This document discusses several diseases that affect tomato plants, including fungal, bacterial, viral, and nematode diseases. It provides details on the causative agents and symptoms of early blight caused by the fungus Alternaria solani, bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas species, and tomato yellow leaf curl virus transmitted by whiteflies. Control methods discussed include resistant cultivars, crop rotation, fungicides, bactericides, biological controls, and genetic modification.
Yellow vein mosaic of bhindi , begomo virus Ariful Islam
Yellow vein mosaic of bhendi is one type of disease of bhendi caused by virus, This disease is the major limitations in the production of bhendi. This disease cause heavy loss in yield, if the plants get infected within 20 days after germination.
This document summarizes several bacterial and viral diseases that affect rice, including bacterial leaf blight, bacterial leaf streak, rice tungro disease, rice grassy stunt, rice ragged stunt, and rice yellow mottling. It describes the pathogens, symptoms, favorable conditions, and management strategies for each disease. The key points are that bacterial leaf blight is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae, rice tungro disease is caused by two viruses and transmitted by green leafhoppers, and management involves using resistant varieties, controlling insect vectors, and destroying weed hosts.
Microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa can cause plant diseases. The study of plant diseases is called plant pathology. Pathogens are the microorganisms that cause diseases, and they can spread from infected to healthy plants through contact, water droplets, or vectors. Common plant diseases include rice leaf blight caused by bacteria, rice blast caused by fungi, wheat rust caused by fungi, red rot of sugarcane caused by fungi, and tikka disease of groundnut caused by fungi. Managing diseases involves using resistant varieties, treating seeds, removing infected plants, and applying fungicides.
Rust is a fungal disease that infects a wide range of plant species. It has a complex life cycle involving 5 spore-producing stages and usually requires two different host plants. Common rust symptoms include yellow or rust-colored spores produced in pustules on leaves and stems. Disease management focuses on using resistant varieties and fungicide application when needed.
This document summarizes five main diseases that affect cucumbers: 1) Anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lagenarium, 2) Bacterial wilt caused by the bacteria Erwinia tracheiphila, 3) Powdery mildew caused by the fungus Erysiphe cichoracearum, 4) Mosaic caused by cucumber mosaic virus and squash mosaic virus transmitted by aphids, and 5) Root knot nematode caused by the nematode Meloidogyne spp. It provides details on symptoms, life cycles, and management recommendations for each disease, which include using resistant varieties, rotation, fungicides/insecticides, and removing alternative hosts
This document discusses Tikka disease, a major disease of groundnut crops caused by two fungi - Cercospora arachidicola and Cercospora personata. It causes circular brown spots on the leaves which can lead to defoliation. The fungi overwinter in crop residues in the soil and conidia are spread by air or other means to cause primary and secondary infections under favorable humidity and temperature conditions. Management strategies include growing resistant varieties, crop rotation, burying residues, and fungicide application.
This document discusses several diseases that affect tomato plants, including fungal, bacterial, viral, and nematode diseases. It provides details on the causative agents and symptoms of early blight caused by the fungus Alternaria solani, bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas species, and tomato yellow leaf curl virus transmitted by whiteflies. Control methods discussed include resistant cultivars, crop rotation, fungicides, bactericides, biological controls, and genetic modification.
Yellow vein mosaic of bhindi , begomo virus Ariful Islam
Yellow vein mosaic of bhendi is one type of disease of bhendi caused by virus, This disease is the major limitations in the production of bhendi. This disease cause heavy loss in yield, if the plants get infected within 20 days after germination.
This document summarizes several bacterial and viral diseases that affect rice, including bacterial leaf blight, bacterial leaf streak, rice tungro disease, rice grassy stunt, rice ragged stunt, and rice yellow mottling. It describes the pathogens, symptoms, favorable conditions, and management strategies for each disease. The key points are that bacterial leaf blight is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae, rice tungro disease is caused by two viruses and transmitted by green leafhoppers, and management involves using resistant varieties, controlling insect vectors, and destroying weed hosts.
Microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa can cause plant diseases. The study of plant diseases is called plant pathology. Pathogens are the microorganisms that cause diseases, and they can spread from infected to healthy plants through contact, water droplets, or vectors. Common plant diseases include rice leaf blight caused by bacteria, rice blast caused by fungi, wheat rust caused by fungi, red rot of sugarcane caused by fungi, and tikka disease of groundnut caused by fungi. Managing diseases involves using resistant varieties, treating seeds, removing infected plants, and applying fungicides.
Rust is a fungal disease that infects a wide range of plant species. It has a complex life cycle involving 5 spore-producing stages and usually requires two different host plants. Common rust symptoms include yellow or rust-colored spores produced in pustules on leaves and stems. Disease management focuses on using resistant varieties and fungicide application when needed.
