This document provides an overview of the first part of a lecture on the foundations of qualitative research. It discusses key characteristics that define qualitative research, including using words as data and exploring meanings rather than reports or measures. The document contrasts qualitative and quantitative research, noting qualities research seeks rich descriptions and multiple perspectives while quantitative research aims for generalizable findings. It also covers reflective, intentional, and constructionist views of language and why researchers choose qualitative methods.
Interpretive paradigm presentation by vicky & savithirisykeshea
This document provides an overview of the interpretive research paradigm, including its key assumptions, origins, methods, and evolution. It discusses interpretivism's focus on understanding meaning and interpretation through socially constructed realities. The document outlines interpretivism's ontology of multiple subjective realities and epistemology of dynamic, context-dependent meanings. It also summarizes common interpretive research methods like interviews and observations. Finally, it notes some challenges of interpretive research and criteria for evaluating interpretive studies.
This document discusses qualitative research methods. It begins by defining qualitative research as collecting and analyzing non-numerical data like text, video, or audio to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences. Qualitative research aims to gather in-depth insights through words and images rather than numbers. It typically uses an inductive approach to develop theories from field research. Common characteristics of qualitative research include studying meanings in real-world conditions, representing participants' views, examining contextual conditions, and using multiple data sources. The document also outlines ways to ensure trustworthiness and credibility in qualitative research findings.
This document provides an introduction to critical analysis and how to analyze arguments in text. It discusses identifying the key elements of an argument like the reasoning, conclusions, assumptions and values. It also covers evaluating the credibility of evidence and drawing accurate judgments. The document outlines different stages of critical analysis and writing. It discusses considering different perspectives like objective, subjective and critical theory lenses. It also includes examples of language and patterns used in critical reasoning and arguments.
This document provides an overview of qualitative research. It begins by defining qualitative research as an interdisciplinary field that takes a naturalistic and interpretative approach to understanding human experiences. It discusses some key characteristics, such as using multiple methods to understand subjects in their natural settings. The document then contrasts qualitative with quantitative research and covers paradigms like positivism and non-positivism. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of qualitative research, common data collection techniques, approaches to analysis, and frequently asked questions.
1. The document discusses several qualitative research designs including ethnography, phenomenology, grounded theory, historical research, case study, feminist research, and action research.
2. Qualitative research aims to explore phenomena through words rather than numbers to gain an understanding from the participant's perspective.
3. The key types of qualitative research designs discussed are ethnography which studies culture, phenomenology which describes the meaning of lived experiences, and grounded theory which develops theories grounded in data.
This document discusses the key aspects of qualitative research design. It explains that qualitative research relies on data from interviews, observations, and documents rather than testing hypotheses. The goal is to understand people's behaviors and meanings rather than measuring things. Some common qualitative designs mentioned are grounded theory, ethnography, phenomenology, case studies, and content analysis. Sample sizes are small and purposeful rather than random. Data collection methods include interviews, observations, and documents. Analysis uses an inductive approach to identify themes. Researchers are the main instrument and context is important for understanding findings.
Interpretive paradigm presentation by vicky & savithirisykeshea
This document provides an overview of the interpretive research paradigm, including its key assumptions, origins, methods, and evolution. It discusses interpretivism's focus on understanding meaning and interpretation through socially constructed realities. The document outlines interpretivism's ontology of multiple subjective realities and epistemology of dynamic, context-dependent meanings. It also summarizes common interpretive research methods like interviews and observations. Finally, it notes some challenges of interpretive research and criteria for evaluating interpretive studies.
This document discusses qualitative research methods. It begins by defining qualitative research as collecting and analyzing non-numerical data like text, video, or audio to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences. Qualitative research aims to gather in-depth insights through words and images rather than numbers. It typically uses an inductive approach to develop theories from field research. Common characteristics of qualitative research include studying meanings in real-world conditions, representing participants' views, examining contextual conditions, and using multiple data sources. The document also outlines ways to ensure trustworthiness and credibility in qualitative research findings.
This document provides an introduction to critical analysis and how to analyze arguments in text. It discusses identifying the key elements of an argument like the reasoning, conclusions, assumptions and values. It also covers evaluating the credibility of evidence and drawing accurate judgments. The document outlines different stages of critical analysis and writing. It discusses considering different perspectives like objective, subjective and critical theory lenses. It also includes examples of language and patterns used in critical reasoning and arguments.
This document provides an overview of qualitative research. It begins by defining qualitative research as an interdisciplinary field that takes a naturalistic and interpretative approach to understanding human experiences. It discusses some key characteristics, such as using multiple methods to understand subjects in their natural settings. The document then contrasts qualitative with quantitative research and covers paradigms like positivism and non-positivism. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of qualitative research, common data collection techniques, approaches to analysis, and frequently asked questions.
