26 June 2019: The Pesticides Risk Reduction Seminar provided a good opportunity for experts in OECD governments and stakeholders to share their knowledge, experience and possible concerns in the area of Evolving Digital and Mechanical Technologies for Pesticides and Pest Management.

1. Qualimetre
A forecasting tool for mycotoxins for wheat and corn
Xavier Leprince
Head of Business Sustainability EAME – Syngenta
OECD Conference June 26th 2019 – Paris
Evolving Digital and Mechanical Technologies for Pesticides and Pest Management
Presentation made with support of Alain Froment – Syngenta France

2. 2
Fusarium and mycotoxins issues
Fusarium
• Significant potential yield losses
• Variability related to weather conditions and agronomical
practices
• Field infection level not always correlated with DON content
Mycotoxins
• Food safety because of harmful effects
• Mycotoxins worldwide regulation or recommendation
• Protocols within Food and Feed chain

3. DON forecasting tool for
soft and durum wheat

4. 4
● Climate around flowering stage
● Importance of GAP : variety tolerance, crop rotation, soil
preparation, …
● Crop Protection contribution : Fungicides (Foliar, Seedcare)
Main factors and DON in wheat

5. 5
Agronomic matrix for DON in wheat
Reducing crop (1) = Rapeseed, pea, linseed, potato, barley, alfalfa, cabbage, …
Neutral crop (2) = Oat, sugar beet, wheat, chicory, endive, bean, fallow, lupin, onion, ray grass, soya, sunflower
Maize (3) = maize grain or sorghum
Previous crop
Varietal sensitivity to DON
I a
I a
I b
I a
I b
I b
II a
II a
II b
II a
II b
II a
II b
III a
III a
III a
III b
III a
III b
III a
III b
IV
IV
IV
Soil
cultivation
Grain (3)
Fodder
Grain (3)
Fodder
Maize
Low Low to medium Medium to high High
No
ploughing
Ploughing
No
ploughing
All
Ploughing
Neutral (2)
Reducing(1)
Matrix created in 2001 and modified in 2008 issued from Syngenta wheat monitoring

6. 6
Wheat Monitoring in France – Syngenta data base
● Data with 17 157 soft wheat
samples
● More than 17 year for DON
● 14 243 data for DON, 385 ZEA,
537 T2+HT2
● 2003, 2007, 2008, 2012 et 2016,
years more risky for DON
● No T2-HT2 > 100 ppb
Année
Nb. refs
Année
Nb. refs
Année
Nb. refs
170
410
590 520
140 230
11401230
310 290
70
730
370
170 80
870
370 460
2%
8% 10%
6%
2% 4%
23%23%
5% 6%
2%
16%
7%
1% 1%
19%
9% 8%
0%
25%
50%
75%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Total
1075 807 788 1366 1664 1071 941 920 797 672 492 814 881 517 517 559 362 14243
0
625
1250
1875
%>1250ppb
DON(ppb)
Moyenne de DON % Depassement seuil (1250 ppb)
4
45
25 22
4
13
5 5 3 5
9
18
0%
11% 8%
3%
0%
3% 0% 0% 0%
0% 0%
4%
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Total
18 57 59 69 0 34 30 25 25 15 28 25 385
0
25
50
75
%>100ppb
ZEA(ppb)
Moyenne de ZEA % Depassement seuil (100 ppb)
21
7 9 8
13
2 2
5
2 2 2 4
8
0% 0%
0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
0% 0%
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017Total
33 98 57 59 88 20 34 30 25 25 15 28 25 537
0
15
30
45
%>100ppb
T2+HT2(ppb)
Moyenne de T2+HT2 % Depassement seuil (100 ppb)
Syngenta France 2018 in partnership with grain collectors
Analysis made on grain from field (no cleaning, no grading)

7. 7
Climatic risk Soft wheat Qualimetre 2018
France
84
07
09
11
12
15
19
23
26
30
34
39
43
46
48
63
83
87
04 06
01
03
38
42 69
71
73
74
13
05
66
14
2229
44
50
53
56
61
85 86
49
79
35
16
24
32
33
40
81
31
65
47
82
17
64
54
57
67
88
02 08
10
51 55
52
77
68
27
59
60
62
76
80
95
78
18
28
36
41
45
58
72
37
91
21
25
70
89
90
• from 800 000 ha soft wheat data in Qualimetre
2011
2005
2006
2015
2017
2001
2009
2013
2002
2014
2004
2010
2012
2000
2003
2018
2007
2008
2016

8. 8
Qualimetre report

9. A tool to predict DON, ZEA
and FUMO risk

10. 10
Risqueclimatiquepré-flo&floraison
Très Fort
Fort
Moyen
Faible
years
2015 20162013
Summer climatic risk
2014
+
Risqueclimatiqueautomnal
Très Fort
Fort
Moyen
Faible
years
2015 20162013 20142017 20172018 2018
Autumn climatic risk
Qualimètre in maize provides early information
Qualimètre maize DON and ZEA
Early climatic risk for harvest advise
Global estimation of climatic risk
available middle of September

11. 11
Qualimètre : mycotoxins prediction tool in France
84
07
09
11
12
15
19
23
26
30
34
39
43
46 48
63
83
87
04 06
01
03
38
42 69
71
73
74
13
05
66
14
2229
44
50
53
56
61
85 86
49
79
35
16
24
32
33
40
81
31
65
47
82
17
64
54
57
67
88
02
08
10
51
55
52
77
68
2
7
59
60
62
76
80
95
78
18
28
36
41
45
58
72
37
9
1
21
25
7089
90
 54 partnerships wheat and 16 maize with grain collectors in 2018
 Predictions based on more than 150 000 plots
 380 area of collect and more than 1 300 reports
 estimating more than 4,5 million hectares
Qualimètre is a forecasting tool
to quantify DON level in grain in ppb
for an area according to the agronomic risk
with results for each plots before harvesting in wheat.