This document summarizes five main diseases that affect cucumbers: 1) Anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lagenarium, 2) Bacterial wilt caused by the bacteria Erwinia tracheiphila, 3) Powdery mildew caused by the fungus Erysiphe cichoracearum, 4) Mosaic caused by cucumber mosaic virus and squash mosaic virus transmitted by aphids, and 5) Root knot nematode caused by the nematode Meloidogyne spp. It provides details on symptoms, life cycles, and management recommendations for each disease, which include using resistant varieties, rotation, fungicides/insecticides, and removing alternative hosts
This document discusses Tikka disease, a major disease of groundnut crops caused by two fungi - Cercospora arachidicola and Cercospora personata. It causes circular brown spots on the leaves which can lead to defoliation. The fungi overwinter in crop residues in the soil and conidia are spread by air or other means to cause primary and secondary infections under favorable humidity and temperature conditions. Management strategies include growing resistant varieties, crop rotation, burying residues, and fungicide application.
The document discusses several diseases that affect cucurbit crops, including watermelon fruit blotch caused by the bacterium Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli, bacterial wilt of cucurbits caused by Erwinia tracheiphila, anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lagenarium, and powdery mildew caused by the fungi Erysiphe cichoracearum and Sphaerotheca fuliginea. It provides details on symptoms, disease development and spread, and management strategies for each disease.
Powdery mildew is caused by the fungi Podosphaera xanthii and Erysiphe cichoracearum. It affects cucurbit plants like cucumbers and melons. Symptoms include white or gray powdery spots on leaves that spread and cause defoliation and reduced fruit yield. The disease spreads via airborne conidia or ascospores. Management strategies include using resistant varieties, removing weeds, and applying preventative fungicides under favorable warm, humid conditions.
This document discusses various insect vectors and the plant diseases they transmit. It provides examples of different insect vectors like green leafhopper, brown plant hopper, bean aphid, leaf hopper, whitefly, thrips, brown leafhopper, green peach aphid, and banana aphid. For each vector, it describes the disease(s) they transmit, associated symptoms in plants, and potential management strategies. Insects can transmit viruses, bacteria, fungi, or phytoplasmas, with viruses being the most common type of plant pathogen transmitted by insect vectors.
Downy mildew is a destructive fungal disease that affects cucurbit crops like cucumbers and cantaloupe. It is spread by wind and rain and thrives under cool, humid conditions. Symptoms include pale green or yellow leaf spots that are initially on the top of leaves but later show a grayish fungal growth on the bottom. The disease can kill entire plants if left uncontrolled. Management strategies include using resistant varieties, improving soil health and air circulation, applying organic fungicides like copper, neem oil, or biofungicides, and monitoring forecasts to time applications.
Power point presentation plant diseasesroshni17890
This document discusses several common plant diseases, their causes, symptoms, and prevention methods. It describes diseases that affect coconut (bud rot and root wilt caused by bacteria), paddy (blight disease caused by bacteria), rubber (decay disease caused by fungus), pepper (quick wilt caused by fungus), and plantain (bunchy top disease caused by a banana bunchy top virus spread by aphids). The concluding paragraphs emphasize that plant disease management aims to reduce economic and aesthetic damage by applying our growing scientific understanding of pathogen-host interactions and developing control measures tailored to specific diseases.
Saflower crop diseases A Lecture by Mr Allah Dad KhanMr.Allah Dad Khan
1) Sunflower crops can be affected by over 30 diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes.
2) The document discusses the identification, symptoms, and life cycles of various diseases that impact sunflower crops including Sclerotinia head rot, Apical chlorosis, Bacterial leaf spot, Bacterial wilt, Crown gall, Alternaria leaf blight, Downy mildew, Powdery mildew, Rust, Septoria leaf spot, and various nematode diseases.
3) Control measures for sunflower diseases include removing infected plant debris, rotating crops, using resistant varieties, and following best management practices.
This document discusses several plant viruses that cause diseases in crops such as banana, potato, tomato, chilli, and tobacco. It describes the symptoms, transmission methods (e.g. aphids, mechanical), epidemiology, and management (e.g. removing infected plants, using resistant varieties, controlling insect vectors) for each virus, including Banana Bunchy Top Virus, Potato Virus X, Potato Virus Y, Potato Leaf Roll Virus, Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus, Tomato Leaf Curl Virus, Chilli Mosaic Virus, and Tobacco Mosaic Virus. The viruses can spread rapidly and cause significant crop yield losses if not properly managed.
This document summarizes three major bacterial diseases that affect beans: common bacterial blight, halo blight, and bacterial brown spot. It describes the symptoms caused by each disease, including lesions on leaves and pods. The diseases can cause significant losses in bean yield and quality. The bacteria that cause the diseases can survive for months in plant debris and be spread long distances by contaminated seed, wind, rain, insects, machinery and more. Controlling the diseases requires avoiding planting in infected fields and using disease-free seed.
This document provides information on several plant viruses. It defines viruses and describes their structure. It then discusses the history of the earliest documented plant virus. The document proceeds to provide details on several specific plant viruses, including Tobacco mosaic virus, Potato virus Y, Sugarcane mosaic virus, Citrus tristeza virus, and Cotton leaf curl virus. For each virus, it outlines key facts like genome, geographic occurrence, symptoms caused, transmission method, environmental conditions needed, and control methods.
