From the Provincial “I therefore ask Jesuit communities, institutions and ministries to look closely at this matter and discuss it together with our mission partners so as to consider appropriate collective actions…. I encourage further the creation of circles of discernment to pray over and reflect on this contentious issue. I ask our government leaders too to hear not only the cries of drug victims and their families but to restore the rule of law and heed the longings of those who have lost loved ones.”

1. WhynoMoralOutrage?
EXTRA-JUDICIAL KILLINGS
UNDERTHE DUTERTE ADMINISTRATION

2. From Fr. Provincial
“I therefore ask Jesuit communities,
institutions and ministries to look
closely at this matter and discuss it
together with our mission partners so
as to consider appropriate collective
actions…. I encourage further the
creation of circles of discernment to
pray over and reflect on this
contentious issue. I ask our
government leaders too to hear not
only the cries of drug victims and their
families but to restore the rule of law
and heed the longings of those who
have lost loved ones.”

3. Duterte’s Anti-Drug Drive
We will not stop until the last drug
lord, the last financier, and the last
pusher have surrendered or put
behind bars -- or below the ground

4. The Death Toll of the War on Drugs
• 1) Killed during police operations:
alleged drug suspects were killed by
policemen in anti-illegal drug operations
that
reportedly escalated to a shootout

5. • 2) Killed by unidentified assailants:

6. • 3) Bodies found away from the crime scene:
The body either bears
a label tagging them in drug-related activities
or
there are reportedly illegal drugs recovered from the body.
c/o ABS CBN News,War on Drugs

7. 2,956 (as of Sept.11, 2016)
•1,466 KILLING OF SUSPECTED DRUG USERS BY POLICE
•1,490 UNSOLVED KILLINGS
•16,025ARRESTED DUETO DRUG-RELATED ACTIVITIES
• 709,527 SURRENDEREES
• 52,568 suspected drug pushers
• the rest, suspected drug users

8. Q1:Who are the victims?

9. “Janie”, sister of
suspected drug dealer
• Police officers came to his house on August 14 and forced their way
in
• "Handcuffed already, they shot (him in the) head." Janie alleges
they killed three other men with him.
• But, a police report says, her brother
was shot and killed after he opened fire on police.

10. Bimbo, drug pusher
• MANILA, Philippines –When Marites Fernandez realized how
lives of illegal drug users and pushers were at risk with the massive
anti-illegal drugs campaign, she was quick to warn her brother
Eduardo Francisco.
• “Bimbo,” she told him, “Huwag ka nang lalabas kasi napakadelikado.Sunod-
sunod ang patayan. Sabi [nila] lahat ng sumusuko, ganun pala ang ginagawa.”
• (Bimbo, don’t go out because it's very dangerous.There have been
successive killings.They said that’s what they do to those who turn
themselves in.)

11. • Marites, 40, was among those who
surrendered to local authorities
• She did not deny her brother’s involvement
in drugs. She said Francisco only did it
because he had no other means of
providing for his wife and 3 children –
including a 4-month-old baby.
• “Someone – I do not know – gives him
a pack of drugs, which he has to sell to
earn money. He only gets a small
portion of the money, which he
automatically allocates to buy rice for
his family,”

12. • “Basta ang importante sa kanya, makabili siya
ng bigas,” she added. (What’s important for
him is, he is able to buy rice.)
• Bimbo was gunned down by unidentified men
riding a motorcycle on August 23 in Barangay
Rosario, Pasig City. Barangay officials said he
was invited that night to a late dinner at a
nearby tapsihan (eatery) by a police asset.
• Although she is uncertain who the people
behind her brother’s death are, Marites wished
Bimbo was instead arrested.

13. • As the eldest of the siblings, Marites now assists Bimbo's surviving
family by giving them a portion of what she earns from hosting a
small-scale bingo in their barangay.
• “Gusto niya talagang magbago, wala lang siyang magawa, wala
nga siyang pinag-aralan, walang makuhang trabaho."
• (He really wanted to change. He just didn’t have the means to do it
– he was uneducated; he couldn't get a job.)

