Walkability became one of the important aspects of new urbanism. Increase in the numbers of the vehicle
on the road creating a havoc situation for society. It is also polluting our environment. Enhancing walkability wit in a city or in a neighborhood became a challenge for the city developer. There is no proper way established by which we can identified the street those need improvement in the street and we have also not established the parameter by which walkability can be improved in an area. In this paper parameter has been identified which can help in improving the walkability of Indian street. Both qualitative and quantitative parameters have been listed down and all are converted into numerical value so we can quantify the quality of walkability in an area for the calculation of the walkability in existing scenario. By the help of this method we can improve walkability of any area.
Following the 2008 "Re-imaging Cities: Urban Design After the Age of Oil symposium, Penn IUR solicited manuscripts on environmental and energy challenges and their effect on the redesign of urban environments.
Project for Public Spaces - Streets as Placesmetroplanning
Fred Kent of Project for Public Spaces (pps.org) made this presentation on streets as places in Chicago on March 15, 2007. Contact PPS to invite him to speak in your city.
Place qualities - section 3 intro to urban design and placemakingPlacefocus
This PPT discusses the qualities of the places we like. Most of the cherished and highly valued places in Australia, as well as other parts of the world, share key characteristics or 'Place Qualities'. More information available at http://www.placefocus.com/Place-Qualities/place-qualities.html
You can buy a copy of our manual or enrol in an on-line course at http://placefocus.com/Shop/placefocus-shop.html
Following the 2008 "Re-imaging Cities: Urban Design After the Age of Oil symposium, Penn IUR solicited manuscripts on environmental and energy challenges and their effect on the redesign of urban environments.
Project for Public Spaces - Streets as Placesmetroplanning
Fred Kent of Project for Public Spaces (pps.org) made this presentation on streets as places in Chicago on March 15, 2007. Contact PPS to invite him to speak in your city.
Place qualities - section 3 intro to urban design and placemakingPlacefocus
This PPT discusses the qualities of the places we like. Most of the cherished and highly valued places in Australia, as well as other parts of the world, share key characteristics or 'Place Qualities'. More information available at http://www.placefocus.com/Place-Qualities/place-qualities.html
You can buy a copy of our manual or enrol in an on-line course at http://placefocus.com/Shop/placefocus-shop.html
A series of free workshops exploring the importance design plays in fostering the image of a place, from public policy to individual development projects, and from community-scale efforts to design details.
Responsive architecture aim to refine and extend the discipline of architecture by improving the energy performance of buildings with responsive technologies (sensors / control systems / actuators) while also producing buildings that reflect the technological and cultural conditions of our time
Adaptation as a process has been conceived in various disciplines with similar approach and goals.
This definition offers a direct translation into architectural conceptualization. We can consider the building to be a system which adapts its behaviour to information acquired about its users.
Information external to the building (system) could also be integrated into the process, for example weather data, energy prices, demands of neighbouring buildings, etc.
Adaptive Architecture thus has the capability to respond to a number of parameters with time.
Time is an integral factor driving adaptation in architecture. Thus adaptive architecture can be said to be Responsive Architecture evolving with time.
Entry and the seating spaces are a major driving force for any public realm whether at large or a small scale. The sensing of space in this context is only possible if the applied spaces fit to the context of the public desire
MOVE Congress 2019 presentation by Hans Karssenberg Stipo, in the track 'Redefining an active lifestyle with MOVEment Spaces and Placemaking' on 17 October.
The newly released book Sustainable Urban Environments - An Ecosystem Approach ‘helps the reader grasp opportunities for integration of knowledge and technologies in the design, construction and management of the built environment.’ In the first edition of the Delft Environment Initiative Lecture Series on 21-09-2011 several contributors to Sustainable Urban Environments discussed their views on the most pressing challenges facing us in the urban environment today and how they should be integrated in education. These are the slides accompanying the ‘elevator pitches’ they gave. http://home.tudelft.nl/en/research/environment/mini-symposium-sustainable-urban-environments/
Placemaking: Building our Cities around placesPriya Vakil
ThinkPhi is on a journey to build cities that are healthy and sustainable. We are doing this by using Placemaking - a design philosophy that explores how spaces in a community can be better utilised.
And this is philosophy, we constantly use when having discussion on helping design sustainable cities.
“public space or a public place is a place where anyone has a right to come without being excluded because economic or social conditions (fees, paying an entrance, being poor, ...).”
Let your website do the work: create a viewbook from your online contentMarc-Olivier Ouellet
Does your team spend an awful lot of time creating the school viewbook every year? Do you still print thousands of copies of it? If yes, then watch this presentation and discover another way to do it! Learn why the Universite of Montreal decided to move away from an offline publication to an online, dynamic and personalized viewbook. We will show you the necessary steps to create such powerful tool in your organization. From identifying, collecting and storing your content, to building your database and website, you will discover how UdeM did it. Change the way you distribute your viewbook and start a real dialogue with those interested in reading it.
PRIDICTION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CEMENT BY USING REGRESSION TECHNIQUE WI...civej
This paper presents the comparison of results i.e., (compressive strength of cement) by the experimental
study and Regression model to evaluate the possibility of utilizing the hylam powder as a partial
replacement in cement mortar. The remarkable increase in the production of hylam and its disposal in an
ecofriendly manner is increasingly becoming a matter of global concern. Hylam powder is a waste
produced from hylam sheets at the time of fabrication (Cutting, Making holes and polishing process) is
used as a partial replacement in cement. A total 63cement cube were casted and tested for 3,7& 28days of
seven mortar mix (i.e. 0%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13% & 15% of Hylam powder was replaced by weight of
cement). The results show that incorporation of the hylam powder yields to the increase of strength at the
age (28 days) in comparison with that of a control mortar.
A series of free workshops exploring the importance design plays in fostering the image of a place, from public policy to individual development projects, and from community-scale efforts to design details.
Responsive architecture aim to refine and extend the discipline of architecture by improving the energy performance of buildings with responsive technologies (sensors / control systems / actuators) while also producing buildings that reflect the technological and cultural conditions of our time
Adaptation as a process has been conceived in various disciplines with similar approach and goals.
This definition offers a direct translation into architectural conceptualization. We can consider the building to be a system which adapts its behaviour to information acquired about its users.