The document discusses Rhizopus artocarpi, a fungus that causes jack fruit rot, including its symptoms such as soft rotting of young fruits and inflorescences, distribution in various Pacific islands, taxonomy as a species of the fungus Rhizopus in the order Mucorales, and management through cultural controls like pruning and sanitation or chemical controls like fungicide sprays. Warm, humid conditions favor the fungus's development and it can be spread by wind, rain and insects.
This document discusses the history, symptoms, and management of late blight of potato, a serious fungal disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. It details how late blight caused the Great Irish Famine in the 1840s and remains a threat to global potato production. The disease cycle and methods for control are explained, including the use of resistant varieties, proper sanitation, fungicide application, and crop rotations. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of developing resistant cultivars to control late blight in an environmentally sustainable manner.
This document discusses various common garden pests and provides information on identifying them, the plants they affect, the damage they cause, and natural methods for controlling them. It emphasizes the importance of using integrated pest management strategies that minimize harm to other wildlife and focus on tolerance and least toxic controls like manual removal, biological controls, and botanical sprays rather than total eradication of any single pest.
This document summarizes a presentation on sustainable and organic approaches to managing cucurbit and tomato diseases. The presentation covered important pathogens for tomatoes and cucurbits, their symptoms, spread, survival, and host range. It discussed general control strategies like avoidance, eradication, exclusion and protection. It provided recommendations for specific diseases including using resistant varieties and cultural practices like crop rotation, solarization, grafting and disease-free transplants.
This document discusses several major pests that affect coffee crops and their management. It describes 11 pests in detail:
1. White stem borer, its identification, damage symptoms, and management including pruning, scrubbing, and chemical control.
2. Coffee berry borer, its identification, damage symptoms of holes and fruit drop, and management including quarantine, gleaning, and traps.
3. Shot hole borer, its identification, symptoms of wilting branches, and management of pruning and removal of infested materials.
4. Additional pests described include mealybugs, scales, leaf miners, cockchafers, snails, and termites. Control methods include maintaining shade, removing
Undergraduate students' slide presentation of Plant pathogenesis caused by fungi for SHEQ3329 Agricultural Microbiology under Dr. Khanom Simarani (2014/2015).
This document describes the Bakanae disease, which affects rice seedlings in nurseries and young plants in fields. It is caused by the fungi Fusarium moniliforme and Gibberella fujikuroi. Symptoms include pale, wilted seedlings that are taller than healthy ones and may die after transplanting. In fields, infected plants appear tall and flower early, and some show fungal growth at the collar or stunted growth. The fungi live in seeds and soil and infect plants primarily through these routes. They grow best at temperatures between 30-35°C and in moist conditions. Control methods include using disease-free seed, dry seed storage, fungicide seed treatment, resistant varieties, and managing
This document discusses several diseases that affect mulberry crops, including the causal organisms, symptoms, and management strategies. It covers foliar diseases like leaf spot, powdery mildew, leaf rust, and leaf blights. It also discusses soil-borne diseases like root knot caused by nematodes, root rot, and nursery diseases. For each disease, it provides the pathogen, occurrence, symptoms, and integrated control methods involving cultural, chemical, and biological approaches. The overall document provides a comprehensive overview of mulberry diseases and their management.
This document provides information on common plant diseases and pests. It discusses late blight of tomato and potato, which is caused by Phytophthora infestans. Late blight spreads rapidly in cool, wet weather and requires fungicide applications every 5-7 days to control. It also covers other diseases like early blight, septoria leaf spot, downy mildews, powdery mildews, rusts, grey mold, white mold, root rots, and virus diseases; and provides details on symptoms, disease cycles, and management strategies for each. Prevention through sanitation, cultural practices, and resistant varieties is emphasized.
El documento describe los pasos para realizar una búsqueda en la base de datos PubMed sobre atención domiciliaria de salud en pacientes entre 19 y 44 años con esquizofrenia o psicosis maniaco-depresiva. Estos pasos incluyen la introducción de términos en el MESH, el uso de operadores lógicos como OR y AND, y la aplicación de filtros de fecha y edad para obtener 10 resultados relevantes que son guardados y citados en Mendeley.
The document discusses several diseases that affect cucurbit crops, including watermelon fruit blotch caused by the bacterium Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli, bacterial wilt of cucurbits caused by Erwinia tracheiphila, anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lagenarium, and powdery mildew caused by the fungi Erysiphe cichoracearum and Sphaerotheca fuliginea. It provides details on symptoms, disease development and spread, and management strategies for each disease.
Powdery mildew is caused by the fungi Podosphaera xanthii and Erysiphe cichoracearum. It affects cucurbit plants like cucumbers and melons. Symptoms include white or gray powdery spots on leaves that spread and cause defoliation and reduced fruit yield. The disease spreads via airborne conidia or ascospores. Management strategies include using resistant varieties, removing weeds, and applying preventative fungicides under favorable warm, humid conditions.