14. Hired Killer:
Maria’s Story
• In the BBC report, Maria (not her real name) confesses to carrying
out contract killings as part of Mr. Duterte’s brutal campaign
against illegal drugs.
• She is part of a hit team that includes three women, who are
valued because they can get close to their targets without arousing
the same suspicion a man would, according to the BBC’s Jonathan
Head.
• Since Mr. Duterte took office, and urged police and armed civilians
to kill drug dealers who resisted arrest, Maria claims she has killed
five people, shooting them all in the head, bringing her kills to six
after the first job she did two years ago, Head said.

15. • Head said he asked Maria who gave the order for the
hits, and she replied: “Our boss, the police officer.”
• Maria’s husband is also a contract killer for the police and
they earn up to P20,000 per hit, which is shared between
three or four other people whose roles Head does not
describe in the report.

16. • Head said that on the afternoon he met Maria, she and her
husband had been told that their safe house in Manila had been
exposed.They were moving in a hurry.
• According to Head, Maria regrets being a hired killer and
wants to quit after one last job.
• But her boss has threatened to kill anyone who leaves the
team. She feels trapped, Head said.
• The PNP and the Department of Justice have not commented on
the BBC report.
Inquirer, Sept. 2, 2016

17. Law Enforcer: Cop 'kills self'
after motorcyclist's death
• One of two policemen accused of
murdering a motorcycle rider allegedly
committed suicide on Saturday, August 27.
• Highway Patrol Group (HPG) Chief Superintendent Antonio Gardiola Jr confirmed this
in an interview with dzBB on Saturday.
• Police Officer 3 Jeremiah deVilla allegedly jumped from the 3rd
floor of the Philippine National Police Security and Protection Group
(PSPG) headquarters in Camp Crame.
• DeVilla reportedly died at around 9:45 am on Saturday.

18. • Gardiola said DeVilla might have killed himself because of the case
he is facing, according to dzMM.
• DeVilla and Police Officer 2 Jonjie Manon-og have been tagged in
the death of motorcycle rider John dela Riarte.
• DeVilla and Manon-og claimed
that Dela Riarte "twice attempted to
snatch their firearms" after he was
accosted, the Inquirer reported.

19. Dela Riarte "was
arrested last July 29 after he
figured in a road altercation with
another motorist, Eric Fajardo
was handcuffed and
supposed to be taken to Camp
Crame but was shot along the
way

20. Collateral Damage:
Danica May Garcia,
5 yrs. old
• At around noontime that day (Tuesday, Aug. 23, 2016), just after taking a bath,
a stray bullet took Danica's life.
• Gretchen So, Danica’s aunt, said in an interview with Rappler that
on August 23, two motorcyle riders suddenly barged into their
house in Sitio Camanggaan, Barangay Mayombo in Dagupan City,
and began firing away.
• Their apparent target was So's grandfather, Maximo Garcia, 54,
who was eating lunch with his wife, Gemma, and his 3 other grandchildren.
• There were two gunshots at first, followed by relentless shooting.

21. • According to So, Maximo ran to the back of the house where their
makeshift bathroom was located.The gunmen pursued him and
continued firing at him. Danica was stepping out of the bathroom
and got hit.
• So said when she got to the back of the house, Gemma was already
clutching her grandchild's body.The bullet hit Danica's nape and
passed through her right cheek.

22. • Four days before the incident, Maximo had surrendered to
authorities after friends warned him that he was on the
police watch list of drug personalities which includes 4,755
individuals from 1,704 drug-affected barangays in the
province.
• “Nagsurrender po siya kasi ang sabi nila, at ang alam niya,
na safe po siya (He surrendered because they said, and he
knew, he was going to be safe),”
So said.