Information external to the building (system) could also be integrated into the process, for example weather data, energy prices, demands of neighbouring buildings, etc.
Adaptive Architecture thus has the capability to respond to a number of parameters with time.
Time is an integral factor driving adaptation in architecture. Thus adaptive architecture can be said to be Responsive Architecture evolving with time.
Entry and the seating spaces are a major driving force for any public realm whether at large or a small scale. The sensing of space in this context is only possible if the applied spaces fit to the context of the public desire
MOVE Congress 2019 presentation by Hans Karssenberg Stipo, in the track 'Redefining an active lifestyle with MOVEment Spaces and Placemaking' on 17 October.
The newly released book Sustainable Urban Environments - An Ecosystem Approach ‘helps the reader grasp opportunities for integration of knowledge and technologies in the design, construction and management of the built environment.’ In the first edition of the Delft Environment Initiative Lecture Series on 21-09-2011 several contributors to Sustainable Urban Environments discussed their views on the most pressing challenges facing us in the urban environment today and how they should be integrated in education. These are the slides accompanying the ‘elevator pitches’ they gave. http://home.tudelft.nl/en/research/environment/mini-symposium-sustainable-urban-environments/
Placemaking: Building our Cities around placesPriya Vakil
ThinkPhi is on a journey to build cities that are healthy and sustainable. We are doing this by using Placemaking - a design philosophy that explores how spaces in a community can be better utilised.
And this is philosophy, we constantly use when having discussion on helping design sustainable cities.
“public space or a public place is a place where anyone has a right to come without being excluded because economic or social conditions (fees, paying an entrance, being poor, ...).”
Let your website do the work: create a viewbook from your online contentMarc-Olivier Ouellet
Does your team spend an awful lot of time creating the school viewbook every year? Do you still print thousands of copies of it? If yes, then watch this presentation and discover another way to do it! Learn why the Universite of Montreal decided to move away from an offline publication to an online, dynamic and personalized viewbook. We will show you the necessary steps to create such powerful tool in your organization. From identifying, collecting and storing your content, to building your database and website, you will discover how UdeM did it. Change the way you distribute your viewbook and start a real dialogue with those interested in reading it.
PRIDICTION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CEMENT BY USING REGRESSION TECHNIQUE WI...civej
This paper presents the comparison of results i.e., (compressive strength of cement) by the experimental
study and Regression model to evaluate the possibility of utilizing the hylam powder as a partial
replacement in cement mortar. The remarkable increase in the production of hylam and its disposal in an
ecofriendly manner is increasingly becoming a matter of global concern. Hylam powder is a waste
produced from hylam sheets at the time of fabrication (Cutting, Making holes and polishing process) is
used as a partial replacement in cement. A total 63cement cube were casted and tested for 3,7& 28days of
seven mortar mix (i.e. 0%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 13% & 15% of Hylam powder was replaced by weight of
cement). The results show that incorporation of the hylam powder yields to the increase of strength at the
age (28 days) in comparison with that of a control mortar.
CORRELATION BETWEEN AGGREGATE-TOAGGREGATE CONTACT AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES O...civej
The mechanical properties of hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixture are directly related to the internal structure. Earlier studies have suggested that aggregate-to-aggregate contact maybe a significant contributor to the mechanical properties of HMA mixes. In this study, the mechanical properties of HMA mixture, quantified by Marshall Stability, Flow and Marshall Quotient, were related to the internal structure in terms of aggregate-to-aggregate contact. For development of a model, field core samples were taken from Binder and Topeka layers at different sites. A total of 21 different HMA mixes were obtained.
An advanced 2-dimensional Image Processing and Analysis System (i.e., iPas) was used to characterize the
internal structure of the cores. The test results indicated that there is a strong correlation between aggregate-to-aggregate contact and mechanical properties of HMA mixture. This is an indication that aggregate-to-aggregate contactis a significant contributor to the mechanical properties of asphalt concrete.
CULTIVATION OF OSCILLATORIA SP IN DAIRY WASTE WATER IN TWO STAGE PHOTO BIOREA...civej
This paper presents an integrated approach to cultivate microalgae in dairy wastewater and to
investigate the capability of the organism for biodiesel production. The present study was carried out
using tolerant strains of microalgae collected from dairy effluent treatment plant, Kochi. Selected blue
green algal strains were mass cultured in the laboratory and acclimatized using different concentrations
of synthetic effluent. Blue green algal filaments were immobilized inside the primary and secondary
photobioreactors. The experiment was conducted in two stages including batch and continuous
treatment. The stage 1 of the experiment was designed for the reduction of physical impurities and the
nutrients. Stage 2 was designed mainly for the cultivation of blue green algae in dairy waste water by
utilizing the extra nutrients . Reduction of 94 -99.5% in phosphate was observed after 48 h of treatment
in the primary and secondary photobioreactors. The level of phosphate, total hardness, ammoniacal
nitrogen in the MSE was reduced by 97%,93 %, 81% respectively. BOD was reduced to 370mg L-1 from
1500 mg L-1 after 48 hrs of treatment in the primary reactor. COD was reduced to 85 mg L -1 from an
initial value of 1500 mg L -1 from medium strength effluent (MSE) and 90-95 % removal of COD was
also obtained from high strength effluent(HSE) during the study period. Biomass developed within the
reactor was harvested at every 15 days intervals from the secondary reactor and analyzed for lipids and
fattyacids. Presence of C14:0, C16:0,C18:0, C18:1 and C18:2 fatty acids strongly supports its abilility for
biodiesel production.
Take control of your recruitment efforts by adding powerful tools to your web...Marc-Olivier Ouellet
Do you have a lot of visitors on your website, but wish that you could identify those with the most potential, interact with them in a personalized manner and convince them to submit an application? Do you dream to have a way to know if your presence in school fairs really worth it? If yes, then watch this presentation! Learn how the Université de Montréal improved its website to better accompany prospective students and to measure its recruitment efforts. You will learn how to add powerful features, such as Login with Facebook, to gather information about your visitors beyond what you know from Google Analytics. Discover what strategies can be implemented to put this new information to work, and how you can master every step of your recruiting funnel, with good old Excel and without the use of proprietary systems and expensive CRM.