This document discusses various insect vectors and the plant diseases they transmit. It provides examples of different insect vectors like green leafhopper, brown plant hopper, bean aphid, leaf hopper, whitefly, thrips, brown leafhopper, green peach aphid, and banana aphid. For each vector, it describes the disease(s) they transmit, associated symptoms in plants, and potential management strategies. Insects can transmit viruses, bacteria, fungi, or phytoplasmas, with viruses being the most common type of plant pathogen transmitted by insect vectors.
Downy mildew is a destructive fungal disease that affects cucurbit crops like cucumbers and cantaloupe. It is spread by wind and rain and thrives under cool, humid conditions. Symptoms include pale green or yellow leaf spots that are initially on the top of leaves but later show a grayish fungal growth on the bottom. The disease can kill entire plants if left uncontrolled. Management strategies include using resistant varieties, improving soil health and air circulation, applying organic fungicides like copper, neem oil, or biofungicides, and monitoring forecasts to time applications.
Power point presentation plant diseasesroshni17890
This document discusses several common plant diseases, their causes, symptoms, and prevention methods. It describes diseases that affect coconut (bud rot and root wilt caused by bacteria), paddy (blight disease caused by bacteria), rubber (decay disease caused by fungus), pepper (quick wilt caused by fungus), and plantain (bunchy top disease caused by a banana bunchy top virus spread by aphids). The concluding paragraphs emphasize that plant disease management aims to reduce economic and aesthetic damage by applying our growing scientific understanding of pathogen-host interactions and developing control measures tailored to specific diseases.
Saflower crop diseases A Lecture by Mr Allah Dad KhanMr.Allah Dad Khan
1) Sunflower crops can be affected by over 30 diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes.
2) The document discusses the identification, symptoms, and life cycles of various diseases that impact sunflower crops including Sclerotinia head rot, Apical chlorosis, Bacterial leaf spot, Bacterial wilt, Crown gall, Alternaria leaf blight, Downy mildew, Powdery mildew, Rust, Septoria leaf spot, and various nematode diseases.
3) Control measures for sunflower diseases include removing infected plant debris, rotating crops, using resistant varieties, and following best management practices.
This document discusses several plant viruses that cause diseases in crops such as banana, potato, tomato, chilli, and tobacco. It describes the symptoms, transmission methods (e.g. aphids, mechanical), epidemiology, and management (e.g. removing infected plants, using resistant varieties, controlling insect vectors) for each virus, including Banana Bunchy Top Virus, Potato Virus X, Potato Virus Y, Potato Leaf Roll Virus, Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus, Tomato Leaf Curl Virus, Chilli Mosaic Virus, and Tobacco Mosaic Virus. The viruses can spread rapidly and cause significant crop yield losses if not properly managed.
This document summarizes three major bacterial diseases that affect beans: common bacterial blight, halo blight, and bacterial brown spot. It describes the symptoms caused by each disease, including lesions on leaves and pods. The diseases can cause significant losses in bean yield and quality. The bacteria that cause the diseases can survive for months in plant debris and be spread long distances by contaminated seed, wind, rain, insects, machinery and more. Controlling the diseases requires avoiding planting in infected fields and using disease-free seed.
This document provides information on several plant viruses. It defines viruses and describes their structure. It then discusses the history of the earliest documented plant virus. The document proceeds to provide details on several specific plant viruses, including Tobacco mosaic virus, Potato virus Y, Sugarcane mosaic virus, Citrus tristeza virus, and Cotton leaf curl virus. For each virus, it outlines key facts like genome, geographic occurrence, symptoms caused, transmission method, environmental conditions needed, and control methods.
The document discusses Rhizopus artocarpi, a fungus that causes jack fruit rot, including its symptoms such as soft rotting of young fruits and inflorescences, distribution in various Pacific islands, taxonomy as a species of the fungus Rhizopus in the order Mucorales, and management through cultural controls like pruning and sanitation or chemical controls like fungicide sprays. Warm, humid conditions favor the fungus's development and it can be spread by wind, rain and insects.
This document discusses the history, symptoms, and management of late blight of potato, a serious fungal disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. It details how late blight caused the Great Irish Famine in the 1840s and remains a threat to global potato production. The disease cycle and methods for control are explained, including the use of resistant varieties, proper sanitation, fungicide application, and crop rotations. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of developing resistant cultivars to control late blight in an environmentally sustainable manner.
This document discusses various common garden pests and provides information on identifying them, the plants they affect, the damage they cause, and natural methods for controlling them. It emphasizes the importance of using integrated pest management strategies that minimize harm to other wildlife and focus on tolerance and least toxic controls like manual removal, biological controls, and botanical sprays rather than total eradication of any single pest.
This document summarizes a presentation on sustainable and organic approaches to managing cucurbit and tomato diseases. The presentation covered important pathogens for tomatoes and cucurbits, their symptoms, spread, survival, and host range. It discussed general control strategies like avoidance, eradication, exclusion and protection. It provided recommendations for specific diseases including using resistant varieties and cultural practices like crop rotation, solarization, grafting and disease-free transplants.
