Hironori Washizaki, Recovery of Traceability Links and Behavior Models for Software Maintenance, Keynote, 2016 International Conference for Top and Emerging Computer Scientists (IC-TECS 2016), Taipei, Dec 24, 2016.

1. Recovery of Traceability Links and
Behavior Models for Software
Maintenance
Hiro - Hironori Washizaki
Waseda University / National Institute of Informatics /
SYSTEM INFORMATION CO.LTD.
Twitter: @Hiro_Washi washizaki@waseda.jp
http://www.washi.cs.waseda.ac.jp/
IC-TECS 2016, Dec 24, 2016

2. • Prof., Head, Global Software
Engineering Laboratory, Waseda
University
• Visiting Assoc. Prof., National
Institute of Informatics
• Outside Director, SYSTEM
INFORMATION CO.LTD.
• Convenor, ISO/IEC SC7/WG20
• Chair, IEEE CS Japan Chapter
• Chair, SEMAT Japan Chapter
• PC-Chair, IEEE ICST’17
• PC-Chair, IEEE CSEE&T’17
2
Hironori Washizaki

3. Software maintenance matters!
• 60–90% of total costs
• Often the only reliable information is
embedded in source code…
3
B. Lientz and E. Swanson, Software Maintenance Management. Reading, Ma.: Addison-Wesley, 1980.
J. Conejero, E. Figueiredo, A. Garcia, J. Hernández and E. Jurado, "On the Relationship of Concern Metrics and
Requirements Maintainability,” Information and Software Technology, vol.54, no.2, 2012.

4. Reverse engineering for maintenance
4
Requirements
Design
Program
source
code
Tracing
artifacts
1. Tracing
artifacts
Reversing
and detecting
problems
Analysis process to identify elements and create target’s
representations in another or at a higher level of abstraction
Metamodel
3. Common
framework and
taxonomy
2. Reversing
and detecting
problems
2. Reversing
and detecting
problems

5. 5
Requirements
Design
Program
source
code
Tracing
artifacts
1. Tracing
artifacts
Log-based interactive recovery [CAiSE’15][IEICE’15]
Transitive recovery [ICSME’15]
Ryosuke Tsuchiya, Hironori Washizaki, Yoshiaki Fukazawa, Keishi Oshima, and Ryota Mibe,“Interactive Recovery of Requirements
Traceability Links Using User Feedback and Configuration Management Logs,” 27th International Conference on Advanced
Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE 2015)
Ryosuke Tsuchiya, Hironori Washizaki, Yoshiaki Fukazawa, Tadahisa Kato, Masumi Kawakami and Kentaro Yoshimura, Recovering
Traceability Links between Requirements and Source Code using the Configuration Management Log,” IEICE Transactions on
Information and Systems, Vol.98-D, No.4, pp.852-862, 2015.
Kazuki Nishikawa, Hironori Washizaki, Yoshiaki Fukazawa, Keishi Ohshima, Ryota Mibe, “Recovering Transitive Traceability Links
among Software Artifacts,” 31st IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME 2015), ERA Track
Metamodel

6. Facts of traceability links
• Relationships among software artifacts
• Key to ensure consistency among artifacts, but
rarely established explicitly [Lucia’12]
6[Lucia’12] A. De Lucia, et al., "Information Retrieval Methods for Automated Traceability Recovery," in Software and
Systems Traceability, 1st ed., J. Cleland-Huang, O. Gotel and A. Zisman, Ed. New York: Springer, p. 71-98, 2012.
Automated test
automated.c
memory.c
Initialization
Requirement
基本試験
basic.c
NGOK

7. Transitive recovery
7
Source code Design Test case

8. 8
Requirements
Design
Program
source
code
2. Reversing
model
Detecting
problems
2. Detecting
problems
Design model extraction and verification
[ASE’13][ASE’14]
Yuta Maezawa, Kazuki Nishiura, Hironori Washizaki, Shinichi Honiden, “Validating Ajax Applications Using a Delay-Based Mutation
Technique,” 29th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE 2014)
Yuta Maezawa, Hironori Washizaki, Yoshinori Tanabe and Shinichi Honiden, “Automated Verification of Pattern-based Interaction
Invariants in Ajax Applications,” 28th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE2013)
Metamodel