1. The document discusses several qualitative research designs including ethnography, phenomenology, grounded theory, historical research, case study, feminist research, and action research.
2. Qualitative research aims to explore phenomena through words rather than numbers to gain an understanding from the participant's perspective.
3. The key types of qualitative research designs discussed are ethnography which studies culture, phenomenology which describes the meaning of lived experiences, and grounded theory which develops theories grounded in data.
This document discusses the key aspects of qualitative research design. It explains that qualitative research relies on data from interviews, observations, and documents rather than testing hypotheses. The goal is to understand people's behaviors and meanings rather than measuring things. Some common qualitative designs mentioned are grounded theory, ethnography, phenomenology, case studies, and content analysis. Sample sizes are small and purposeful rather than random. Data collection methods include interviews, observations, and documents. Analysis uses an inductive approach to identify themes. Researchers are the main instrument and context is important for understanding findings.
Troubling Qualitative Inquiry: Accounts as data and as products
線上購買及更多軟體介紹及下載試用,歡迎至本公司線上商店 ,Buy Online :
http://www.appcenter.com.tw/
or
http://www.cheerchain.com.tw
Cheer Chain Enterprise Co., Ltd.
T +886 4 2386 3559 | F +886-42386 3159
info@cheerchain.com.tw | www.cheerchain.com.tw
Distribution of Software | Training Courses | Consulting Services
- The document discusses issues and debates around qualitative research approaches and methods.
- It notes there is significant variation and lack of clarity between different qualitative paradigms. Approaches differ in their practical commitments like data sources and questions addressed, as well as philosophical assumptions around goals, ontology, and epistemology.
- The author argues that while some differences are legitimate, evaluative or interventionist approaches may not be compatible with the goal of research to produce knowledge. He also discusses debates around the role and status of qualitative data and accounts.
This document discusses key terminology and methods used in qualitative research including phenomenology, interpretivism, hermeneutics, participant observation, in-depth interviews, case studies, ethnography, grounded theory, sampling techniques, qualitative interviewing, life histories, focus groups, recording observations, qualitative data processing and analysis. It also covers the strengths, weaknesses and standards for evaluating qualitative studies.
Here are some tips for conducting qualitative interviews:
- Build rapport by introducing yourself warmly and explaining the purpose of the interview in a clear, concise way.
- Ask open-ended questions to elicit detailed responses. Avoid questions that can be answered with a simple yes or no.
- Be an active listener. Maintain eye contact, nod to show you're engaged, and avoid multitasking.
- Follow up with probing questions to get more depth, clarity or examples when needed ("Can you tell me more about that?" "What did you mean by...").
- Remain neutral and don't interject your own opinions. Let the interviewee do most of the talking.
- Be
Introduction
In life, there are universal laws that govern everything we do. These laws are so perfect that if you were to align yourself with them, you could have so much prosperity that it would be coming out of your ears. This is because God created the universe in the image and likeness of him. It is failure to follow the universal laws that causes one to fail. The laws that were created consisted of the following: ·
Law of Gratitude: The Law of Gratitude states that you must show gratitude for what you have. By having gratitude, you speed your growth and success faster than you normally would. This is because if you appreciate the things you have, even if they are small things, you are open to receiving more.
Law of Attraction: The Law of Attraction states that if you focus your attention on something long enough you will get it. It all starts in the mind. You think of something and when you think of it, you manifest that in your life. This could be a mental picture of a check or actual cash, but you think about it with an image.
Law of Karma: the Law of Karma states that if you go out and do something bad, it will come back to you with something bad. If you do well for others, good things happen to you. The principle here is to know you can create good or bad through your actions. There will always be an effect no matter what.
Law of Love: the Law of Love states that love is more than emotion or feeling; it is energy. It has substance and can be felt. Love is also considered acceptance of oneself or others. This means that no matter what you do in life if you do not approach or leave the situation out of love, it won't work.
Law of Allowing: The Law of Allowing states that for us to get what we want, we must be receptive to it. We can't merely say to the Universe that we want something if we don't allow ourselves to receive it. This will defeat our purpose for wanting it in the first place.
Law of Vibration: the Law of Vibration states that if you wish on something and use your thoughts to visualize it, you are halfway there to get it. To complete the cycle you must use the Law of Vibration to feel part of what you want. Do this and you'll have anything you want in life.