This document discusses several major pests that affect coffee crops and their management. It describes 11 pests in detail:
1. White stem borer, its identification, damage symptoms, and management including pruning, scrubbing, and chemical control.
2. Coffee berry borer, its identification, damage symptoms of holes and fruit drop, and management including quarantine, gleaning, and traps.
3. Shot hole borer, its identification, symptoms of wilting branches, and management of pruning and removal of infested materials.
4. Additional pests described include mealybugs, scales, leaf miners, cockchafers, snails, and termites. Control methods include maintaining shade, removing
Undergraduate students' slide presentation of Plant pathogenesis caused by fungi for SHEQ3329 Agricultural Microbiology under Dr. Khanom Simarani (2014/2015).
This document describes the Bakanae disease, which affects rice seedlings in nurseries and young plants in fields. It is caused by the fungi Fusarium moniliforme and Gibberella fujikuroi. Symptoms include pale, wilted seedlings that are taller than healthy ones and may die after transplanting. In fields, infected plants appear tall and flower early, and some show fungal growth at the collar or stunted growth. The fungi live in seeds and soil and infect plants primarily through these routes. They grow best at temperatures between 30-35°C and in moist conditions. Control methods include using disease-free seed, dry seed storage, fungicide seed treatment, resistant varieties, and managing
This document discusses several diseases that affect mulberry crops, including the causal organisms, symptoms, and management strategies. It covers foliar diseases like leaf spot, powdery mildew, leaf rust, and leaf blights. It also discusses soil-borne diseases like root knot caused by nematodes, root rot, and nursery diseases. For each disease, it provides the pathogen, occurrence, symptoms, and integrated control methods involving cultural, chemical, and biological approaches. The overall document provides a comprehensive overview of mulberry diseases and their management.
This document provides information on common plant diseases and pests. It discusses late blight of tomato and potato, which is caused by Phytophthora infestans. Late blight spreads rapidly in cool, wet weather and requires fungicide applications every 5-7 days to control. It also covers other diseases like early blight, septoria leaf spot, downy mildews, powdery mildews, rusts, grey mold, white mold, root rots, and virus diseases; and provides details on symptoms, disease cycles, and management strategies for each. Prevention through sanitation, cultural practices, and resistant varieties is emphasized.
El documento describe los pasos para realizar una búsqueda en la base de datos PubMed sobre atención domiciliaria de salud en pacientes entre 19 y 44 años con esquizofrenia o psicosis maniaco-depresiva. Estos pasos incluyen la introducción de términos en el MESH, el uso de operadores lógicos como OR y AND, y la aplicación de filtros de fecha y edad para obtener 10 resultados relevantes que son guardados y citados en Mendeley.
This verified certificate of achievement certifies that Darshan Kumar Soni successfully completed and passed the online course OM101.1x: Introduction to Operations Management - I offered by IIMBx, the online learning initiative of the Indian Institute of Management Bangalore through edX. The certificate was issued on July 31, 2016 and contains a valid verification ID number.
The document describes Joré, a cloud-based maintenance management system that helps customers track fuel consumption, oil consumption, maintenance schedules, downtime, and other machine data. It allows users to access reports and track performance from anywhere. Joré requires no on-site servers, backs up data, and stores all information securely in the cloud. Setting up Joré involves adding sites and machines, then the system will automatically capture and report on performance metrics.
Revolucion de la comunicacion final power pointYasmehira
El documento trata sobre la revolución de la comunicación audiovisual. Explica la teoría de McLuhan sobre la aldea global y cómo los medios electrónicos generan interconexión a escala global. También describe cómo la evolución tecnológica y social van de la mano con la teoría de la comunicación de Shannon, llevando a una constante renovación. Además, señala que la tecnología educativa propicia procesos de enseñanza más interactivos entre profesor y estudiante y nuevos entornos de aprendizaje
Este documento habla sobre los conceptos básicos de los virus informáticos y los antivirus. Explica que los virus son programas maliciosos que se replican a sí mismos para infectar otros sistemas, y que el primer virus conocido se llamó "Creeper" en 1972. También describe los diferentes tipos de virus como troyanos, gusanos y bombas lógicas. Finalmente, detalla los diferentes tipos de antivirus y vacunas que existen para detectar y eliminar virus, como los antivirus activos y las vacunas de detección y desinfe
Text Analytics (unstructured - Twitter, Facebook posts):
Information Extraction is the problem of distilling structured information from unstructured text, for example, finding entities such as persons and organizations, and the relationships between them. Using SystemT - a state-of-the-art Information Extraction System.
This document discusses Java lists and iterators. It provides information on:
1) The List interface and classes that implement it like ArrayList and LinkedList. It also discusses how to create and output List objects.
2) Common List methods like isEmpty(), size(), add(), get(), and the iterator() method.