REHABILITATION/RETROFITING OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES ALONG WITH CASE STUDYcivej
The construction material mainly concrete is being used extensively for various types of construction
projects. However, the deterioration of Reinforced Concrete structures is recognized as a major problem
worldwide. Apart from requiring regular maintenance, many structures require extensive
Repair/Rehabilitation/Retrofitting. Over a period of time, as these structures become older, we find in them
certain degradation or deterioration with resultant distress manifested in the form of cracking, splitting,
delaminating, corrosion etc. Such deteriorated structures can be rehabilitated and retrofitted by using
various types of admixtures & modern repair materials. The paper brings out the present state of concrete
structures & the major areas where improvement is needed during its service life stage for sustainable
development & also the method of carrying out Repair/Rehabilitation/Retrofitting.This has been brought in
details in the paper along with Case study, where the Author of the paper was directly involved in planning
and execution of job.
ELECTRO DIALYSIS FOR THE DESALINATION OF BACKWATERS IN KERALAcivej
With the declining freshwater source and increase in demand for the potable water need of desalination
have increased. The electrodialysis can be put as an economic substitute for the desalination of the
brackish water. This paper deals with the assessment of the effect contaminants in the desalination of
natural brackish water using electrodialysis. The contaminants studied were Boron, Sulfate and
Magnesium in the presence of chloride. The study was based on the function of pH at a constant voltage
of 11 V. Magnesium, Chloride, and Sulfate was not affected by the pH variations and was removed to an
efficiency of 94%, 95%, and 74% respectively. But the boron was not removed in neutral pH and showed
a removal efficiency of 41% at pH 10 in an hour. There was significant interference in the removal of the
Chloride ion and Sulfate ion.
The Hotel Marketing Benchmark is back. This is our 7th edition, now published under a new name and totally independent. Due to the success of our prior benchmarks we've decided to relaunch them under a new brand and look.
The purpose of these benchmarks is to provide a short recap of the new technologies and inspiring (and helpful) hotel and travel marketing campaigns that we've noticed from around the world. A short summary for busy hotel marketing people to get inspired in a few minutes. We hope they help you and that you find them as interesting as we find making them.
Hotel Marketing Benchmark #10 - Virtual reality, Chatbots, AI, hotel industry...HotelMarketingNews
The 10th edition of the Hotel Marketing Benchmark covers recent updates, new marketing technologies, some opinions about the shifts happening in the hotel marketing industry. We've gathered some great and fun marketing initiatives of the last few month and highlight some of the future technology trends we expect will soon come to be game changers in the industry.
There is a lot happening now, the industry seems to be on a threshold shifting from the big disruption of the last decade into a new disruptive trend in the coming decade.
Will hotels be at the forefront of that shift? These are questions we always ask ourselves. After so many changes in the last few years it is time to get ahead of change rather than just following what has happened in the past.
We hope you enjoy the read.
Analyzing the indicators walkability of cities, in order to improving urban ...IJMER
Urban design is a technique and knowledge seeking to organize and improve urban qualities and increase the quality of citizenship life. Based on the perspectives and objectives of urban design, the dominant intention in all urbanism activities is to reach high humanistic and social dimensions. In fact, what give meaning to a city are the social aspects raised in recent urban activities, in addition to the physical and visual body of it. Over the past decade the quality of the walking environment has become
a significant factor in transportation planning and design in developed countries. It is argued that the pedestrians’ environment has been ignored in favors of automobile. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of walkability on property values and investment returns. Research method is descriptive. The method of collected data is field. Also, were used questionnaire tools in order to
collecting data. On the other hand, was referred to municipality 9 region due to, studied area was located in this urban region. In continue, was used SWOT technique in order to analyzing questionnaire. At finally, proposed
strategies in order to improving urban space qualif
Analyzing the indicators walkability of cities, in order to improving urban v...IJMER
Urban design is a technique and knowledge seeking to organize and improve urban qualities
and increase the quality of citizenship life. Based on the perspectives and objectives of urban design, the
dominant intention in all urbanism activities is to reach high humanistic and social dimensions. In fact,
what give meaning to a city are the social aspects raised in recent urban activities, in addition to the
physical and visual body of it. Over the past decade the quality of the walking environment has become
a significant factor in transportation planning and design in developed countries. It is argued that the
pedestrians’ environment has been ignored in favors of automobile. The purpose of this study was to
examine the effects of walkability on property values and investment returns. Research method is
descriptive. The method of collected data is field. Also, were used questionnaire tools in order to
collecting data. On the other hand, was referred to municipality 9 region due to, studied area was
located in this urban region.
In continue, was used SWOT technique in order to analyzing questionnaire. At finally, proposed
strategies in order to improving urban space qualify.
An Urban Design Approach to a Sustainable Compact City in New Growth Potentia...drboon
Existence of Cities always depends on the region for the resources-land, food, water, energy or maybe cheap labor. The resource base is vital for the survival of the cities. With increasing urban sprawl there is a great impact on the future of cities and their sustenance. The primary intent of the study is to demonstrate an Urban Design approach towards a sustainable compact urban model in new growth potential areas (case of Cyberabad, Hyderabad, India) as a means to counteract city’s faceless sprawl and environmental degradation by generating compact high density, low energy, mixed-use living and integrating it with the existing city fabric reducing the ecological footprint for future generations. As the selected site offers good natural features, ecologically sensitive areas of the site i.e. Steep slope areas, catchment channels and climatically unsuitable areas from the open space system of the development. The sustainable compact city design approach balances the environmental loads and the growth of city saving resources, conserving energy and enhancing the quality of life.
A B S T R A C T
The study aimed to answer the question of how pedestrianisation can influence walkability to increasing physical activity vitality and livability of urban spaces. Therefore, after the theoretical understanding of the framework of the research, the study will focus on experimental research on the Salamis rode of Famagusta to assess the problems of walkability in the street to propose a sustainable and human friendly solution for this area. The main aim of the research is to find what is the interrelation between pedestrianisation in public urban spaces and walkability? Therefore, it concludes that walkability as a part of pedestrianisation scheme will lead to increase the quality of the urban environment by increasing safety and organization in urban infra-instructors.
CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2018) 2(1), 102-112. Doi: 10.25034/ijcua.2018.3666
www.ijcua.com
Urban Landscape Elements slides for Sustainable Urban Landscape Design course.