23. Q2: Is “War on Drugs” the proper term?
• The term “War” legitimizes casualties of war or collateral damage
• “Collateral damage is a general term for deaths, injuries, or other
damage inflicted on an unintended target. In military terminology,
it is frequently used for the incidental killing or wounding of non-
combatants or damage to non-combatant property during an
attack on a legitimate military target.”

24. Socioeconomic Planning
Secretary Ernesto Pernia
• “We should also try to get the view of others who approve of
what’s happening and see it as … maybe a necessary
evil … in the pursuit of greater good,” Pernia told a news
briefing.
• Pressed to elaborate, he said the killings of drug personalities could
be “a byproduct of you know … self-defense thing,”
which, he said, was “legitimate.”

25. • Is Sec. Pernia advocating the dictum, “The end justifies the
means”?That the death of innocent civilians like Danica May
Garcia is justified in a war?

26. Q1b: And what about the other “Wars”?

27. Q3: Are EJK’s State-Sanctioned?

28. Duterte: Extra Judicial Killings
not state-sanctioned
• President Duterte does not tolerate extrajudicial killings of drug
suspects and has already ordered an investigation into these incidents,
Malacañang assured the United Nations (UN) on Friday.
• After two UN experts called the government attention to stop the
unlawful killings, Presidential Spokesman Ernesto Abella said it was
“unfair” to insinuate that these deaths were sanctioned by the
President.
• “The President has repeatedly said that he does not
tolerate extrajudicial killings, nor is it policy,” Abella said in a
statement.
Manila Bulletin, Aug. 19, 2016

29. The Case of Alleged Iloilo
Drug Lords:
Melvin and Meriam Odicta
• The lawyer of the Melvin Odicta was on the phone with the Iloilo
businessman’s wife Meriam a few minutes before they alighted the roll-
on roll-off vessel early on Monday at the Caticlan Port in Aklan Province.
• Lawyer Gualberto Cataluña said the Odicta couple were asking him to
fetch them there. But beforeCataluña could enter the port terminal,
unidentified assailants gunned down Melvin and
Meriam while they were walking at the walkway
around 1:30 a.m.

30. • “Hindi na namin sila inabutan dahil pagbaba na pagbaba ng barko,
doon na binaril ang mag-asawa pero hindi kaagad napuruhan si
Melvin. ‘Yung asawa tinamaan dalawang beses sa likod,
tapos si Melvin, tinamaan sa paa. Tumawag pa sa akin, sabi
kung pwede pumasok kami doon para sunduin namin sila. Ang
problema noong papunta na kami doon, kinordon na buong area.
Walang makakapasok na,” the lawyer said.

31. • From afar, the lawyer saw Melvin in
handcuffs being escorted inside a police patrol car.
• Police then brought the couple to the Malay District Hospital but
were declared dead by the attending physician
• “Si Melvin nakita pa namin na nakatayo, dumaan pa pero hindi
namin makausap. Nakita namin dumaan naka-posas pinasok sa
sasakyan.Tapos dinala ng hospital. Pumunta kami sa Kalibo pero
‘yon pala dinala sa Malay hospital. So noong bumalik kami sa
Malay, patay na silang dalawa.Tinanong namin ‘yong doctor,
dead on arrival na raw,” he said.

32. Gov’t Investigations
• “The President therefore decries the
attribution of killings to the Philippine
government.This is simply unfair,
especially to the hardworking men and women in uniform who risk their
lives and limbs to win the war against drugs,” he said.
• Abella said the President has already assigned the National Police
Commission to conduct an investigation on reports that some
suspects “may have been salvaged or killed by vigilantes or by
mistake.”
• “The nature of a number of deaths though imply internecine, or
organizational killings within the drug trade,” he said.
Manila Bulletin, Aug. 19, 2016

33. BATO,
“We are not perfect”
there
was no shoot to kill order
We admit we make mistakes, we are not perfect
• Dela Rosa said that about 300 of his officers were
suspected of involvement in the drug trade and would be
relieved

34. Q4: Can a war on supply of illegal drugs
eliminate the drug problem?

35. Two Approaches to the Drug Problem
• 1) President Rodrigo Duterte is pursuing an aggressive
drug war that aims to reduce the supply of illegal
drugs entering and circulating in the country.
• 2) Some – likeVice President Leni Robredo – advocate
alternative measures such as rehabilitation and
education among the youth to curb the demand
for drugs.

