The document discusses models of urban growth and change, including the Burgess and Hoyt models. It provides terminology to describe urban structures, such as CBD, inner city, and outer suburbs. Factors that influence urban growth patterns are also examined, such as transportation, industry, retail, and population changes. Case studies are presented on cities in the UK and Europe to illustrate how urban areas have developed and changed over time.

1. Geography Raise a Grade session: Settlement

3. Models – The Burgess Model 1920s – based on Chicago CBD Inner City Inner Suburbs Outer Suburbs

5. Terminology CBD - Core – focus for transport. - Expensive – lack of space (built up) - Low residential population. - Accessibility issue Inner City – Mixed land use. - Small industries. - Can become run down (urban renewal) Inner Suburbs – Housing (1900s) - Terraced (yards, no parking) - Corner shops, parallel roads. Outer Suburbs – Housing (1930s +) - Semi-detached, gardens, off-street parking. - Council estates. - Retail parks. Commuter Zones – Countryside.

7. UK Case Study: Birmingham

10. UK - Bristol

11. UK - Winchcombe

13. UK - Cambridge

15. EU – Randstad (Holland)

17. LEDCs Mexico City, Mexico. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

19. Past Paper question May 2000