Master Sustainable Urban Design, Razak Faculty, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Urban spaces reflect the reality of city life, like a mirror. This research aims to examine and analyze the advanced aesthetic, functional, and environmental performance of urban public spaces by assessing the current situation and highlighting the role of creativity in developing these spaces. To clarify the research scope, Şişhane Park in İstanbul, Turkey was studied to define the requirements of creative standards, evaluate these competencies and choose the appropriate architectural style and urban furniture. In addition, to learn ways of preserving those elements for longer life. The analytical descriptive approach was the research method utilized in order to arrive at a set of results that ascertain the reality of the aesthetic, functional, and environmental performance of urban public spaces, and the reflection of the contemporary role in developing these spaces, which can contribute to addressing weaknesses and bolster the strength points in the formation of public urban spaces around the world.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2020), 4(2), 67-86.
https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2020.v4n2-7
www.ijcua.com
Elementary & Auxiliary Strategies Imparting Smartness to a cityAntara Nandy
The buzz word smart-city has gained momentum in the recent few months owing to the nation-wide programs launched by the Indian government. According to the sources, a smart city is defined as a city that provides all the modern facilities to ease the lifestyle of the people. Further, it must ensure the safety of the environment and conserve energy and other natural resources. This paper presents a comprehensive report on the elements and strategies that need to be implemented for a city to be considered as a smart city. It contains a report on the various futuristic plans and measures that the Indian government has formulated to turn the concept of smart cities into reality. The paper also intends to describe the roles and responsibilities of the various stakeholders in the actualization of the smart cities.
Drawing Futures Together. Diagrams for the Design of Scenarios of Liveable Ci...serena pollastri
Presentation for RSD3 symposium - October 2014, AHO Oslo.
Proceedings will soon be available here: http://systemic-design.net/
Abstract:
This work introduces an ongoing research project that seeks to develop appropriate visual techniques for the design of future scenarios that are able to capture interdependencies within and across different systems. These design methods are being explored as part of a wider research on the future of cities and sustainable urban living.
The issue of cities as complex systems has been explored by a considerable amount of literature, across different disciplines (for example, Simmel, 1971; Lynch, 1960; Jacobs, 1992; Abrams and Hall, 2004). Cities are not only defined by buildings and infrastructure, but also by the material and immaterial flows generated by the activities that take place in the urban environment, as well as the personal experience of its inhabitants
Environmental, social, and economic challenges call for actions of radical interventions in modern urban areas. In order to be truly sustainable these actions must be collaboratively developed in trans-disciplinary sessions. Here, people from various backgrounds and with different interests explore alternative solutions, find a common ground and plan concrete actions towards a desirable future (Holman et al., 2007).
One of the challenges of this approach is to find effective ways to visualize how individual solutions impact on the context in which they are implemented, and how they relate to each other. There is a need to develop “means for drawing things together” (Bruno Latour, 2008), a common language to describe complexity and allow hidden interdependencies to emerge. The field of information visualization is rich with examples of how diagrams can be used to describe a complex matter by focusing primarily on the relations between different sets of qualitative and quantitative data. Drawing on Deleuze philosophical interpretation, Scagnetti (2007) describes diagrams as “operating devices able to reveal weak links among the elements of the system, and to show the driving forces that can facilitate (or hinder) a design intervention.” In this context diagrams are processes rather than finished products: they are working tools for design and decision making.
This paper describes how this diagrammatic approach to city visualization is being adopted in different case studies, and as part of the Liveable Cities project.
Liveable Cities is an interdisciplinary research project that aims to develop a method of designing and engineering low-carbon, resource-secure UK cities that do not compromise on individual and collective wellbeing. Different areas of the project are investigated by research teams at Lancaster University, University of Southampton, UCL, and Birmingham University, with the help of expert panelists, partners and potential users of future services. Great impo
Infrastructural Urban Voids as an Instrument for Homogenous Urban Fabric Case...civejjour
In historic time social factors around the spatial existing framework generated development of the city.
What we see today is contradictory as economic factors govern the growth of the city. Speed of
transformation is noticeably high, while the growth of the city majors in a quantity of physical
infrastructural development rather than the quality of public life. Ironically, when we look at a newly
planned city like Navi Mumbai infrastructural needs sometimes are becoming the reason for the creation of
urban voids in the city fabric. This paper is going to focus on Infrastructural linear voids which are cutting
the morphology of the city. Urban Infrastructural voids in Kharghar are identified and typologies are
formulated by observational study. This paper investigates if we can utilize these Infrastructural urban
voids holistically to formulate a network of public spaces to bind the city holistically.
Infrastructural Urban Voids as an Instrument for Homogenous Urban Fabric Case...civej
In historic time social factors around the spatial existing framework generated development of the city. What we see today is contradictory as economic factors govern the growth of the city. Speed of transformation is noticeably high, while the growth of the city majors in a quantity of physical infrastructural development rather than the quality of public life. Ironically, when we look at a newly planned city like Navi Mumbai infrastructural needs sometimes are becoming the reason for the creation of urban voids in the city fabric. This paper is going to focus on Infrastructural linear voids which are cutting the morphology of the city. Urban Infrastructural voids in Kharghar are identified and typologies are formulated by observational study. This paper investigates if we can utilize these Infrastructural urban voids holistically to formulate a network of public spaces to bind the city holistically.
_Neighborhood Planning in Capital City of Chandigarh- An Appraisal (2) - Copy...JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Neighborhood as an idea, concept, option and strategy has been extensively used locally and globally by the Urban Planners to plan and decentralize cities, create cities within cities, promote self-contained communities and to make cities more humane, safe and socially vibrant. Neighborhood has also been used recently to define the city in terms of travel time - making 10/15 minutes city
Accordingly, large typologies of NH ,in terms of planning and designing , with varying shapes, sizes and contents have emerged in the urban context. Americans have used superblock and French using Sector for defining the neighborhood. Despite distinct advantages, holding high degree of relevance in urban and local area planning , NH planning has not been able to deliver the envisioned objectives of safety and social vibrancy. Cities in the process have been socially, economically and physically fragmented, leading to clear division of cities into different communities with little economical and social connectivity. Variance of planning and designing norms followed at NH and sub-neighborhood levels have promoted more dichotomy and contradictions with varying quality of life inducted at local level. Differential population and infrastructures have divided the city into the categories of high/low end NH units. Fabric and morphology of cities, in large cases, has been distorted with urban settlement emerging as a distinct social map of communities graded economically and socially,on the basis of area/location . In the process, the way NH planning concept has been used, neighborhood planning has emerged as an instrument of social and economic segregation/division. In fact in number of cases, concept has been used, misused, abused in intent and content to divide the cities into distinct social and economic layers. Instead of unifying , concept has led to division of cities.