For everything to function properly there has to be structure. Without structure, our world, or universe, would be in utter chaos. Successful people understand universal laws and apply them daily. They may not acknowledge that to you, but they do follow the laws. There is a higher power and this higher power controls the universe and what we get out of it. People who know this, but wish to direct their own lives, follow the reasons. Successful people don't sit around and say "I'll try," they say yes and act on it.
Chapter - 1
The Law of Attraction
The law of attraction is the most powerful force in the universe. If you work against it, it can only bring you pain and misery. Successful people know this but have kept it hidden from the lower class for centuries because th
- Qualitative research is a method of inquiry that aims to gather in-depth understanding of human behavior through methods such as interviews, observations and documents. It seeks to explore the why and how rather than just what, where, when.
- Some key features of qualitative research include that it collects primarily textual and visual data, uses exploratory research questions, employs inductive reasoning, and focuses on human subjectivity. Researchers must also be reflexive and sensitive to their own role in data collection.
- Combining qualitative and quantitative methods can transform data between the two approaches or link their results to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the issue being studied. Triangulation also uses multiple data sources to validate research findings.
1. Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods (1).pdfEtalemBurako
This document provides an introduction to qualitative research methodology. It outlines the aims, philosophical paradigms, definitions, goals, dimensions, and differences between qualitative and quantitative research. Key points covered include:
- The aim is to enhance capacity for conceptualizing, designing, and conducting qualitative health research.
- Qualitative research follows a different philosophical paradigm than quantitative, based on the premise that not everything can be counted.
- Philosophical paradigms like ontology, epistemology, and axiology guide qualitative research design and methods.
- Qualitative research seeks to describe and analyze human behaviors, opinions, and contexts from the participants' perspectives.
HI6008 Business Research Lecture 01(1) (1).pptxabeerarif
Assignment 3 Reflective writing aims to get you to think
about your learning and understand your learning experiences.Evaluate the effectiveness and your usefulness of the learning experience
Make judgements that are clearly connected to observations you have made.
Answer the questions:
− What is your opinion about learning experience?
− What is the value of this experience?
2. Explain how this learning process will be useful to you
Consider: In what ways might this learning experience serve you in:course
− program
− future career
− life generally
Answer the question: ‘How you will transfer or apply your new knowledge and
insights in the future?’
3. Describe objectively what happened in the learning process
Give the details of what happened in the learning process. Answer the question:
‘What you did, read, see, and hear?
4. Evaluate what you learn
Make judgments connected to observations you have made in the Business
Research. Answer the question: ‘How Business Research was useful for your
Research Learning Process?’
5. Explain your learning process:
Depending on your requirements, HumHub allows you to either run a private or a public network by enabling or disabling limited access for guest users. When enabling limited access for guest users, non-authenticated users will have access to certain areas and see public contents of your network. Private networks, on the other hand, can only be accessed by existing users and either allow new users to register manually or solely by invite and may also require a group administrator to approve users registrations.
This document discusses qualitative research. It defines qualitative research as an interdisciplinary field that takes a naturalistic and interpretive approach to understanding human experiences. Qualitative research uses various data collection techniques like interviews and observations to gather subjective information about people's thoughts and feelings. The analysis of qualitative data involves categorizing and identifying relationships within the collected data. The qualitative research process is interactive and allows researchers to adjust their approach based on what they learn from initial data collection and analysis.
PowerPoint Presentation - Qualitative Research An Introduction
Qualitative research involves the studied use and collection of a variety of empirical materials - case study, personal experience, introspective, life story, ...
This document provides an overview of qualitative research. It discusses that qualitative research is interdisciplinary and takes a naturalistic approach to understand human experiences. It involves collecting various empirical materials like interviews and observations to understand people's lives. The qualitative researcher acts as a "bricoleur" using various tools and methods to answer questions. The document also outlines the history of qualitative research and compares it to quantitative research. It discusses techniques like interviews and observations for data collection and categorization for analysis. The qualitative process is described as interactive where data collection and analysis inform each other.
This document provides an overview of qualitative research, including its objectives, definition, strengths, weaknesses, common types (basic interpretive study, phenomenological study, grounded theory study, case study, ethnographic study, narrative analysis, historical research), elements of the research process, appropriate uses, needed skills, common instruments, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. The overall purpose is to define and explore qualitative research methodology.
This document provides an overview of qualitative research. It discusses that qualitative research aims to understand people's thoughts, feelings, and perspectives through methods like interviews and observations [1]. The qualitative researcher acts as a "bricoleur," adapting different tools and techniques for each unique situation [2]. There are five recognized periods in the development of qualitative research, from traditional to current approaches that acknowledge the researcher's role in the research process [3].
