1. The document discusses exponents and logarithms. It covers properties of integer and fractional exponents, rationalizing denominators under radicals, and properties of logarithms. 2. Specific topics include laws of exponents, zero and negative exponents, rationalizing denominators, and properties like change of base, logarithms of fractions and powers, and using logarithms to solve exponential equations. 3. Formulas covered include rules for positive integer exponents, rationalizing denominators involving sums and differences of radicals, properties relating logarithms to exponents and their inverses, and using logarithms to solve equations.

1. Step 2 : Rangkuman Eksponen Dan Logaritma
1. PANGKAT BULAT POSITIF
& ap x aq = ap+q
& ap : aq = ap-q
& (ap)q = apxq
& (a x b)n = an x bn
&
a

n
b
 = n


a
n
b
& 0n = 0, n > 0
2. PANGKAT BULAT NEGATIF & NOL
& a0 = 1
& a-n = 1
an
1
& an = a-n
3. BENTUK AKAR : akar dari bil.rasional yang hasilnya merupakan bil.irrasional
Contoh : 6
& (a x b) = a x b
& a c +b c = (a +b) c
& a c −b c = (a −b) c
& (a +b)+2 ab = a + b
& (a +b) −2 ab = a - b
4. MERASIONALKAN PENYEBUT AKAR DALAM PECAHAN
&
a =
b
a =
x b
b
b
a b
b
&
c
+
a b
=
x a −
b
a b
c
a b
−
+
=
c(a- b)
2
a -b
&
c
−
a b
=
x a +
b
a b
c
a b
+
−
=
c(a +
b)
2
a -b
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&
c
+
a b
=
x a −
b
a b
c
a b
−
+
=
c(a − b)
a-b
&
c
−
a b
=
x a +
b
a b
c
a b
+
−
=
c(a + b)
a-b


m
a
5. PANGKAT PECAHAN  

 

n
& xn = a , maka x = n a
1
a = a
& n n
m
a = a
& n n m
&
a = 1
− atau
m
n
m
n
a
a 1
m
n
m
n
a
−
=
& af(x) = ap , maka f(x) = p
6. LOGARITMA
Sifat-sifat logaritma
1) glog (ax b) = glog a + glog b
2) glog (
a ) = glog a – glog b
b
3) glog an = n x glog a
p
4) glog a =
log a
p
log g
5) glog a =
1
a
log g
6) glog a x a log b = glog b
7)
m
g log am g n =
. log a
n
8) g a g log a =
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