Genesis of modern application of NH can be found in the planning and designing of Chandigarh where entire city fabric of capital city was woven around Sector as the basic unit of planning, concptulasied as self-contained and self-sustaining unit at the local level. However, the way sectors have been planned, it has led to dividing the cities into different and distinct communities. Individual status in Chandigarh can be judged from his/her residence. Concept of Sector has done more damage than good to the fabric of the city. Chandigarh is likely to face considerable problem in making city socially and economically cohesive/vibrant,. Sectors in Chandigarh remain anti-thesis to the basic concept of NH planning of safety, involving walkability, vehicular movement, putting commercial space in the centre. Considering role, relevance, importance and usability , NH needs to be planned, designed with care and caution, in order to make cities socially and economically vibrant, inclusive. NH planning deserves a new definition and approach to make it relevant and rational.
Vision for a World Class Delhi, Jan2009Paromita Roy
What becoming a World Class City could mean for people of Delhi......
A world class Delhi is not about building bigger highways and flyovers, and continually "cleaning" the city's poor out of visibility of the rich.....
Being a World Class City could mean a win-win situation for all the inhabitants and decision makers of the city..... be it rich poor - young old - male female.... making it a truly democratic capital city.
Kochi, the commercial capital of Kerala and the
second most important city next to Mumbai on the Western
coast of India, is a land having a wide variety of residential
environments. The present pattern of the city can be classified
as that of haphazard growth with typical problems
characteristics of unplanned urban development. This trend
can be ascribed to rapid population growth, our changing
lifestyles, food habits, and change in living standards,
institutional weaknesses, improper choice of technology and
public apathy. Ecological footprint analysis (EFA) is a
quantitative tool that represents the ecological load imposed
on the earth by humans in spatial terms. This paper analyses
the scope of EFA as a sustainable environmental management
tool for Kochi City.
Theories of Architecture and Urbanism Comparative Analysis Essaydouglasloon
Taylor's University Lakeside Campus
School of Architecture, Building & Design
Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Architecture
Theories of Architecture & Urbanism (ARC 61303)
Similar to QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF WALKABILITY OF INDIAN STREET: A CASE OF LUCKNOW (20)
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
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QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF WALKABILITY OF INDIAN STREET: A CASE OF LUCKNOW
1. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
DOI:10.5121/civej.2016.3302 13
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
OF WALKABILITY OF INDIAN STREET: A CASE
OF LUCKNOW
Ar. Divya Pandey
Faculty of Architecture, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam University, Lucknow
ABSTRACT
Walkability became one of the important aspects of new urbanism. Increase in the numbers of the vehicle
on the road creating a havoc situation for society. It is also polluting our environment. Enhancing
walkability wit in a city or in a neighborhood became a challenge for the city developer. There is no proper
way established by which we can identified the street those need improvement in the street and we have
also not established the parameter by which walkability can be improved in an area. In this paper
parameter has been identified which can help in improving the walkability of Indian street. Both
qualitative and quantitative parameters have been listed down and all are converted into numerical value
so we can quantify the quality of walkability in an area for the calculation of the walkability in existing
scenario. By the help of this method we can improve walkability of any area.
KEYWORDS
Walkability, Qualitative and Quantitative parameters
1. INTRODUCTION
Walkability can be defined as “the extend to which the built environment is friendly to the
presence of people living, shopping, visiting, enjoyed or spending time in the area.”- ABLEY
STEPHEN “Walkability is a quantitative and qualitative measurement of how inviting or un-
inviting an area is to pedestrians. Walking matters more and more to towns and cities as the
connection between walking and socially vibrant neighborhoods is becoming clearer. Built
environments that promote and facilitate walking – to stores, work, school and amenities – are
better places to live, have higher real estate values, promote healthier lifestyles and have higher
levels of social cohesion”. - JAN GEHL
In the twenty first century cities are turning into a place full with chaos, unhealthy environment,
full of noise and are becoming in-habitable. With the population demand and the rising pressure
our natural resources are diminishing day by day. So, for our future generations creating our cities
into a habitable place, sustainable development should be the main concern of our city planners
and designers. Sustainability can only be achieved when there is an accurate balance between
Social, Economics and Environment. Thus, bearable, equitable and viable scenario can be
created.
For a sustainable development in a city, many tools now days have been experimented and
researched. “Walkability” is one of the tools that has been emerging and can be helpful in
2. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
14
creating sustainable cities. Initially our Indian cities were walk-able, but due to the introduction of
the mechanized transportation, roads were developed more for the automobiles rather than for the
pedestrian. In city development plan, no thoughts were being given to pedestrian network. Slowly
and steadily cities became eccentric towards mechanized transport.
The major effect of automobile was the urban sprawl. With the pressure of the increasing
population, city limits are increasing day by day. Mixed use development is no more exercised.
The other effect of automobile was that now for the vehicles, broad roads were constructed.
Initially city fabrics were demolished to develop roads and today roads have become a governing
factor in formation of the fabric.
Due to increase in the city limits people tend to take vehicle for transportation because now we
could reach anywhere in very minimal time and walking is no longer a feasible option today.
Now people have to roam around in different sectors for day to day activities and the roads are so
designed which make walking a difficult task. All these effects directly influenced the pedestrian
movement.
All these issues affect the social, economical and environmental health of the cities. Roads took
all the spaces where people could interact with each other. The Social interaction spaces are no
more developed and are no more a concern for the city developer. To develop the roads or even to
widen the road always green trees are cut down which directly affect the environment of the
area. Roads with vehicle movement never help in the business along side when we compare a
street with pedestrian movement; it always helps to generate business for vendors, also every year
lot of money is issued for the construction of the road, but on the other hand by creating space for
the pedestrian to walk will also help in people to interact, no more trees will be cut down because
pedestrian doesn’t need straight line pathway thereby saving many trees to cut down and
pedestrian pathway always helps in generating income for the vendors.