This document discusses key concepts related to research quality and methodology. It begins by defining research as a disciplined attempt to address questions or solve problems through collecting and analyzing primary data. Educational research is distinctive in that it focuses on understanding learning and teaching quality.
The document outlines several features of quality in educational research, including rigor of the research process, trustworthiness, usefulness of implications, and originality. It also discusses the role of values and the researcher in research. Different research approaches like quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods are examined, along with related issues around generalizability, validity, and reliability. Philosophies of research and the influences on social research are also addressed.
Qualitative research involves interpretive, naturalistic approaches to study things in natural settings to understand meanings and interpretations. It uses various data collection techniques like interviews and observations. The analysis process involves categorizing data, identifying relationships and developing conclusions in an interactive way. Qualitative research has become more reflexive over time and acknowledges the researcher's role. It provides an in-depth understanding compared to quantitative research.
This document provides an introduction and overview of research methodology. It discusses that research is both a set of skills and a way of thinking that involves questioning observations, exploring further, understanding explanations, and drawing conclusions. Research is defined as an inquisitive, critical, and analytical observation of work or practice to gain in-depth knowledge. The document also outlines different types of research such as descriptive vs analytical, applied vs fundamental, quantitative vs qualitative vs mixed methods, and conceptual vs empirical. It emphasizes that research methodology considers the logic and rationale behind the methods used in a research study.
This document summarizes the key differences between qualitative and quantitative research presented in two articles. It defines qualitative and quantitative research, describes their characteristics, and discusses important considerations from researchers. Both research methods are valuable, but differ in their ontological and epistemological assumptions as well as how theory and bias are approached. While quantitative research tests hypotheses, qualitative research allows theories to emerge from evidence. The document concludes both methods can be combined to optimize research accuracy.
Lecture definitional terms in research methodsjamesuren
The document discusses key concepts in qualitative research methods for designing a study. It outlines several important considerations for qualitative research design, including using an interpretive framework, collecting data in a natural setting, using multiple sources of data and complex reasoning, developing multiple perspectives, allowing for an emergent design, and providing a reflexive and holistic account. The goal of qualitative research is to learn the meanings that participants hold about the issue being studied from their perspectives.
Troubling Qualitative Inquiry: Accounts as data and as products
線上購買及更多軟體介紹及下載試用,歡迎至本公司線上商店 ,Buy Online :
http://www.appcenter.com.tw/
or
http://www.cheerchain.com.tw
Cheer Chain Enterprise Co., Ltd.
T +886 4 2386 3559 | F +886-42386 3159
info@cheerchain.com.tw | www.cheerchain.com.tw
Distribution of Software | Training Courses | Consulting Services
- The document discusses issues and debates around qualitative research approaches and methods.
- It notes there is significant variation and lack of clarity between different qualitative paradigms. Approaches differ in their practical commitments like data sources and questions addressed, as well as philosophical assumptions around goals, ontology, and epistemology.
- The author argues that while some differences are legitimate, evaluative or interventionist approaches may not be compatible with the goal of research to produce knowledge. He also discusses debates around the role and status of qualitative data and accounts.
This document discusses key terminology and methods used in qualitative research including phenomenology, interpretivism, hermeneutics, participant observation, in-depth interviews, case studies, ethnography, grounded theory, sampling techniques, qualitative interviewing, life histories, focus groups, recording observations, qualitative data processing and analysis. It also covers the strengths, weaknesses and standards for evaluating qualitative studies.
Here are some tips for conducting qualitative interviews:
- Build rapport by introducing yourself warmly and explaining the purpose of the interview in a clear, concise way.
- Ask open-ended questions to elicit detailed responses. Avoid questions that can be answered with a simple yes or no.
- Be an active listener. Maintain eye contact, nod to show you're engaged, and avoid multitasking.
- Follow up with probing questions to get more depth, clarity or examples when needed ("Can you tell me more about that?" "What did you mean by...").
- Remain neutral and don't interject your own opinions. Let the interviewee do most of the talking.
- Be
Introduction
In life, there are universal laws that govern everything we do. These laws are so perfect that if you were to align yourself with them, you could have so much prosperity that it would be coming out of your ears. This is because God created the universe in the image and likeness of him. It is failure to follow the universal laws that causes one to fail. The laws that were created consisted of the following: ·
Law of Gratitude: The Law of Gratitude states that you must show gratitude for what you have. By having gratitude, you speed your growth and success faster than you normally would. This is because if you appreciate the things you have, even if they are small things, you are open to receiving more.
