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MS – 05: Management of Machines and Materials
1. Explain in detail the framework of planning, organizing and controlling the decisions in
production systems. Give suitable examples to explain the framework.
Answer : A manager’s primary challenge is to solve problems creatively. While drawing from a
variety of academic disciplines, and to help managers respond to the challenge of creative problem
solving, principles of management have long been categorized into the four major functions of
planning, organizing, leading, and controlling (the P-O-L-C framework). The four functions,
summarized in the P-O-L-C figure, are actually highly integrated when carried out in the day-to-day
realities of running an organization. Therefore, you should not get caught up in trying to analyze and
understand a complete, clear rationale for
2. Explain key issues that govern the selection of process in a manufacturing set up.
Answer : When a manufacturing company begins production of a new material, it has a choice as to
the manufacturing process it uses. The type of process depends on the facility, the staff, and the
information systems available. Each process has its advantages and some are best at certain tasks,
for example, large batches of finished goods, or small numbers of custom items. When the decision
is being considered of which manufacturing process to use, there are a number of questions that
should be asked; what are the volumes to be
3. What are the major techniques of work measurement? Discuss two important techniques with
suitable examples.
Answer : Work Measurement Techniques
Image depicts different work measurement techniques, methods or types.

2. Work measurement techniques are listed below:
4. Under what circumstances would you use PERT as opposed to CPM in project management?
Give some example of projects where each would be more applicable than the other.
Answer : Project management has evolved as a new field with the development of two analytic
techniques for planning, scheduling and controlling projects. These are the Critical Path Method
(CPM) and the Project Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT). PERT and CPM are basically time-
oriented methods in the sense that they both lead to the determination of a time schedule.
5. Explain the basic concept of value engineering. Choose any product, system or procedure that
you are conversant with and apply the value tests to find out if there is a scope for value
improvement in it.
Answer : Value engineering is also known as value analysis. Value engineering is a systematic
examination of factors affecting the cost of a product or a service in order to devise means of
achieving the specified purpose at the required standard of quality and reliability of the target cost.
The main aim of value engineering is to achieve a product's target cost,by:
* Identifying improved product designs that reduce the product's cost without sacrificing its
functionality
6. Explain the following:
(i) Wastivity Indices
Answer:
(ii) Taxonomy of waste

3. Answer : Waste is classified by its source and by its properties. To further complicate matters, there
are a number of terms in use which have no legal definition (e.g. difficult waste) and some which,
although they are legally defined, are often used in a broader context (e.g. hazardous waste).
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