2. PARAMETERS
In urban design literature we can find that there are some urban design qualities which affect the
walkability. These qualities can be majorly distributed in 2 categories first is physical features
and second is non-physical features which can be termed as perceptual qualities. Under physical
feature building typology, land use, dwelling density, retail area, urban infrastructure like
sidewalk width, street width, traffic volumes, tree canopy, weather, etc. In perceptual qualities
enclosure, imagine ability, transparency, complexity, human scale, legibility, etc comes under this
category. But between all these qualities there are some qualities which will be appropriate for
Indian scenario and some will be not fit for Indian cities for example transparency - As we know
that transparency is a material condition that is pervious to light and/ or air, an inherent quality of
substance as in a glass wall. A classic example we found in the urban design literature is a
shopping street with display window that invites passers-by to look in and then come to shop but
in Indian traditional market items were directly display on the streets because it is an Indian
shopping habit to touch the things and if there is fruit or any eatables are selling then they smell it
or taste it, even if there is shoe shop then they will directly put there one shoe from the pair on the
street display in front of the shop either they are already displaying shoes in their glass display in
the frontage of the shop. In residential area nobody like transparency in their wall, there will be a
hierarchy of spaces in the opening area But transparency cannot be seen in Indian scenario. So,
there will be some urban design qualities which only appropriate for the Indian context. These all
qualities can be explored.
So the parameters which are affecting the walkability are:
3. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
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2.1 Enclosure
An enclosure is estimate by the edges or boundaries. An indoor space has floors, ceiling, walls as
the boundaries. Same in the case of outdoor space road and pathway are the floor of space the
facade of building is walls of the space trees canopy or sky is the ceiling of the outdoor space. In
indoor space the enclosed space is 100%. Alexander et al (1977, pp 489-491) stated that the total
width of the street, building to building should not exceed the building height. Allan Jacobs
(1993) suggest that the proportion of the building height to street width should be least 1:2. Other
designer recommended proportion as high as 3:2 and as low as 1:6 for sense of enclosure. As a
general rule tighter the ratio tighter the enclosure.
2.1.1 1:4 – an object becomes part of the surrounding, loss of enclosure, just an edge.
2.1.2 1:3- - an object is part of surrounding but still dominates it, minimum enclosure,
prominent objects beyond space are perceived as much as space.
2.1.3 1:2- an object is perceived “as a little world in itself”, threshold of distraction, lower limit
for creating enclosure.
2.1.4 1:1-– produces the best distance from which the details can be observed in relation to
whole. Full enclosure since building is considerably higher than the upper limit of the
frontal view.
Figure 1. Street of Varanasi
2.2 Human Scale
The relationship between the environment and the human body size is known as human scale.
Any element can be in a human scale when from a distance the wholeness of an object as well as
its smallest recognizable part can be seen at a one glance.
2.2.1 0-1.5 feet- intimate distance.
2.2.2 70 feet- loud voice can be just heard
2.2.3 40 feet – distinguishable face
2.2.4 12 feet-40 feet - public distance
2.2.5 4.5-12 feet- social distance
4. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
16
2.3 Climatic Aspect
Provision of climatic comfort for pedestrian network is very essential in India, where the
temperature varies from 45 degree in summers and 2 degree in winters. The period of summers is
of 7-8 months and winter stays only for 3-4 months.
2.4 Complexity
Amos Rapport (1990) “describe the essential property is related to the number noticeable
difference to which a viewer is exposed per unit time”. Human being is in comfort at certain level
when it is in most usable. Too little noticeable things can encourage the neediness and people will
get bore by that kind of system. But too much information per unit time will also create chaos to
the sensory system. At the speed of 5 km/h people can absorb more information rather than the
when person was driving by car at the 40 km/h. Complexity is influence by these factors:
2.4.1 Number of element present in the viewer’s view
2.4.2 Elements variety – either they are very similar or dissimilar
2.4.3 Prediction of the element – either they are creating surprise or novelty.
2.4.4 Composition of the element- either they are orderly placed or very random.
2.5 Linkages
Linkage theory tries to organize a system of relations, or a network, that establishes an
arrangement for ordering spaces. The significant aspect is to create logical link between the
discrete things
2.5.1 Street linking to some major road.
2.5.2 Street linking to above with public transport route
2.5.3 Street linking to above with commercial area present in between
2.5.4 Street linking to above with presence of institutional area and recreational area.
2.5.5 Street linking above with presence of informal and religious activity.
2.6 Mixed Use
Jane Jacob says "Intricate mingling of different uses in cities are not a form of chaos, On the
contrary, they represent a complex and highly developed form of order." Mixed use development
increase the possibility of fulfilling all the need at walkable distance as the use of the surrounding
is mixed.
2.6.1 Only residential
2.6.2 Residential with commercial
2.6.3 Above with institutional
2.6.4 Above with recreational
2.6.5 Above with informal activity
5. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
17
2.7 Provision Of Pathway
Presence of the physical infrastructure which is important for creating walkable spaces helps in
increasing wakability of the area pathways are one on them.
2.7.1 No area to walk
2.7.2 Shoulder space is there but pavement wad not made.
2.7.3 Pavement was made but not maintained and also not wide enough to walk on.
2.7.4 1.5 m wide pavement is their but with some obstruction.
2.7.5 1.5 m wide pathway with well maintained and tiled pavement.
2.8 Crossing Safety
Movement of the vehicle on the road works as a barrier for both pedestrian networks along the
sides of the road. We need crossing safety for the pedestrian to enhance the network of the
pedestrian.
2.8.1 Average distance of controlled crossings is greater than 500 m and average speed is high
2.8.2 Average distance of controlled crossings is between 500m- 300m and average speed is
around 40kmph
2.8.3 Average distance of controlled crossings is between 200m-300mand average speed is 20-
40kmph
2.8.4 Average distance of controlled crossings is between 100m-200mand average speed is 20-
40kmph
2.8.5 There is no need of controlled crossings as pedestrians are safe to cross wherever they
like and vehicles and pedestrian co-exist.
2.9 Perception Of Crime
People avoid walking on those streets where they do not feel secure. To increase the walkability
in the area we need more secure streets.