Law of Attraction: The Law of Attraction states that if you focus your attention on something long enough you will get it. It all starts in the mind. You think of something and when you think of it, you manifest that in your life. This could be a mental picture of a check or actual cash, but you think about it with an image.
Law of Karma: the Law of Karma states that if you go out and do something bad, it will come back to you with something bad. If you do well for others, good things happen to you. The principle here is to know you can create good or bad through your actions. There will always be an effect no matter what.
Law of Love: the Law of Love states that love is more than emotion or feeling; it is energy. It has substance and can be felt. Love is also considered acceptance of oneself or others. This means that no matter what you do in life if you do not approach or leave the situation out of love, it won't work.
Law of Allowing: The Law of Allowing states that for us to get what we want, we must be receptive to it. We can't merely say to the Universe that we want something if we don't allow ourselves to receive it. This will defeat our purpose for wanting it in the first place.
Law of Vibration: the Law of Vibration states that if you wish on something and use your thoughts to visualize it, you are halfway there to get it. To complete the cycle you must use the Law of Vibration to feel part of what you want. Do this and you'll have anything you want in life.
For everything to function properly there has to be structure. Without structure, our world, or universe, would be in utter chaos. Successful people understand universal laws and apply them daily. They may not acknowledge that to you, but they do follow the laws. There is a higher power and this higher power controls the universe and what we get out of it. People who know this, but wish to direct their own lives, follow the reasons. Successful people don't sit around and say "I'll try," they say yes and act on it.
Chapter - 1
The Law of Attraction
The law of attraction is the most powerful force in the universe. If you work against it, it can only bring you pain and misery. Successful people know this but have kept it hidden from the lower class for centuries because th
- Qualitative research is a method of inquiry that aims to gather in-depth understanding of human behavior through methods such as interviews, observations and documents. It seeks to explore the why and how rather than just what, where, when.
- Some key features of qualitative research include that it collects primarily textual and visual data, uses exploratory research questions, employs inductive reasoning, and focuses on human subjectivity. Researchers must also be reflexive and sensitive to their own role in data collection.
- Combining qualitative and quantitative methods can transform data between the two approaches or link their results to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the issue being studied. Triangulation also uses multiple data sources to validate research findings.
1. Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods (1).pdfEtalemBurako
This document provides an introduction to qualitative research methodology. It outlines the aims, philosophical paradigms, definitions, goals, dimensions, and differences between qualitative and quantitative research. Key points covered include:
- The aim is to enhance capacity for conceptualizing, designing, and conducting qualitative health research.
- Qualitative research follows a different philosophical paradigm than quantitative, based on the premise that not everything can be counted.
- Philosophical paradigms like ontology, epistemology, and axiology guide qualitative research design and methods.
- Qualitative research seeks to describe and analyze human behaviors, opinions, and contexts from the participants' perspectives.
HI6008 Business Research Lecture 01(1) (1).pptxabeerarif
Assignment 3 Reflective writing aims to get you to think
about your learning and understand your learning experiences.Evaluate the effectiveness and your usefulness of the learning experience
Make judgements that are clearly connected to observations you have made.
Answer the questions:
− What is your opinion about learning experience?
− What is the value of this experience?
2. Explain how this learning process will be useful to you
Consider: In what ways might this learning experience serve you in:course
− program
− future career
− life generally
Answer the question: ‘How you will transfer or apply your new knowledge and
insights in the future?’
3. Describe objectively what happened in the learning process
Give the details of what happened in the learning process. Answer the question:
‘What you did, read, see, and hear?
4. Evaluate what you learn
Make judgments connected to observations you have made in the Business
Research. Answer the question: ‘How Business Research was useful for your
Research Learning Process?’
5. Explain your learning process:
Depending on your requirements, HumHub allows you to either run a private or a public network by enabling or disabling limited access for guest users. When enabling limited access for guest users, non-authenticated users will have access to certain areas and see public contents of your network. Private networks, on the other hand, can only be accessed by existing users and either allow new users to register manually or solely by invite and may also require a group administrator to approve users registrations.
This document discusses qualitative research. It defines qualitative research as an interdisciplinary field that takes a naturalistic and interpretive approach to understanding human experiences. Qualitative research uses various data collection techniques like interviews and observations to gather subjective information about people's thoughts and feelings. The analysis of qualitative data involves categorizing and identifying relationships within the collected data. The qualitative research process is interactive and allows researchers to adjust their approach based on what they learn from initial data collection and analysis.
PowerPoint Presentation - Qualitative Research An Introduction
Qualitative research involves the studied use and collection of a variety of empirical materials - case study, personal experience, introspective, life story, ...