3) Using iterators to traverse List elements, including the iterator interface methods and how to use a generic iterator in a for-each loop.
4) Differences between using an iterator versus a for-each loop, where an iterator is needed to remove elements from the List.
. Relational Database Design 1.1. Introduction to Anomalies 1.2. Functional dependencies 1.3. Decomposition 1.4. Introduction to Normalization 1.4.1. First Normal Form 1.4.2. Second Normal Form 1.4.3. Third Normal Form 1.4.4. BCNF
Este documento describe los pasos para instalar Windows XP, incluyendo tener la imagen ISO o CD de instalación, seguir los pasos indicados paso a paso, crear una cuenta de usuario, y finalizar correctamente el proceso de instalación. Explica que primero se inserta el CD de instalación, luego se carga el programa de instalación, y más adelante se solicita ingresar un número de serie antes de que continúe la instalación y muestre los archivos y programas que está instalando. Finalmente, indica que la instalación termina y se puede acceder a
Prezentacja do wystąpienia Alicji Banaszek (Gminna Biblioteka Publiczna w Rozdrażewie) i Joanny Potęgi (Biblioteka Narodowa) na trzecim ogólnopolskim kongressie bibliotek publicznych "Biblioteka z wizją", 11-12 października 2012 r.
This document discusses using SPSS to conduct a chi-square test of independence. It provides an example of testing whether there is an association between area of residence (urban vs. rural) and BMI categories (normal weight vs. overweight/obese). The chi-square test involves stating hypotheses, calculating expected and observed frequencies, computing the test statistic in SPSS, and making a decision. No significant relationship was found between gender and BMI categories in another example exercise.
Dobre rozumienie zaczyna się od uważnego słuchania. Sztuka aktywnego słuchania jest niezbędnym narzędziem dobrej komunikacji. Szczególnie w sytuacjach, w których zależy nam na podtrzymaniu dobrego kontaktu lub wywarciu wpływu na osoby. Uczestnicy warsztatów dowiedzą się jak poprawić jakość komunikacji w życiu prywatnym i zawodowym (np. podczas prowadzenia badań). Będziemy szlifować umiejętność aktywnego słuchania i efektywnej interakcji.
Uczestnicy warsztatów nauczą się jak:
- korzystać z podstawowych technik aktywnego słuchania,
- zadawać pytania w celu uzyskania lepszych informacji,
- sprostać wyzwaniom, które pojawiają się podczas rozmowy,
- skutecznie „przechwytywać” informacje, którymi dzieli się z Tobą rozmówca.
Warsztaty będą łączyły wiedzę teoretyczną oraz dopasowane pod grupę ćwiczenia.
Presentation on Predictive modeling in Health-care at San Jose, Ca 2015. This presentation talks about healthcare industry in US, provides stats and forecasts. It then discusses a few use cases in health care and goes into detail on a kaggle example.
Metode studi kasus adalah konsep yang sangat populer dalam lingkungan penelitian maupun dalam lingkungan pengajaran. Istilah yang digunakan pada kedua bidang ini sama, namun demikian sebenarnya metode studi kasus untuk pengajaran dapat dibedakan dari metode studi kasus untuk tujuan penelitian. Uraian di sini lebih banyak mengulas metode studi kasus untuk kepentingan pembelajaran (teaching case)
10 best practices and design principles to create effective dashboards using Tableau. View the webinar video recording to hear the narrated version of the good, the bad…and the downright ugly in dashboard design: http://www.senturus.com/resources/10-best-practices-for-tableau-dashboard-design/.
Senturus, a business analytics consulting firm, has a resource library with hundreds of free recorded webinars, trainings, demos and unbiased product reviews. Take a look and share them with your colleagues and friends: http://www.senturus.com/resources/.
1. The document identifies and describes several major insect pests that affect mango trees and fruit, including mango hoppers, mealybugs, fruit flies, and bark-eating caterpillars.
2. It provides details on the life cycles of the pests, damage symptoms caused, and highlights sooty mold as a common secondary issue.
3. Control recommendations are outlined for each pest, including cultural, biological, and chemical approaches. Cultural controls focus on sanitation while chemical controls recommend targeted application of specific insecticides at key life stages.
This document discusses several pests that affect tomato production, including whitefly, fruit borer, leaf minor, Epilachna beetle, tobacco caterpillar, root knot nematode, and recommendations for their control. For whitefly, recommendations include following clean cultivation, limiting irrigation, and spraying recommended insecticides. For fruit borer, recommendations include collecting infected fruits, using trap crops, releasing parasitoids, and spraying insecticides. For leaf minor, polythene mulching combined with irrigation and neem or insecticide sprays are recommended.
Mango insects A Lecture To ToT trainees ( FFS) By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Prov...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
The document discusses various insect pests that affect mangoes, including bark eating caterpillars, fruit piercing moths, mango stem borers, mango shoot caterpillars, mango leafhoppers, mango stem miners, mango fruit flies, red banded mango caterpillars, mango thrips, mango whiteflies, mango mealybugs, inflorescence midges, leaf webbers, shoot gall psyllas, and scale insects. It provides details on the damage caused by each pest as well as potential management strategies like pruning, destruction of infested plant parts, and chemical sprays to control pest populations and reduce damage.