2.9.1 Presence of light pole along the light
2.9.2 Presence of light pole with regular basis maintenance of the lights.
2.9.3 Presence of above with commercial area.
2.9.4 Presence of above with less setback houses.
2.9.5 Presence of above with some religious building or police chowky.
2.10 Maintenance and Cleanliness Of Walkable Paths.
Maintenance of the physical infrastructure of the streets which are essential for walkable streets
and the cleanliness of that area is very important to motivate people to walk.
2.9.6 Presence of garbage collection system in the neighbourhood.
2.9.7 Presence of above with provision sweeping of roads.
2.9.8 Presence of above on daily basis.
6. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
18
2.9.9 Presence of above with provision of bins along the road.
2.9.10 Presence of above with new technological approach used for cleanliness and
maintenance.
2.10 Existence and Quality Of Facilities For Blinds and Disable
Specially challenged people are also part of our society but when it comes to development we
never take them into consideration and design for the major one, which is very wrong practice.
2.10.1 No infrastructure for physically challenged people is available.
2.10.2 Limited infrastructure for physically challenged people is available, but is not in usable
condition
2.10.3 Infrastructure for physically challenged people is in place but in poor condition and not
rightly located
2.10.4 Infrastructure for disabled persons is present, in good condition, but poorly located
2.10.5 Infrastructure for disabled persons is present, in good condition, and rightly located
2.11 Amenities
Presence of the basic amenities along the roads and pathways helps in motivating people to walk
to commute from one place to another.
2.11.1 Provision of toilets
2.11.2 Availability of drinking water
2.11.3 Provision of above with sitting space
2.11.4 Provision of above with proper lighting system
2.11.5 Provision of above with presence of shading which protects from sun and rains.
2.12 Obstruction
Any kind of hurdle present of the pathway makes people to avoid walking on that area, so any
kind of obstruction should be removed from the pathway.
2.12.1 Obstruction from transformer
2.12.2 Obstruction from construction material with above
2.12.3 Obstruction from garbage with above
2.12.4 Obstruction from above with extended shopping area
2.12.5 Obstruction from above with extended garden area.
2.13 Policy Support
Government support through different kind of policy in terms of safety of the pedestrian and the
infrastructure for the pedestrian network will help in creating walkable streets.
2.13.1 funding and resource devoted to pedestrian
2.13.2 Presence of relevant urban design guideline with above.
2.13.3 Existence and enforcement of relevant pedestrian safety laws and regulations with above.
2.13.4 Degree of public outreach for pedestrian safety laws and regulation with above.
7. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
3. A CASE OF LUCKNOW
The case study will look at walkability as a new layer superimposed on the existing
connecting neighborhood. In this study
quantitative parameters which became
and non motorized transport instead of motor vehicle in a
Criteria For Site Selection
• The site should be a typical Indian situation where city level activities grow in
neighbourhood attracting huge crowd resulting in
and other mode of transportation.
• It should be well connected with city through various links of public transportation like
bus and auto, so that they could become potential carrier of people.
• The typology of fabric sh
land use.
• The site should be a multi use zone in terms of land use with residential being an integral
part so that the place should have active usage all throughout the day and also various
type of usage as all land use requires different type of support use.
• The zone should be a mix of various character
interesting design thesis could be attempted.
4. SITE INTRODUCTION
The site chosen for the demonstration is located in northern part of L
area between Ring road and Faizabad road; Indiranagar
block, sector 22, 24, 20 , 18 and last sector 16. The area has tremendous potential in term
of pedestrian development as these are area of high footfall and huge problem like
parking, conflict zones between pedestrian and vehicles and every area is unique in itself.
Figure 2. Satellite image of Indiranagar
Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
UCKNOW
study will look at walkability as a new layer superimposed on the existing
this study I have tried to analyze both the qualitative and
became urban design tools and principles that priorities pedestrian
and non motorized transport instead of motor vehicle in a neighborhood.
The site should be a typical Indian situation where city level activities grow in
neighbourhood attracting huge crowd resulting in chaos and conflict between pedestrian
and other mode of transportation.
t should be well connected with city through various links of public transportation like
bus and auto, so that they could become potential carrier of people.
The typology of fabric should be contemporary in nature and area should be residential in
The site should be a multi use zone in terms of land use with residential being an integral
part so that the place should have active usage all throughout the day and also various
ype of usage as all land use requires different type of support use.
The zone should be a mix of various character areas having different image so that an
interesting design thesis could be attempted.
SITE INTRODUCTION
demonstration is located in northern part of Lucknow containing
ing road and Faizabad road; Indiranagar – A block, B block,
22, 24, 20 , 18 and last sector 16. The area has tremendous potential in term
development as these are area of high footfall and huge problem like
parking, conflict zones between pedestrian and vehicles and every area is unique in itself.
Figure 2. Satellite image of Indiranagar
Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
19
study will look at walkability as a new layer superimposed on the existing city fabric
qualitative and
ities pedestrian
The site should be a typical Indian situation where city level activities grow in
chaos and conflict between pedestrian
t should be well connected with city through various links of public transportation like
ould be contemporary in nature and area should be residential in
The site should be a multi use zone in terms of land use with residential being an integral
part so that the place should have active usage all throughout the day and also various
having different image so that an
ucknow containing
A block, B block, C block, D
22, 24, 20 , 18 and last sector 16. The area has tremendous potential in term
development as these are area of high footfall and huge problem like
parking, conflict zones between pedestrian and vehicles and every area is unique in itself.
8. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
5. ANALYSIS OF THE AREA
For the better understanding of the area a survey was conducted
urban form was developed. By this exercise we are able to understand the existing scenario of the
neighborhood.
5.1 Morphological Analysis
Firstly we try to understand morphology
massing in the area. For we try to generate
etc. on which intensity, texture, grain
5.1.1 Figure Ground Mapping
Area was developed in grid iron pattern. Most of the part of the area is already built. The
open space present in the area is very fragmented and is in smaller in size.
5.1.2 Building Typology
In this area there are major four type of residences are
approx. 1800 sqft. They are usually semi detached in nature and t
apart from in A- block most of the H.I.G.
The streets with H.I.G housing have very less activity and most of the time they are abounded.
