SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 41
Oral
Communication
in Context
Week 4, Session 1
1. What have you observed in the image?
2. Who is the speaker? Who is the receiver?
3. Do you think they have understood each
other? Explain your answer.
4. What factors are present in the image that
hinders the smooth flow of
communication between the sender and the
receiver?
5. Do you think you can be a source of a problem in
communication too? Explain
your answer.
What is Communication Breakdown?
Communication breakdown, as defined
by Emily Rodgers in her online article, “is a
failure to exchange information, resulting in
a lack of communication.”
Examples:
• A staff member making a mistake due to
miscommunication or not enough information
given in training.
• Two members of staff doing the same task and
not realizing.
Examples:
3. A colleague not treating a client correctly.
4. Certain vital tasks not being completed
either on time or to the highest
standard because no one in the team is giving
updates to each other.
Examples:
5. An overworked manager sending an email missing vital
information to their
team because they’ve got a client on their case about
completing work.
6. A junior spreading Chinese whispers about the current
state of a project’s
completion because they misheard what their
manager was saying.
SW# 4
SW# 4
Thank you
very much!
Oral
Communication
in Context
Week 4, Session 2
EFFECTS OF
COMMUNICATION
BREAK DOWN
• Loss of morale
When you experience communication breakdown,
there is a tendency that your sense of purpose, and
enthusiasm towards the task, may also be affected.
2. Demotivation
Communication breakdown results to weakening
or even loss of one’s motivation to do what you are
supposed to do.
3. Embarrassment
A person who has experienced communication
breakdown with his team or is the cause of the
communication barrier will eventually feel guilty and
incompetent over that failure and will feel haunted
by that embarrassment.
4. Anger
Communication breakdown is so annoying that
anyone involved can getinto serious trouble.
5. Tension among the team
Everybody in the team gets affected when
communication breakdown strikes. Chances are
people will be pointing fingers to one another.
6. Stress caused to individuals
Communication breakdown does not only
affect the one who caused it
but equally, it affects the person who received the
message but failed to
understand.
7. Loss of clients, business and sales (or
friends/relationships)
Communication breakdown is really harmful. It
will not only break relationships, it can even do
worse. It means losing people who trust you and
whom you trust. Now, you don’t want that to
happen, do you?
8. Disorganization
Nothing goes right when a communication
breakdown occurs. Things,
situations, relationships just fall apart and for
all you know, you are facing broken pieces.
Don’t wait for that to happen. Do something
before things got shattered because of careless
communication.
9. Gossip
When communication goes out of control,
rumors begin to spread like a virus. Wrong
information breaks out and spread faster than the
truth that’s why treat communication with proper
care. Communicate properly and honestly.
Oral
Communication
in Context
Week 4, Session 3
5 Ways to Resolve
Communication
Breakdown
Watch the video about Communication
Breakdown.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I6I
AhXM-vps
SW# 5
Identify the ways to resolve
communication breakdown.
Thank you
very much!
Oral
Communication
in Context
Week 4, Session 3 & 4
Activity
Look for the 10 communication-
related vocabularies hidden in
this word puzzle.
7C’s of Effective
Communication
(Brooms, et.al 2012)
SW# 6
Directions: Seize the 7Cs. Write
the correct “C” word in the
space provided.
Assignment:
Study for a long quiz next
meeting.
Thank you
very much!

More Related Content

Similar to Q1-ORal Communication In Context Module 4.pptx

Communication Barriers
Communication BarriersCommunication Barriers
Communication BarriersRaju Pathan
 
Comm barrier
Comm barrierComm barrier
Comm barrierRadhe81
 
Chapter 3: Barriers in the communication process
Chapter 3: Barriers in the communication process Chapter 3: Barriers in the communication process
Chapter 3: Barriers in the communication process Manas Saha
 
Chapter 1communication
Chapter 1communicationChapter 1communication
Chapter 1communicationfrancom23
 
Chapter 1communication
Chapter 1communicationChapter 1communication
Chapter 1communicationFrank Macharia
 
Leadership Communications
Leadership CommunicationsLeadership Communications
Leadership Communicationsace boado
 
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONINTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONMhel Marquez
 
Consequences Of Poor Communication By Tripurari Pandey
Consequences Of Poor Communication By Tripurari PandeyConsequences Of Poor Communication By Tripurari Pandey
Consequences Of Poor Communication By Tripurari PandeySoumyashree Panigrahi
 
Avoid these 10 mistakes in your internal communications strategy
Avoid these 10 mistakes in your internal communications strategyAvoid these 10 mistakes in your internal communications strategy
Avoid these 10 mistakes in your internal communications strategyVing
 