Lychee diseases By Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFALMr.Allah Dad Khan
This document summarizes several diseases that affect lychee trees, including anthracnose, stem canker, pink limb blight, algal spot, parasitic lichen, brown blight, and tree decline. It describes the symptoms of each disease, such as brown spots on fruit for anthracnose, sunken lesions on branches for stem canker, and wilting branches for pink limb blight and tree decline. Management strategies mentioned include pruning infected branches and limbs. The document provides an overview of the most common diseases affecting lychee trees.
This document provides information on treating and caring for banana plants. It discusses treating planting materials with various chemicals like Dawn 2000 and Acer. It also discusses controlling common weeds through non-selective weedicides like Bound Off. For diseases, it describes Panama wilt, sigatoka leaf spot, and anthracnose and their symptoms and controls. It lists several insect pests that affect bananas like banana rhizome borer, banana stem weevil, banana rust thrips, banana silvery thrips, banana aphids and describes their appearance, damage caused, and control methods.
Longan diseases By Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFALMr.Allah Dad Khan
This document discusses several diseases that affect longan trees:
1. Anthracnose causes brown spots on lychee fruit that coalesce and cause decay. It is more severe on the 'Mauritius' variety.
2. Stem canker appears as sunken lesions on branches that crack and expose wood. It is managed by pruning infected branches.
3. Pink limb blight girdles the limbs, causing foliage wilt and death. It is also managed by pruning.
4. Algal spot produces gray-green circular leaf spots that turn reddish as alga produces spores. It may spread to branches and girdle them.
5. Paras
This document summarizes the management of major pests that affect guava plants. It discusses three main pests: the guava fruit fly, tea mosquito bug, and guava aphid. For each pest, it provides details on biology, damage symptoms, and management recommendations. The guava fruit fly infests and lays eggs in guava fruits, causing them to rot and drop prematurely. The tea mosquito bug feeds on plant tissues, resulting in necrotic lesions and scabs on foliage and fruits. The guava aphid sucks sap from leaves, shoots, and fruits, causing yellowing and wilting. Management strategies for each pest include collecting infested fruits and plant pruning, as well as
The document summarizes information about several pests that damage fruit crops, including their life cycles and means of control. It describes the mango fruit fly (Dacus dorsalis), its eggs, larvae, pupa stages, and damage caused by feeding larvae. It also outlines the bark eating caterpillar (Inderbela quadrinotata), its eggs, larvae, pupa and damage done by larvae feeding on tree bark. The fruit piercing moth (Othreis fullonia) is also summarized, detailing its eggs, larvae, pupa, and damage from adult moths piercing and sucking fruit juices. Control methods for each pest include removing infected plant material, injecting pesticide into bore holes, and spraying
This document provides information on the major and minor pests that affect groundnut crops. It describes 10 major pests, including aphids, leafhoppers, thrips, and red hairy caterpillars. For each major pest, it provides details on identification, life cycle, damage symptoms, and integrated pest management strategies involving cultural, mechanical, biological and chemical controls. The document also briefly mentions two minor groundnut pests and concludes with descriptions of the aphid pest and its management.
This document summarizes the major pests that affect guava plants, including the guava fruit fly, tea mosquito bug, and guava aphid. It provides details on the biology, symptoms of damage, and management strategies for each pest. The guava fruit fly is about 5mm long with black and yellow markings and infests guava fruits, causing discoloration, decay and premature dropping. The tea mosquito bug feeds on plant tissues, resulting in necrotic lesions and scab formation on fruits. The guava aphid sucks sap from leaves, shoots and fruits, causing yellowing and wilting. Management strategies include collecting fallen fruits, tillage, using methyl eugenol traps, pruning
The document discusses various pests and diseases that affect mango plants and fruits. It describes the life cycles and damage caused by mango hoppers, thrips, shoot borers, inflorescence borers, fruit borers, mango weevils, fruit flies, mealybugs, leaf webbers, cecid flies, stem borers, sooty mold, anthracnose, twig blight, and powdery mildew. It provides control measures and dosages for various chemicals to treat these issues, including Knock Down Super, Batista, Nidar, and 24 Karat. Promotional activities taken by HPM Suraksha Chakra are also briefly mentioned
Blue berry insects A Lecture To ToT trainees ( FFS) By Mr. Allah Dad Khan ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document discusses several pests that affect blueberry plants, including insects and arachnids. It describes the symptoms caused by each pest, such as small holes in leaves from a dark colored jumping beetle, curled leaves from a pale yellow thrips insect, and misshapen flowers and fruit from a microscopic mite. The document also explains the damage certain pests can cause, like defoliating trees and destroying the current and following years' blueberry crops, or burrowing into and rotting berries with maggots.