This document provides an overview of qualitative research. It discusses that qualitative research is interdisciplinary and takes a naturalistic approach to understand human experiences. It involves collecting various empirical materials like interviews and observations to understand people's lives. The qualitative researcher acts as a "bricoleur" using various tools and methods to answer questions. The document also outlines the history of qualitative research and compares it to quantitative research. It discusses techniques like interviews and observations for data collection and categorization for analysis. The qualitative process is described as interactive where data collection and analysis inform each other.
This document provides an overview of qualitative research, including its objectives, definition, strengths, weaknesses, common types (basic interpretive study, phenomenological study, grounded theory study, case study, ethnographic study, narrative analysis, historical research), elements of the research process, appropriate uses, needed skills, common instruments, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. The overall purpose is to define and explore qualitative research methodology.
This document provides an overview of qualitative research. It discusses that qualitative research aims to understand people's thoughts, feelings, and perspectives through methods like interviews and observations [1]. The qualitative researcher acts as a "bricoleur," adapting different tools and techniques for each unique situation [2]. There are five recognized periods in the development of qualitative research, from traditional to current approaches that acknowledge the researcher's role in the research process [3].
This document discusses key concepts related to research quality and methodology. It begins by defining research as a disciplined attempt to address questions or solve problems through collecting and analyzing primary data. Educational research is distinctive in that it focuses on understanding learning and teaching quality.
The document outlines several features of quality in educational research, including rigor of the research process, trustworthiness, usefulness of implications, and originality. It also discusses the role of values and the researcher in research. Different research approaches like quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods are examined, along with related issues around generalizability, validity, and reliability. Philosophies of research and the influences on social research are also addressed.
Qualitative research involves interpretive, naturalistic approaches to study things in natural settings to understand meanings and interpretations. It uses various data collection techniques like interviews and observations. The analysis process involves categorizing data, identifying relationships and developing conclusions in an interactive way. Qualitative research has become more reflexive over time and acknowledges the researcher's role. It provides an in-depth understanding compared to quantitative research.
This document provides an introduction and overview of research methodology. It discusses that research is both a set of skills and a way of thinking that involves questioning observations, exploring further, understanding explanations, and drawing conclusions. Research is defined as an inquisitive, critical, and analytical observation of work or practice to gain in-depth knowledge. The document also outlines different types of research such as descriptive vs analytical, applied vs fundamental, quantitative vs qualitative vs mixed methods, and conceptual vs empirical. It emphasizes that research methodology considers the logic and rationale behind the methods used in a research study.
This document summarizes the key differences between qualitative and quantitative research presented in two articles. It defines qualitative and quantitative research, describes their characteristics, and discusses important considerations from researchers. Both research methods are valuable, but differ in their ontological and epistemological assumptions as well as how theory and bias are approached. While quantitative research tests hypotheses, qualitative research allows theories to emerge from evidence. The document concludes both methods can be combined to optimize research accuracy.
Lecture definitional terms in research methodsjamesuren
The document discusses key concepts in qualitative research methods for designing a study. It outlines several important considerations for qualitative research design, including using an interpretive framework, collecting data in a natural setting, using multiple sources of data and complex reasoning, developing multiple perspectives, allowing for an emergent design, and providing a reflexive and holistic account. The goal of qualitative research is to learn the meanings that participants hold about the issue being studied from their perspectives.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang implementasi penilaian prestasi kerja PNS di Kemendikbud, mencakup penyusunan Sasaran Kerja Pegawai (SKP), prinsip-prinsipnya, target yang dapat dicapai, dan contoh perhitungan angka kredit untuk penilaian kinerja dosen.
This document summarizes and critiques a qualitative research article titled "Experiences of Australian primary healthcare nurses in using telehealth during COVID-19: a qualitative study." The summary provides an abstract of the original research article in three sentences. It describes the study's objective to explore Australian PHC nurses' experiences with telehealth during COVID-19. It then briefly outlines the study design, participants, methods, and key results relating to themes of preparedness, accessibility, patient care experiences, and impacts on nurses' roles. The document goes on to critique the original research article using the COREQ checklist for qualitative research.
Penerapan Penelitian Kualitatif dalam Manajemen Keperawatan_final.pptxMasHeriK
1. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif seperti fenomenologi, deskriptif kualitatif, grounded theory, dan etnografi untuk menggali pengalaman dan proses yang dihadapi perawat dalam memberikan perawatan kepada pasien.
2. Hasil penelitian mengungkap tema dan kategori pengalaman perawat seperti tantangan dalam pelaporan kejadian, pemberian perawatan yang diprediksi, serta diskriminasi dalam perawatan.