36. Does supply
reduction work?
• the traditional way of tackling illegal drugs:
by limiting its supply through prohibition.
This immediately creates a shortage that
raises its price in the black market.
• Indeed, reports show that the Duterte drug
war has already raised drug prices in
certain areas. In Manila, one report said
that the price of shabu has “doubled
because of the drug war”. In Central
Visayas, the PDEA reported that as of
September 1 the price of shabu has risen
from P1,500/gram to P6,500/gram because
of the intensified crackdowns.

37. • However, drugs are addicting. So
even if they become much more
expensive, this will not make a
proportional dent on the quantity
of drugs demanded by users.
• Several empirical studies have
shown this to be true. Estimates
vary, but a 2006 study co-written
by Nobel Prize winner Gary Becker
found that, on average, for every
increase in the price of drugs (say,
10%), drug purchases tend to
decrease only by half that
magnitude (in this case, 5%).

38. • So when a government imposes a prohibition that reduces supply,
drug suppliers sell more or less the same quantity as before, but at
higher prices.This often leads to even larger drug sales and revenues
than before.
• This combo of higher prices and
revenues allows drug suppliers
access to larger stashes of cash
which they can spend on more
manpower, weapons, bribes, etc
– all of which only serve to expand
their operations and escalate
overall violence.

39. • In the US, which has waged an intensive drug war since the 1970s.
more than 40 years have elapsed and a trillion dollars have been
spent since the war started.Yet drug cartels are larger than ever
and continue to earn billions of dollars that they invest in R&D and
expensive equipment like giant catapults and “narco-submarines”.
• Therefore, a drug war that focuses disproportionately on supply
reduction tends to strengthen and enrich – rather than weaken and
impoverish – the operations of drug suppliers.

40. War on Drugs Raises Prices of Illegal
Drugs • CAGAYAN, Philippines –The war on
drugs has pushed up the street value of
methamphetamine hydrochloride or
“shabu” in the CagayanValley region, a
Philippine Drug EnforcementAgency
(PDEA) official said.
• Citing an intelligence report, PDEA
Regional Director Laurefel Gabales said
the street price of shabu has increased by
around 25% to 40%, or to P4,000 to
P5,000 from P3,000 per gram due to
scarcity of supply following the
government's crackdown on illegal drugs.
JC Punungbayan
Rappler, Sept. 10, 2016

41. War on Drugs
Scarcity of Illegal Drugs
Rise in Prices of Illegal Drugs
Which benefits Drug Syndicates
Produce less
Earn as much or even more
More efficient operations

42. Does demand reduction work?
• Education and prevention campaigns
among the youth, or rehabilitation
among drug users, eventually lead to a
surplus of illegal drugs in the market.
• In 2017, for example, the US is proposing
to spend more on demand reduction
than supply reduction for the very first
time since their drug war started ...
Similarly, a number of governments in
historically drug-ridden countries in Latin
America – including Colombia, Ecuador,
Guatemala, and Uruguay – are also
rethinking their approach to drugs.

43. Church’s complicity in the Drug Menace
•Lack of or Absence of Drug Education in our
Parishes and Schools

44. Q5: Do we have adequate Rehabilitation
Centers and Educational Programs?
• Health officials onThursday admitted the severe
lack of rehabilitation centers for the hundreds of
thousands of drug suspects who had been opting to
surrender as the administration of President Rodrigo
Duterte pursued its fierce war against drugs.
• In a Senate hearing on the drug problem, Health
Undersecretary Elmer Punzalan said there were only
44 drug rehabilitation centers across the
country—just 15 of them public—now operating
as throngs of drug dependents were coming forward
to the police.