Barriers in effective communication
Barriers in effective communicationBarriers in effective communication
Barriers in effective communicationTamur Iqbal
 
Chapter 17 from Business Communication for Success was adapted.docx
Chapter 17 from Business Communication for Success was adapted.docxChapter 17 from Business Communication for Success was adapted.docx
Chapter 17 from Business Communication for Success was adapted.docxcravennichole326
 
1) why do you think people have such a hard time avoiding comp.docx
1) why do you think people have such a hard time avoiding comp.docx1) why do you think people have such a hard time avoiding comp.docx
1) why do you think people have such a hard time avoiding comp.docxSONU61709
 
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
COMMUNICATION SKILLSCOMMUNICATION SKILLS
COMMUNICATION SKILLSAkbar Ali
 

Similar to Q1-ORal Communication In Context Module 4.pptx (20)

Communication Barriers
Communication BarriersCommunication Barriers
Communication Barriers
 
Comm barrier
Comm barrierComm barrier
Comm barrier
 
Chapter 3: Barriers in the communication process
Chapter 3: Barriers in the communication process Chapter 3: Barriers in the communication process
Chapter 3: Barriers in the communication process
 
Chapter 1communication
Chapter 1communicationChapter 1communication
Chapter 1communication
 
Chapter 1communication
Chapter 1communicationChapter 1communication
Chapter 1communication
 
19014107-015_Paper Final ENG.pdf
19014107-015_Paper Final ENG.pdf19014107-015_Paper Final ENG.pdf
19014107-015_Paper Final ENG.pdf
 
Leadership Communications
Leadership CommunicationsLeadership Communications
Leadership Communications
 
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONINTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
 
Astha ppt
Astha pptAstha ppt
Astha ppt
 
Consequences Of Poor Communication By Tripurari Pandey
Consequences Of Poor Communication By Tripurari PandeyConsequences Of Poor Communication By Tripurari Pandey
Consequences Of Poor Communication By Tripurari Pandey
 
Avoid these 10 mistakes in your internal communications strategy
Avoid these 10 mistakes in your internal communications strategyAvoid these 10 mistakes in your internal communications strategy
Avoid these 10 mistakes in your internal communications strategy
 
Barriers in effective communication
Barriers in effective communicationBarriers in effective communication
Barriers in effective communication
 
Chapter 17 from Business Communication for Success was adapted.docx
Chapter 17 from Business Communication for Success was adapted.docxChapter 17 from Business Communication for Success was adapted.docx
Chapter 17 from Business Communication for Success was adapted.docx
 
Lecture -1[1](1)
Lecture  -1[1](1)Lecture  -1[1](1)
Lecture -1[1](1)
 
Lesson1
Lesson1Lesson1
Lesson1
 
1) why do you think people have such a hard time avoiding comp.docx
1) why do you think people have such a hard time avoiding comp.docx1) why do you think people have such a hard time avoiding comp.docx
1) why do you think people have such a hard time avoiding comp.docx
 
Organizational communication leadership
Organizational communication leadershipOrganizational communication leadership
Organizational communication leadership
 
Introduction to communication
Introduction to communicationIntroduction to communication
Introduction to communication
 
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
COMMUNICATION SKILLSCOMMUNICATION SKILLS
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
 
Communication
CommunicationCommunication
Communication
 

More from atienzamarwinl

Creative Nonfiction: Revising and Critiquing
Creative Nonfiction: Revising and CritiquingCreative Nonfiction: Revising and Critiquing
Creative Nonfiction: Revising and Critiquingatienzamarwinl
 
Multimedia Resources. English grade 7 modulepptx
Multimedia Resources. English grade 7 modulepptxMultimedia Resources. English grade 7 modulepptx
Multimedia Resources. English grade 7 modulepptxatienzamarwinl
 
Q1-Oral Communication in Context Week 1 Session 1
Q1-Oral Communication in Context Week 1 Session 1Q1-Oral Communication in Context Week 1 Session 1
Q1-Oral Communication in Context Week 1 Session 1atienzamarwinl
 
Q1-Oral Communication in Context. Week 3
Q1-Oral Communication in Context. Week 3Q1-Oral Communication in Context. Week 3
Q1-Oral Communication in Context. Week 3atienzamarwinl
 
Steps to Achieve Effective Listening.pptx
Steps to Achieve Effective Listening.pptxSteps to Achieve Effective Listening.pptx
Steps to Achieve Effective Listening.pptxatienzamarwinl
 