9. 9
window.onload = setEventHandler;
function setEventHandler() {
$(“reg_type”).onchange = calcPrice;
・・・
$(“reg_addcart”).onclick = addCart;
};
function calcPrice() { ・・・ };
function addCart() {
if(isValidInput()) {
reqRunTrans();
} else {
alert(“Invalid user inputs”);
}
};
function reqRunTrans() {
new Ajax.Request(“runTrans.php”, {
method: “GET”, parameters: getParams(),
onSuccess: succeeded });
};
function succeeded() { disableAll();
jumpToConfirm();
};

10. Duplicate
order
10
Model Extraction and Verification

11. 11
window.onload = setEventHandler;
function setEventHandler() {
$(“reg_type”).onchange = calcPrice;
・・・
$(“reg_addcart”).onclick = addCart;
};
function calcPrice() { ・・・ };
function addCart() {
if(isValidInput()) {
$(“addCart”).disabled = true;
reqRunTrans();
} else {
alert(“Invalid user inputs”);
$(“addCart”).disabled = false;
}
};
function reqRunTrans() {
new Ajax.Request(“runTrans.php”, {
method: “GET”, parameters: getParams(),
onSuccess: succeeded }); };
function succeeded() { disableAll();
jumpToConfirm(); };

12. 12
Requirements
Design
Program
source
code
Metamodel
3. Common
taxonomy and
vocabulary
Conceptual Framework and Taxonomy for
Program Metamodels [ICSME’16]
Hironori Washizaki, Yann-Gael Gueheneuc, Foutse Khomh, “A Taxonomy for Program Metamodels in Program Reverse
Engineering,” 32nd IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME), 2016

13. Conceptual Framework and
Taxonomy for Metamodels
13
Metadata
Statement
Method
Transformation
・・・
Package
Class
・・・
Schema
History
・・・
Program
translation
[HICSS’17]
Program
visualization
[VISSOFT’16]
J. Li, K. Sakamoto, H. Washizaki, et al., “Promotion of Educational Effectiveness by Translation-based Programming Language
Learning Using Java and Swift,” HICSS 2017
R. Ishizue, H. Washizaki, et al., “Metrics visualization technique based on the origins and function layers,” VISSOFT 2016
Model extraction
[ASE’13][ASE’14]
Traceability links
[ICSME’15][IEICE’15]Source code Design Test case

14. Conceptual Framework and Taxonomy (excerpt.)
14
Metasyntax
Grammar
Program
Meta
language
Program
metamodel
Program
model
Metasyntax
of schema
Exchange
format
Model data
conforms
describes
can be
mapped to
describes
can be
mapped to
class C {
void m() {
...
}
<class/>
<name>C
</name>
...
C: Class
m: Method
Grammarware Modelware Dataware
conforms

15. 15
Requirements
Design
Program
source
code
Tracing
artifacts
Tracing
artifacts
Reversing
and detecting
problems
Metamodel
Common
taxonomy and
vocabulary
Reversing
and detecting
problems
Framework and Taxonomy for Program Metamodels [ICSME’16]
Ajax model extraction and verification [ASE’13][ASE’14]
Traceability Links Recovery [CAiSE’15][IEICE’15][ICSME’15]

16. Trace in all directions
Trace ANY (‘16-’20)
16
Req.
ER, UML
SimulinkGoal models
SysML, UML
JavaScript
Java
C
Cloud
Reliable trace
by transitive and
interactive recovery
Modularize and
Reuse, change
managementExtractionVerification

17. 17
Mar 12-13 Tokyo (due Jan 13)
asianplop.org
Nov 14-16 Georgia (due Apr)
www.cseet2017.com
Mar 17 Nagoya (due Feb 11)
samuraicoding.info
Mar 13-17 Tokyo
aster.or.jp/conference/icst2017/
10th IEEE International Conference on
Software Testing, Verification and Validation
IPSJ International AI Programming Contest
2017
6th
IEEE CSEE&T
30th Int’l Conf. Software
Engineering Education
and Training