This document summarizes several insect pests that affect tomatoes: tomato fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera), whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), serpentine leafminer (Liriomyza brassicae), tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta), and aphids. For each pest, it provides information on scientific classification, description of life stages and damage, and both non-chemical and chemical control methods. The pests can reduce tomato yields through feeding and damage to leaves, stems, and fruits. Integrated pest management approaches include biological and cultural controls as well as targeted application of insecticides.
This document discusses several major insect pests that damage sorghum crops in India. It describes the sorghum shoot fly (Atherigona soccata) and sorghum stem borer (Chilo partellus) in detail. For the shoot fly, it outlines the life stages, symptoms of damage as dead hearts, and management through early sowing, seed treatment, and insecticide sprays. For the stem borer, it provides information on the adult moth and larvae, symptoms such as dead hearts and tunneling, and integrated pest management practices including intercropping, light traps, and insecticide applications.
The document discusses several major insect pests that damage pigeon pea crops, including Helicoverpa armigera (pod borer), Exelastis atomosa (red plume moth), Phalerata palliata (blister beetle), and Melanagromyza obtusa (red plum pod fly). It describes the identification, damaging stages and symptoms, nature of damage, and management strategies for each pest. The management strategies include cultural, biological and chemical control methods like field sanitation, use of natural enemies, and application of pesticides like neem, phosalone, and spinosad.
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49. Energy Sources ( Production of biodiesel from jatropha) A Series of Prese...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Jatropha is a plant that can be used to produce biodiesel. Mr. Allah Dad Khan, an agriculture consultant and adviser from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, gave a presentation on jatropha production for biodiesel. The presentation discussed using jatropha to produce an alternative fuel source.
47. Energy Sources ( Jatropha oil as bio -diesel ) A Series of Presentation t...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Jatropha oil has potential as a biodiesel source. Mr. Allah Dad Khan, an agriculture consultant and adviser in KPK Pakistan, gave a presentation on jatropha oil as bio diesel. The presentation discussed jatropha oil's viability as an alternative energy source for fuel.
36. Energy sources (Nuclear energy ) A Series of Presentation to Class By Mr...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Nuclear energy is a promising source of clean energy that can help address energy demands and climate change issues. However, it also carries risks from radioactive waste and potential safety issues from accidents that must be carefully managed. Overall, if developed responsibly with strong safety protocols, nuclear power could make an important zero-carbon contribution to the global energy mix.
32. Energy Sources ( Energy sources the fuel) A Series of Presentation to ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
The document discusses various sources of energy, dividing them into conventional and non-conventional sources. Conventional sources include fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and natural gas. These are used in thermal power plants to produce electricity. Hydro power plants use the kinetic energy of flowing water for electricity. Non-conventional sources include solar, wind, biomass, tidal, geothermal and nuclear energy. These provide alternatives to fossil fuels and many are renewable but also have challenges like cost, land use or waste disposal.
17. Energy sources ( Tidal energy waves facts) A Series of Presentation to ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Tidal energy has the potential to be a renewable source of energy. Mr. Allah Dad Khan, an agriculture consultant and adviser in KPK Pakistan, gave a presentation about tidal energy and waves. The presentation provided facts about harnessing the power of tides and waves for energy production.
15. Energy sources ( Fourteen main advantages and disadvantages of tidal en...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Tidal energy is a renewable source of energy that harnesses the power of tides. It has several advantages, including being renewable as tides are driven by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, being a green energy source that doesn't emit greenhouse gases, and having a predictable output. However, tidal energy also has disadvantages such as potentially impacting the environment, only being available when tides are surging for around 10 hours per day so requiring effective energy storage, and being an expensive new technology that is not yet cost-effective.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
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The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
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Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
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Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
4. Codling moth
Damage
• damages quince fruit
directly by boring into fruit.
Larvae either “sting” fruit,
boring only a short distance
into the flesh, or bore into
the core of a fruit and
consume the seed cavity.
Codling moth only develops
between temperatures of
50°F to 88°F.
Mature diapausing codling moth
larvae
5. Twospotted Spider mites
Damage
• appear on fruit leaves at the bottom of the
canopy after warmer weather begins, then
gradually spread throughout the rest of the
canopy. Mites only feed on leaves, but affect
fruit by reducing photosynthesis and
defoliating trees. Pre-harvest defoliation
results in smaller fruit, while postharvest
defoliation can affect the following year’s
fruit. In both cases defoliation can result in a
late fall bloom and dramatically reduce
flowering in the following spring. Twospotted
spider mites can be effectively controlled by
other beneficial insects & mites. If
insecticides are used to prevent other pests
beneficial insect populations can also be
reduced, resulting in spider mite infestations
Spider mite adults and egg.
6. Aphids
Symptoms
• The black and green aphids,
or plant-lice, are often very
troublesome.
Aphids appear in immense
numbers on the young and
tender shoots of trees, and
bysucking their juices check or
enfeeble the growth. They are
the milch-cows of ants, which
are usually found very busy
among them.
Aphids