3. Penelitian
This document provides an overview of qualitative research methods including the philosophical paradigms, research design process, data collection and analysis techniques. It describes the interpretive philosophical paradigm that qualitative research operates under and emphasizes the connection between researcher and subjects. The stages of qualitative research are outlined including defining the problem, purpose, research question and appropriate method. Common qualitative methods like case studies, phenomenology and grounded theory are explained. The document also covers data collection strategies, thematic analysis and presenting research findings.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
1. Foundations of Qualitative Research 2
Part 1: Key characteristics of qualitative
research
Presentation by Victoria Clarke
Associate Professor of Qualitative and Critical
Psychology, UWE
August 2021
2. PowerPoint slides from the Braun, Clarke & Hayfield
Qualitative Methods Online Teaching & Learning
Resources Collaboration (QMOTLRC)
3. Topic overview
o This is the second of two lectures – each divided into three parts -
exploring the values, characteristics, and theoretical and
philosophical foundations of qualitative research.
o The aim of this second lecture is to provide further grounding in
the foundations of qualitative research - introducing some of the
concepts and terminology that define qualitative research.
o This lecture explores some of defining characteristics of
qualitative research and how qualitative research differs from
quantitative research.
o This lecture also builds on the discussion of different orientations
to qualitative research in the first lecture by considering
experiential and critical qualitative ‘camps’.
o Finally this lecture explores the key concepts of subjectivity and
reflexivity and the ontological and epistemological foundations of
qualitative research.
o There are some opportunities to pause the recording and reflect
on your knowledge and understanding of qualitative research.
4. Lecture overview
o Part 1: Key characteristics of qualitative research
o Part 2: Experiential and critical qualitive research
o Part 3: Key (theoretical and philosophical) concepts in
qualitative research
5. The growth in qualitative
research (in psychology)
“the growth in qualitative research in recent
years... has been phenomenal. Although the
volume of qualitative research in psychology
relative to quantitative methods remains
modest, and despite the exclusion of
qualitative research from many of the most
prestigious outlets, qualitative articles are
being published increasingly in mainstream
psychology journals. As well, there has been
an explosion in dedicated textbooks, journals,
conferences, and workshops attempting to
address the demand for qualitative research
from students, researchers, practitioners, and
policy makers.” (Madill & Gough, 2008: 254)
6. The emergence of a qualitative research
paradigm – the example of psychology
• Qualitative ideas and approaches have been part of psychology
from its inception.
• However, quantitative methods employed within a (post)positivist,
experimental paradigm have dominated the discipline.
• The more subjective, interpretative introspective (qualitative)
techniques of early psychology became classified as ‘unscientific’.
• It wasn’t until the 1980s that qualitative approaches regained a
foothold, and subsequently flourished, in some areas of
psychology.
• Their (re)appearance reflected the development of a number of
oppositional approaches within the social sciences, which
challenged mainstream (post)positivist empiricist research design
and practice.
• It’s important to understand that qualitative research is not simply
a complementary approach to quantitative research.
7. Pause for reflection 1
• If you have listened to Foundations of Qualitative Research
1, pause the recording and make a note of your
understanding of the definitions of –
• Small q qualitative.
• Big Q qualitative.
8. Big Q and small Q qualitative
research
• The most basic definition of qualitative research is that
it uses words as data, collected and analysed in all sorts
of ways.
• As we explored in Foundations of Qualitative Research
1, the term qualitative research is used to refer both to
techniques (of data collection or data analysis) and to a
wider framework of values for conducting research, or
a paradigm.
• Big Q qualitative research is not just about data and
techniques but the application of qualitative
techniques within a qualitative paradigm (Kidder &
Fine, 1987).
• Small q qualitative research is the use of specific
qualitative data collection and techniques, with a
quantitative or (post)positivist framework.
9. Qualitative research as a paradigm -
characteristics
• An assumption that there is no one correct version of
reality; there are multiple versions of reality (even for one
person) and these are closely linked to the context they
occur in.
• The use of qualitative data, and the analysis of words which
are not reducible to numbers.
• The use of more ‘naturally’ occurring data collection
methods, that more closely resemble real life – this
develops from the idea that we cannot make sense of data
in isolation from context.
• An interest in meanings rather than reports and measures
of behaviour or internal cognitions.
10. Qualitative research as a paradigm
continued
• The use of inductive, theory-generating research.
• A rejection of the natural sciences as a model of research,
including the rejection of the idea of the objective
(unbiased) scientist.
• The recognition that researchers bring their subjectivity into
the research process; this is seen as a strength rather than a
weakness.