Different Social Structures in the Community.pptx
Different Social Structures in the Community.pptxDifferent Social Structures in the Community.pptx
Different Social Structures in the Community.pptxatienzamarwinl
 
Understanding Strategic Analysis and Intuitive thinking
Understanding Strategic Analysis and Intuitive thinkingUnderstanding Strategic Analysis and Intuitive thinking
Understanding Strategic Analysis and Intuitive thinkingatienzamarwinl
 
Lesson 1 : TRENDS Vs. FADS : Introduction
Lesson 1 : TRENDS  Vs. FADS : IntroductionLesson 1 : TRENDS  Vs. FADS : Introduction
Lesson 1 : TRENDS Vs. FADS : Introductionatienzamarwinl
 

More from atienzamarwinl (8)

Creative Nonfiction: Revising and Critiquing
Creative Nonfiction: Revising and CritiquingCreative Nonfiction: Revising and Critiquing
Creative Nonfiction: Revising and Critiquing
 
Multimedia Resources. English grade 7 modulepptx
Multimedia Resources. English grade 7 modulepptxMultimedia Resources. English grade 7 modulepptx
Multimedia Resources. English grade 7 modulepptx
 
Q1-Oral Communication in Context Week 1 Session 1
Q1-Oral Communication in Context Week 1 Session 1Q1-Oral Communication in Context Week 1 Session 1
Q1-Oral Communication in Context Week 1 Session 1
 
Q1-Oral Communication in Context. Week 3
Q1-Oral Communication in Context. Week 3Q1-Oral Communication in Context. Week 3
Q1-Oral Communication in Context. Week 3
 
Steps to Achieve Effective Listening.pptx
Steps to Achieve Effective Listening.pptxSteps to Achieve Effective Listening.pptx
Steps to Achieve Effective Listening.pptx
 
Different Social Structures in the Community.pptx
Different Social Structures in the Community.pptxDifferent Social Structures in the Community.pptx
Different Social Structures in the Community.pptx
 
Understanding Strategic Analysis and Intuitive thinking
Understanding Strategic Analysis and Intuitive thinkingUnderstanding Strategic Analysis and Intuitive thinking
Understanding Strategic Analysis and Intuitive thinking
 
Lesson 1 : TRENDS Vs. FADS : Introduction
Lesson 1 : TRENDS  Vs. FADS : IntroductionLesson 1 : TRENDS  Vs. FADS : Introduction
Lesson 1 : TRENDS Vs. FADS : Introduction
 

Recently uploaded

Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning ExhibitSociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibitjbellavia9
 
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...Poonam Aher Patil
 
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17Celine George
 
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701bronxfugly43
 
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptxBasic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptxDenish Jangid
 
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy ConsultingGrant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy ConsultingTechSoup
 
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfActivity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfciinovamais
 
ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptxICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptxAreebaZafar22
 
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...ZurliaSoop
 
microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introductionmicrowave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introductionMaksud Ahmed
 
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdfHoldier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdfagholdier
 
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docx
PROCESS      RECORDING        FORMAT.docxPROCESS      RECORDING        FORMAT.docx
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docxPoojaSen20
 
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptx
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptxMagic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptx
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptxdhanalakshmis0310
 
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The BasicsIntroduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The BasicsTechSoup
 
Making communications land - Are they received and understood as intended? we...
Making communications land - Are they received and understood as intended? we...Making communications land - Are they received and understood as intended? we...
Making communications land - Are they received and understood as intended? we...Association for Project Management
 
Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptx
Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptxDyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptx
Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptxcallscotland1987
 
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxheathfieldcps1
 
Russian Escort Service in Delhi 11k Hotel Foreigner Russian Call Girls in Delhi
Russian Escort Service in Delhi 11k Hotel Foreigner Russian Call Girls in DelhiRussian Escort Service in Delhi 11k Hotel Foreigner Russian Call Girls in Delhi
Russian Escort Service in Delhi 11k Hotel Foreigner Russian Call Girls in Delhikauryashika82
 
SKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptx
SKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptxSKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptx
SKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptxAmanpreet Kaur
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning ExhibitSociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
Sociology 101 Demonstration of Learning Exhibit
 
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual  Proper...
General Principles of Intellectual Property: Concepts of Intellectual Proper...
 
