CURSO: PHILOSOPHY AND EPISTEMOLOGY UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL PEDRO RUIZ GALLO MAESTRIA EN EDUCACION CON MENCION EN DIDACTICAS DEL IDIOMA INGLES DOCENTE : Dr. Wilson Lozano Maestrante : Lic. Lupe Rivera Gonzales

1. QUESTIONNAIRE : LUDWIG WITTGENSTEIN
1.-Who was Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein?
Wittgenstein is considered by many to be the greatest
philosopher of the 20th century. He was born in 1889
in Vienna, Austria, to a wealthy industrial family, well-
situated in intellectual and cultural Viennese circles.
2.- How did Bertrand Russell describe him?
Bertrand Russell, his mentor and colleague, described him as "the most perfect
example he has ever known of genius as traditionally conceived, passionate,
profound, intense, and dominating”.
3.- What was Wittgenstein like?
At the school, Wittgenstein spoke in an upper-class accent, wore very elegant
clothes, and was highly sensitive and extremely unsociable. It was one of his
idiosyncrasies to use the formal form of address with his classmates and to
aggressively demand that they too (with the exception of a single acquaintance)
address him formally, with "Sie" and "Herr Ludwig".
His disposition is that of an artist, intuitive and moody. He says every morning
he begins his work with hope, and every evening he ends in despair.
4.- Where did he study?
In 1908 he began his studies in aeronautical engineering at Manchester
University.
In 1911 he went to Cambridge to study with Bertrand Russell.
During his years in Cambridge, from 1911 to 1913, Wittgenstein conducted
several conversations on philosophy and the foundations of logic with Russell,
with whom he had a good relationship.
5.- What do we know about Wittgenstein ‘s family?
Ludwig grew up in a household that provided an exceptionally intense
environment for artistic and intellectual achievement.

2. His parents were both very musical and all their children were artistically and
intellectually educated.. The family was often visited by composers
His family also had a history of intense self-criticism, to the point of depression
and suicidal tendencies.
Three of his four brothers committed suicide. The eldest of the brothers, Hans—
a child prodigy who started composing at age four—killed himself in April 1902
in Havana, Cuba. The third son, Rudolf, followed in May 1904 in Berlin. Their
brother Kurt shot himself at the end of World War I, in October 1918, when the
Austrian troops he was commanding deserted en masse.
6.- What philosophical school does he belong ?
He belongs to "analytic philosophy". Analytic Philosophy can refer to a tradition
of doing philosophy characterized by an emphasis on clarity and argument,
often achieved via modern formal logic and analysis of language, and a respect
for the natural sciences.
7.- What were the main areas he was interested ?
He worked in the areas of logic, metaphysics philosophy of mathematics,
philosophy of mind, and philosophy of language.
8.- Did he write any book?
Yes, he wrote Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus in (1921) and Philosophical
Investigations (1953). They are considered among the top five most important
books in twentieth-century philosophy.
9.- How is divided Wittgenstein’s thought?
His thought is usually divided between his "early" period, exemplified by the
Tractatus, the only philosophy book he published in his lifetime, and his "later"
period, best articulated in the Investigations.
10.- What does the Tractatus Logic-Philosophical try to explain?
The Tractatus is a complex text, it has diverse readings. In one first reading,
one appears as a book, it tries to explain the operation of the logic showing at
the same time that it is the structure on which our descriptive language rises.

3. (Our science and our world are something that our language and our science
describe)
11.- How does Wittgenstein express his thoughts in his second period ?
While the Tractatus adopted a logical point for the study of the language, this
second Wittgenstein arrives at the conviction of which the suitable point of view
is the pragmatism so, the structures logics of the language are not important,
but to study how the users of a language behave, how we learn to speak and
why it serves to us.
In his Investigations, Wittgenstein maintains that the meaning of the words and
the sense of the proposals are the function of language, its use in the language,
is worth to say, that to ask for the meaning of a word or the sense of a proposal
it is equivalent to ask how it is used.
12.- Who influenced Witgestein’s thought? – Who were influenced by
Witgestein thoughts?
Witgestein thoughts were Influenced by
Frege, Russell, Schopenhauer, Moore, Sraffa, William James, Ramsey,
Kierkegaard, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Hertz, Friedrich Nietzsche, Boltzmann,
Kraus, Weininger, Goethe, Augustine, Spengler
Wittgenstein thoughts Influenced
Russell, Saul Kripke, G. E. M. Anscombe, Norman Malcolm, Rush Rhees,
Gilbert Ryle, P. M. S. Hacker, Vienna Circle, Logical Positivism, Analytic
Philosophy, Ordinary Language Philosophy
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