This type of street character can be seen in the sector with M.I.G housing type.
of residence is L.I.G which is approx 1200sqft in
and the feeder road in front of this housing is approx 6 to 9 meter wide.
humanized in nature. These streets are very active in nature
these streets are much more appro
E.W.S housing, whose area of dwelling
setback and the feeder road which is provided in this sector is 3
degree of interaction on the road with the informal activity performed on the
humanized in nature comparing to other sector of Indiran
Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
ANALYSIS OF THE AREA
understanding of the area a survey was conducted by which different layer of the
. By this exercise we are able to understand the existing scenario of the
morphology of the area. We try to visualize the existing s
massing in the area. For we try to generate figure ground map, land use map, building typology
etc. on which intensity, texture, grain was studied.
Area was developed in grid iron pattern. Most of the part of the area is already built. The
open space present in the area is very fragmented and is in smaller in size.
four type of residences are there, first is H.I.G whose plot area is
They are usually semi detached in nature and the front setback is approx 4.5m
block most of the H.I.G. is on the arterial road which are mostly 18 meter
.G housing have very less activity and most of the time they are abounded.
This type of street character can be seen in the sector with M.I.G housing type. The third typology
approx 1200sqft in area. The setback in this typology is one meter
and the feeder road in front of this housing is approx 6 to 9 meter wide. These roads are more
streets are very active in nature. The enclosure and human scale of
these streets are much more appropriate than the street section on the H.I.G. The last typology is
of dwelling was approx 900 sq ft. There is no restriction in the
and the feeder road which is provided in this sector is 3 m. The enclosure, human scale,
tion on the road with the informal activity performed on the street are
aring to other sector of Indiranagar.
Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
20
by which different layer of the
. By this exercise we are able to understand the existing scenario of the
the existing scenario of
building typology
Area was developed in grid iron pattern. Most of the part of the area is already built. The
there, first is H.I.G whose plot area is
he front setback is approx 4.5m
erial road which are mostly 18 meter Wide.
.G housing have very less activity and most of the time they are abounded.
The third typology
ogy is one meter
These roads are more
. The enclosure and human scale of
The last typology is
e is no restriction in the
m. The enclosure, human scale,
street are most
9. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
21
5.1.3 Landuse
This area was developed to reduce the gap between the demand and supply of the housing stock,
so we can see in the land use map that 80% of the building is under residential land use. Apart
from residential, few schools had been provided for approximately for one sector under
institutional land use. After that some commercial streets had been developed due the need of the
people.
Figure 5. Land Use Map
5.1.4 Movement Pattern
There are 2 main arterial roads around the neighbourhood one is ring road and second is Faizabad
road, which are becoming edges of the site and separating it from other district. Then there are
sub-arterial road which are fragmenting whole area into different sectors then there are collector
road and local road. Major pedestrian movement on the site is on the route where public transport
is moving after that route which is approaching to the public transport route where people are
walking. Major traffic jam was on Munshipulia square, polytechnic square and on sector 25
junction. Problem of congestion was there on happening on Bhootnath temple road also because
of the commercial activity. The right of way of these street are varies from 18 meters to 3 meters.
There is no separate pathway is provided for the pedestrian. Whole right of way is dedicated to
either black tar and remaining is left for the green belt. There is no infrastructure for the
pedestrian in whole area. The major pedestrian footfalls are in the Bhootnath market area but that
area is also open for all kind of vehicles. There is no restriction in entry of this precinct. Even in
whole neighbourhood there is no area which restricts any kind of vehicular entry. On some street
people have constructed unauthorised gate for the security which also restrict the pedestrian
entries. These kind of use should be banned. Although development authority have demolished
10. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
few gates, but many gates are still there in the neighbourhood
pedestrian movement.
5.1.5 Public Transport
The main public transportation route crosses the area diagonally. On this main route share auto,
busses and tempo use to ride. Apart
tempo use to ride, which is connecting o
5.1.6 Activity
Most of the activities in the site are concentrated on various intersections of the roads.
Almost most active node are combined of commercial, religious and informal activity
-
Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
are still there in the neighbourhood which became very problematic for
The main public transportation route crosses the area diagonally. On this main route share auto,
Apart from that on arterial road which is making edge, busses and
tempo use to ride, which is connecting other part of the city to Indiranagar.
Most of the activities in the site are concentrated on various intersections of the roads.
ost active node are combined of commercial, religious and informal activity
Figure 8. Activity Mapping
Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
22
which became very problematic for
The main public transportation route crosses the area diagonally. On this main route share auto,
from that on arterial road which is making edge, busses and
Most of the activities in the site are concentrated on various intersections of the roads.
ost active node are combined of commercial, religious and informal activity
11. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
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6. INFERENCES OF THE ANALYSIS
After this analysis, four different kind of areas can be identified, which has different
characteristics. These four different areas can be treated as a different project, these individual
project need different kind of approach. Combination of all these project or enhancement of this
entire project will help into converting this neighborhood into more walkable area. So the four
different kind of area in indiranagar are-
• Street which has high foot fall
• Street which has low footfall
• Area within a district
• Bhootnath market area.
Figure 9. Area delineation map for project
To prove that above statement and to analyze the walkability of the entire street, all the
parameters are assigned marked according to the presence of infrastructure and their status. This
making system is done on all the street present in the neighborhood. And according to the marks
their present scenario can be judged. For this a matrix can be made and each and every street can
be evaluated. So a survey was conducted of each street present in the neighborhood, and marking
was done as explained in the above section of the paper.
12. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
Sample sheet used for survey
Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
used for survey
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14. Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: An International Journal (CiVEJ) Vol.3, No.3, September 2016
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CONCLUSION
Enhancing walkability in a neighborhood is an initial step and important part in creating the
society more sustainable. A tool can be derived which can calculate the walkability of the street
and after that those street which did got much marks in the matrix will became the first priority
designing and converting to more walkable streets. The matrix can help the developer in judging
and analyzing the neighborhood. Converting all the parameters into an either it is quantitative or
qualitative can help to analysis the street without any discrimination and favourism. Quantitative
analysis also reduces the subjectiveness of the parameters.
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Author Introduction
Ar. Divya Pandey is an Architect currently working in Faculty of Architecture
at Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh as an Assistant
Professor. She has done his Masters from SPA Bhopal, and currently pursuing
Post Graduation Diploma in Environmental and Sustainable Development.