See Silverman (2000)
11. What is qualitative research all about?
• “We should avoid seeing qualitative research as a homogeneous
category” (Henwood & Pidgeon, 1994: 226).
• Exploring meaning, rather than (abstract) universal laws of cause
and effect.
• The complexities of meaning in context (multiple interpretations
and meanings); ‘rich’ or ‘thick’ descriptions and interpretations of
meaning and experience.
• Interdependence of individual and social/cultural systems of
meaning.
• Language allows access to the richness of meaning and
experience for people and allows a far deeper understanding of a
phenomenon than using numbers (e.g. ‘giving voice’).
• Some qualitative approaches have an interest in language
practice – the way various objects are represented and the ways
language as a social practice is used to create particular versions
of reality.
12. Pause for reflection 2
• If you have listened to Foundations of Qualitative Research
1, pause the recording and make a note of your
understanding of the definitions of –
• A reflective view of language.
• An active, performative view of language.
13. Theories of language
• Influential British cultural theorist
Stuart Hall’s (1997) demarcated three
different theories of representation –
we have translated this to capture
different conceptualisations of
language:
• Reflective: language reflects true
nature of something – it’s like a mirror,
it reflects back to us the truth of
things. Reflective conceptualisations of
language are realist; a material reality
Independent of language - mind-
independent truth - is assumed to
exist, and be revealed through
language.
14. Intentional and constructionist theories
of language
• Intentional: language is used to convey the speaker’s unique
perspective on things, their reality. We see things uniquely;
we use language to convey our truths. Intentional
conceptualisations of language move away from universal
meanings and locate meaning within the person (the mind-
dependent truth).
• Constructionist conceptualisations treats language as social
and meaning as more malleable and flexible. Meaning is
created or constructed in and through language, and in and
through language use, the ways we talk and write about
things. Language here is understood as symbolic, and
powerful, rather than neutral; as active, rather than passive.
15. Why do qualitative research?
• Some researchers choose qualitative research because it fits with
their ontological and epistemological commitments – more on
‘O&E’ stuff or the ‘ologies in Part 3.
• Some researchers choose qualitative research because of political
commitments (in particular a commitment to social justice):
• ‘Giving voice’ to socially marginalised groups.
• Deconstructing socially dominant sense-making.
• Some researchers choose qualitative research because they have
questions about subjective sense-making and experiences or are
exploring an under/unresearched area:
• Qualitative research is generally more participant led – more
potential for unanticipated insights, for understanding
participants’ world-views and language, for ‘reaching the
parts quantitative methods cannot reach’ .
16. Comparing quantitative and qualitative research
(Tolich & Davidson, 2003)
Quantitative
• Numbers as data.
• Seeks relationships
between variables, to
explain or predict, with
the aim of generalising
the findings.
• Generates ‘shallow’ but
broad data.
• Seeks consensus, norms
or general patterns.
• Tends to be theory-
testing and deductive.
Qualitative
• Words as data.
• Seeks to understand and interpret;
recognises data as gathered in a
context.
• Generates ‘narrow’ but rich data
(depth about a specific issue – ‘thick
descriptions’).
• Seeks patterns, but accommodates and
explores difference and divergence;
good for working with ‘contradictory’
data.
• Tends to be theory generating and
inductive (working up from the data).
17. Comparing quantitative and
qualitative continued
Quantitative
• Values detachment and
impartiality (objectivity).
• Has a fixed design and
method (harder to change
focus once data collection
has begun).
• Can be completed quickly.
• Large numbers of
participants needed (for
statistical power).
Qualitative
• Values personal
involvements and partiality
(subjectivity).
• Design and method are less
fixed (can accommodate a
shift in focus).
• Tends to take longer to
complete.
• Smaller numbers of
participants expected.
18. References for part 1
• Hall, S. (1997). Representation: Cultural representations and
signifying practices. Sage.
• Henwood, K., & Pidgeon, N. (1994). Beyond the qualitative
paradigm: Introducing diversity within qualitative psychology.
Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 4, 225-238.
• Kidder, L. H., & Fine, M. (1987). Qualitative and quantitative
methods: when stories converge. In M. M. Mark & L. Shotland
(Eds.), New directions in program evaluation (pp. 57-75). Jossey-
Bass.
• Madill, A., & Gough, B. (2008). Qualitative research and its place
in psychological science. Psychological Methods, 13(3), 254-271.
• Tolich, M., & Davidson, C. (2003). Collecting the data. In C.
Davidson & M. Tolich (Eds.), Social science research in New
Zealand, 2nd ed. (pp. 121-153). Pearson Education.