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Introduction to
R Programming Language
SachinSL
sachinsl06@gmail.com
History of R programming
• R is a programming language and free software
environment for statistical computing and
graphics.
• R was created by Ross Ihaka and Robert
Gentleman at the University of Auckland, New
Zealand, and further developed by the R
Development Core Team.
• R is named after the first names of the first two R
authors.
• The project was conceived in 1992, with an initial
version released in 1995 and a stable beta version
(v1.0) on 29 February 2000
Programming features
• R is an interpreted language; users typically
access it through a command-line interpreter
• R's data structures include vectors, matrices,
arrays, data frames and lists.
• R supports procedural programming with
functions and for some functions, object-oriented
programming with generic functions.
• Although used mainly by statisticians requiring an
environment for statistical computation and
software development, R can also operate as a
general calculation toolbox – with performance
benchmarks comparable to MATLAB.
Statistical features
• R and its libraries implement a wide variety of
statistical and graphical techniques, including linear
and nonlinear modeling, classical statistical tests, time-
series analysis, classification, clustering, and others.
• R is easily extensible through functions and extensions,
and the R community is noted for its active
contributions in terms of packages.
• Many of R's standard functions are written in R itself,
which makes it easy for users to follow the algorithmic
choices made.
• Another strength of R is static graphics, which can
produce publication-quality graphs, including
mathematical symbols. Dynamic and interactive
graphics are available through additional packages.
Packages
• The capabilities of R are extended through user-created
packages, which allow specialized statistical
techniques, graphical devices, import/export
capabilities, reporting tools.
• The R packaging system is also used by researchers to
create and organize research data, code and report
files in a systematic way for sharing and public
archiving.
• A core set of packages is included with the installation
of R, with more than 15,000 additional packages
available at the Comprehensive R Archive Network
(CRAN), Bioconductor, Omegahat, GitHub, and other
repositories.
C R A N
Comprehensive R Archive Network
• CRAN is a network of ftp and web servers
around the world that store identical, up-to-
date, versions of code and documentation
for R.
• Please use the CRAN mirror nearest to you to
minimize network load.
CRAN mirror?
ANACONDA
• Anaconda is the birthplace of Python data
science.
• Anaconda is a free and open-source distribution
of the Python and R programming languages for
scientific computing.
• This aims to simplify package management and
deployment.
• The distribution includes data-science packages
suitable for Windows, Linux, and macOS.
Why should adopt R?
• R can be integrated with other programming
languages like C, C++, Python, etc.
• R has more than 10,000 packages in its
repository.
• R has community support of developers world-
wide.
• Easy interface for data treatment &
visualization.
Companies using
‘R’eal time
• Google:
– calculate ROI on advertising campaigns
– Economic forecasting
– Big-data statistical modeling
• Facebook:
– User behavior analysis related to status update
and profile pictures.
– Exploratory data analysis, Big-data visualization.
Companies using ‘R’eal time
• Twitter:
– Use for semantic clustering & data visualization
– Anomaly & breakout detection for improving their customer
experience.
• John Deere:
– Use to forecasting crop yields.
– Optimizing the build order on production line.
• ANZ Bank:
– Use for Credit Risk analysis.
– Fit models for mortgage loss.
AMAZING
FACTS
R introduction
R introduction
R introduction
R introduction

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R introduction

  • 1. Introduction to R Programming Language SachinSL sachinsl06@gmail.com
  • 2.
  • 3. History of R programming • R is a programming language and free software environment for statistical computing and graphics. • R was created by Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman at the University of Auckland, New Zealand, and further developed by the R Development Core Team. • R is named after the first names of the first two R authors. • The project was conceived in 1992, with an initial version released in 1995 and a stable beta version (v1.0) on 29 February 2000
  • 4. Programming features • R is an interpreted language; users typically access it through a command-line interpreter • R's data structures include vectors, matrices, arrays, data frames and lists. • R supports procedural programming with functions and for some functions, object-oriented programming with generic functions. • Although used mainly by statisticians requiring an environment for statistical computation and software development, R can also operate as a general calculation toolbox – with performance benchmarks comparable to MATLAB.
  • 5. Statistical features • R and its libraries implement a wide variety of statistical and graphical techniques, including linear and nonlinear modeling, classical statistical tests, time- series analysis, classification, clustering, and others. • R is easily extensible through functions and extensions, and the R community is noted for its active contributions in terms of packages. • Many of R's standard functions are written in R itself, which makes it easy for users to follow the algorithmic choices made. • Another strength of R is static graphics, which can produce publication-quality graphs, including mathematical symbols. Dynamic and interactive graphics are available through additional packages.
  • 6. Packages • The capabilities of R are extended through user-created packages, which allow specialized statistical techniques, graphical devices, import/export capabilities, reporting tools. • The R packaging system is also used by researchers to create and organize research data, code and report files in a systematic way for sharing and public archiving. • A core set of packages is included with the installation of R, with more than 15,000 additional packages available at the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN), Bioconductor, Omegahat, GitHub, and other repositories.
  • 7. C R A N Comprehensive R Archive Network • CRAN is a network of ftp and web servers around the world that store identical, up-to- date, versions of code and documentation for R. • Please use the CRAN mirror nearest to you to minimize network load. CRAN mirror?
  • 8.
  • 9. ANACONDA • Anaconda is the birthplace of Python data science. • Anaconda is a free and open-source distribution of the Python and R programming languages for scientific computing. • This aims to simplify package management and deployment. • The distribution includes data-science packages suitable for Windows, Linux, and macOS.
  • 10. Why should adopt R? • R can be integrated with other programming languages like C, C++, Python, etc. • R has more than 10,000 packages in its repository. • R has community support of developers world- wide. • Easy interface for data treatment & visualization.
  • 11. Companies using ‘R’eal time • Google: – calculate ROI on advertising campaigns – Economic forecasting – Big-data statistical modeling • Facebook: – User behavior analysis related to status update and profile pictures. – Exploratory data analysis, Big-data visualization.
  • 12. Companies using ‘R’eal time • Twitter: – Use for semantic clustering & data visualization – Anomaly & breakout detection for improving their customer experience. • John Deere: – Use to forecasting crop yields. – Optimizing the build order on production line. • ANZ Bank: – Use for Credit Risk analysis. – Fit models for mortgage loss.