45. • “It’s different this time.We call it an influx. Now, those
surrendering are coming in by the thousands. Our rehabilitation
centers are crowded,” Punzalan said, responding to lawmakers’
queries on the capacity of government to respond to the flood of
surrenders.
• He said a total of 600,000 drug dependents by far had surrendered
since President Duterte waged his all-out war, of whom nine
percent—or 54,000—were determined to be in
need of confinement in a rehabilitation center.

46. • This while the total number of rehabilitation centers in the country
could only take care of 5,000 patients in all.
• “So kulang na kulang,” Punzalan said.

47. CHURCH RESPONSES

48. CARD.TAGLE, “Denounce
all forms of killings”
all forms of killings should be
denounced.
we should be worried too about
abortion

49. CARD.TAGLE
another form of killing was
wasting food, forcing poor people to pick it in the
trash and feed it to their families
each and every life should be held
sacred
if one is
guilty, he should be given a chance to change

50. ARCH. SOC: “We will resist
moral wrong”
stand up against
what is morally wrong and uphold the Church’s
teachings
We will stand and defend every person’s life and
dignity

51. ARCH. SOC, “the killings
continue…indifference…is spreading”
“prayer for healing of the nation”
• “The killings continue to rise.The divisions seem to widen even
more.The indifference to the violations of the Commandments of
God is spreading. We must not give up,”

52. AMRSP
• “We express our full support for the government’s serious crusade
against the problem of illegal drugs in our country. We admire the
leadership that the President has taken in this campaign and the
determination of the people under him in working to rid our society of
such menace.
• “Nevertheless, we are alarmed at the continued extrajudicial killings,
which seem to go unchecked, without trial or investigation.
• “We are alarmed at the silence of the government, groups, and majority
of the people in the face of these killings. Ubi boni tacent malum
prosperat. Evil prospers where good men are silent. Is this lack of public
outcry a tacit approval of what is happening? Is it fear that prevents
people from speaking out?Whatever the reason, this problem, if it
remains unchecked, leads to a culture of impunity.

53. • We demand that the concerned government agencies continue
apprehending those involved in drug trafficking but avoiding
extrajudicial killings, and pursue and apprehend vigilantes who carry out
such illegal actions.
• As men and women of consecrated life, we commit ourselves to the
following:
• 1. For our communities, parishes, apostolates and educational
institutions to study, reflect on and act on these unabated killings.
• 2.To care for the violated, the orphaned and the widowed through
counseling, sharing and integration with Gospel values.
• 3.To stand with people of other faiths and other beliefs in the
inviolability and sacredness of life. In theYear of Mercy, let our humanity
and compassion reach those who are the least and the powerless.

54. • 4.To recognize that the drug problem is a complex and deeply-
emotional issue that needs to be addressed holistically, with great
understanding and compassion for both victim and perpetrator for we
are all dehumanized by this culture of death.
• 5.To recognize and support the need for reforms in the criminal justice
system and the need for rehabilitation for drug dependents.We need to
weed out the corrupt in our security forces as well as in the prosecution
service as well as the judiciary.The drug menace is an intricate web of
corruption and patronage that feeds on the insatiable desire of people
for profit.
• 6.To hold Masses and prayer vigils for peace and justice in the affected
communities.
• 7. For the bells to toll at a designated hour in solidarity with the poor and
in upholding the sacredness of life.

55. UNITED METHODIST CHURCH
• The Manila Episcopal Area ofThe United Methodist Church
believes in the establishment and development of a just and
humane society where peace, justice and love reign.
• We fully reject all careless, callous, or discriminatory enforcement
of law
• We denounce retributive justice but uphold restorative justice
that seeks to hold the offender accountable to the victimized
person, and to the disrupted community.Through God’s
transforming power, restorative justice seeks to repair the damage,
right the wrong, and bring healing to all involved, including the
victim, the offender, the families, and the community.