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
 
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
ComPTIA Overview | Comptia Security+ Book SY0-701
 
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptxBasic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
Basic Civil Engineering first year Notes- Chapter 4 Building.pptx
 
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy ConsultingGrant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
Grant Readiness 101 TechSoup and Remy Consulting
 
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdfActivity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
Activity 01 - Artificial Culture (1).pdf
 
ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptxICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
ICT Role in 21st Century Education & its Challenges.pptx
 
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17
How to Create and Manage Wizard in Odoo 17
 
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
 
microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introductionmicrowave assisted reaction. General introduction
microwave assisted reaction. General introduction
 
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdfHoldier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf
Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf
 
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docx
PROCESS      RECORDING        FORMAT.docxPROCESS      RECORDING        FORMAT.docx
PROCESS RECORDING FORMAT.docx
 
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptx
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptxMagic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptx
Magic bus Group work1and 2 (Team 3).pptx
 
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The BasicsIntroduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics
 
Making communications land - Are they received and understood as intended? we...
Making communications land - Are they received and understood as intended? we...Making communications land - Are they received and understood as intended? we...
Making communications land - Are they received and understood as intended? we...
 
Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptx
Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptxDyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptx
Dyslexia AI Workshop for Slideshare.pptx
 
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
 
Russian Escort Service in Delhi 11k Hotel Foreigner Russian Call Girls in Delhi
Russian Escort Service in Delhi 11k Hotel Foreigner Russian Call Girls in DelhiRussian Escort Service in Delhi 11k Hotel Foreigner Russian Call Girls in Delhi
Russian Escort Service in Delhi 11k Hotel Foreigner Russian Call Girls in Delhi
 
SKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptx
SKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptxSKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptx
SKILL OF INTRODUCING THE LESSON MICRO SKILLS.pptx
 

Q1-ORal Communication In Context Module 4.pptx

  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. 1. What have you observed in the image? 2. Who is the speaker? Who is the receiver? 3. Do you think they have understood each other? Explain your answer.
  • 6. 4. What factors are present in the image that hinders the smooth flow of communication between the sender and the receiver? 5. Do you think you can be a source of a problem in communication too? Explain your answer.
  • 7. What is Communication Breakdown? Communication breakdown, as defined by Emily Rodgers in her online article, “is a failure to exchange information, resulting in a lack of communication.”
  • 8. Examples: • A staff member making a mistake due to miscommunication or not enough information given in training. • Two members of staff doing the same task and not realizing.
  • 9. Examples: 3. A colleague not treating a client correctly. 4. Certain vital tasks not being completed either on time or to the highest standard because no one in the team is giving updates to each other.
  • 10. Examples: 5. An overworked manager sending an email missing vital information to their team because they’ve got a client on their case about completing work. 6. A junior spreading Chinese whispers about the current state of a project’s completion because they misheard what their manager was saying.
  • 11. SW# 4
  • 12. SW# 4
  • 16. • Loss of morale When you experience communication breakdown, there is a tendency that your sense of purpose, and enthusiasm towards the task, may also be affected. 2. Demotivation Communication breakdown results to weakening or even loss of one’s motivation to do what you are supposed to do.
  • 17. 3. Embarrassment A person who has experienced communication breakdown with his team or is the cause of the communication barrier will eventually feel guilty and incompetent over that failure and will feel haunted by that embarrassment.
  • 18. 4. Anger Communication breakdown is so annoying that anyone involved can getinto serious trouble. 5. Tension among the team Everybody in the team gets affected when communication breakdown strikes. Chances are people will be pointing fingers to one another.
  • 19. 6. Stress caused to individuals Communication breakdown does not only affect the one who caused it but equally, it affects the person who received the message but failed to understand.
  • 20. 7. Loss of clients, business and sales (or friends/relationships) Communication breakdown is really harmful. It will not only break relationships, it can even do worse. It means losing people who trust you and whom you trust. Now, you don’t want that to happen, do you?
  • 21. 8. Disorganization Nothing goes right when a communication breakdown occurs. Things, situations, relationships just fall apart and for all you know, you are facing broken pieces. Don’t wait for that to happen. Do something before things got shattered because of careless communication.
  • 22. 9. Gossip When communication goes out of control, rumors begin to spread like a virus. Wrong information breaks out and spread faster than the truth that’s why treat communication with proper care. Communicate properly and honestly.
  • 24. 5 Ways to Resolve Communication Breakdown
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28. Watch the video about Communication Breakdown. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I6I AhXM-vps
  • 29. SW# 5 Identify the ways to resolve communication breakdown.
  • 32. Activity Look for the 10 communication- related vocabularies hidden in this word puzzle.
  • 33.
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38. SW# 6 Directions: Seize the 7Cs. Write the correct “C” word in the space provided.
  • 39.
  • 40. Assignment: Study for a long quiz next meeting.