This document provides definitions and formulas for various financial ratios used to analyze the liquidity, solvency, activity, and profitability of a business. It defines ratios such as the current ratio, quick ratio, debt-equity ratio, stock turnover ratio, gross profit ratio, and return on investment. Formulas are given for each ratio alongside notes on how to calculate the variables. The ratios are used to evaluate a business's short-term and long-term financial health and operational efficiency.