56. Fr. Amado Picardal, CCsR
there is no
moral outcry
Others are quiet or they approve of it, the thing is
justified until a member of their family is included
I think there is
madness happening in our country today

57. FOR REFLECTION
THREEVALID CHURCH RESPONSESTOTHE STATE
(Dan Harrington, S.J.)
• COOPERATION (Titus 3:1-2)
• CRITICAL COLLABORATION (Mt. 22:15-22)
• DENUNCIATION (Rev. 6:9-10)

58. 1. COOPERATION (Titus 3:1-2)
Paul toTitus and his community:
Remind them to be under the control of magistrates and
authorities,* to be obedient, to be open to every good
enterprise.a2They are to slander no one, to be peaceable,
considerate, exercising all graciousness toward everyone.3For we
ourselves were once foolish, disobedient, deluded, slaves to various
desires and pleasures, living in malice and envy, hateful ourselves
and hating one another.

59. 2. CRITICAL COLLABORATION
(Mt. 22:15-22)
Jesus on PayingTaxes to the Emperor:

60. 3. DENUNCIATION (Rev. 6:9-10)
John of Patmos to the Persecuted Christian Churches:

61. FOR REFLECTION & SHARING
my reactions anti-drug drive
extra-judicial killings (Attitudes)
me (Behavioral
Response)
as an institution
(Collective Response)
• Cooperate?
• CriticallyCollaborate?
• Denounce?

62. LORD, HEAL OUR LAND
ALL: Father of endless mercy, we come to you,
a people wounded and torn by issues that have divided
us into opposing, bickering, quarreling and even hating
factions.

63. R:We beg you for unity; we ask for healing;
we beseech you to forgive our sins and restore to our
land the joy and the peace that you alone can give.
L:Teach us once more the wisdom of the Scriptures:
that the help of man is vain and that our strength is
not in princes, but inYou.

64. R:We pray for the leaders of our nation. Let them
acknowledge your sovereignty, so that they may
render due homage to your image that is in all. Send
your Spirit so that the miracle of Pentecost by which all
understood each other may prevail over the Babel by
which our leaders slur and embarrass one another.

65. L: Let tongues of Divine fire settle on them as they
did on the apostles so that their words may be words
of peace, joy, truth and love.There is so much hatred,
Father, and hatred always kills!

66. R:We pray that you purge our country of crime,
particularly the heinous crimes of drug-dealing
and the endemic corruption that impoverishes our
nation.
But grant us too the wisdom to recognize
that these evils have their roots in all our hearts:
in our envy, greed, avarice and implacable desire for
even more.

67. L: But have pity too on those who have lost their lives
in the present purge. We pray for them, because all
life is precious in your sight, and no man or woman is
ever so unworthy of the redemption that your Son
brought us all! Console their families and show their
children the paths of righteousness
–as you alone can judge and teach what is righteous!

68. ALL: Finally, we pray for your Church that it may be
true to its prophetic vocation, for it is when times our
difficult and trying that you ask your Church to be
the servant of the nation by speakingYourWord. Let
not our fear and trepidation overcome the zeal for
your house and your truth that should consume us.

69. ALL:We know our sins. We our humbled by our
failings. But we are also aware that when the
prophets of old pleaded to you their sinfulness, you
commanded them anyway to proclaim what you
wanted proclaimed reminding them that it was not
their word that they were to announce but yours.

70. ALL: Forgive our sins in the Church and make us
strong in your service so that we may continue to be
salt of the earth and light of the world. Long ago, the
woman of Galilee whom you chose to be the Mother
ofYour Son asked Juan Diego: “Am I not your
mother?” To our Mother’s prayers then, in this hour
of need, we entrust ourselves. From her we draw
inspiration to be the faithful bearers of the image
ofYour Son that you called us and set us apart to be.
AMEN