Q1. Definitions of leadership: a. strongly influence the design and interpretation of research b. are strongly influenced by research on unconscious processes c. reflect general agreement about the nature of leadership d. are pointless because there is no basis for verification Q2. What is the most common element in definitions of leadership? a. leadership is an authority relationship b. leadership is the ability to make good decisions c. leadership is an attribution made by followers d. leadership is an influence process Q3. Charismatic leadership is an example of which approach for studying leadership? a. leader traits b. leader behavior c. situational d. integrative Q4. Most leadership theories emphasize: a. leader characteristics b. follower characteristics c. both leader and follower characteristics d. characteristics of the leadership situation Q5. What level of leadership processes is emphasized in most theories of effective leadership? a. intra-individual b. dyadic c. group d. organizational Q6. Leadership effectiveness is best assessed: a. by evaluations from the leader\'s boss b. by subordinate evaluations of the leader c. by a variety of subjective and objective criteria d. by objective indicators of group performance Q7. Recent leadership theories such as charismatic and transformational leadership: a. emphasize rational processes more than rational processes b. emphasize emotional processes more than rational processes c. describe emotional and rational processes as equally important d. de-emphasized both rational and emotional processes Q8. Which is the least accurate statement about the outcomes of leadership actions? a. immediate and delayed outcomes are usually consistent with each other b. immediate outcomes are easier to predict than end-result outcomes c. immediate and delayed outcomes are usually interrelated in complex causal chains d. end-result outcomes are less useful as criteria of leadership effectiveness Q9. What is the best explanation for so many different definitions of leadership? a. scholarly nitpicking b. disagreement about what should be considered leadership processes c. leadership behavior cannot be studied in a scientific way d. leadership is a very old topic Q10. What process is emphasized in the definition of leadership proposed by Yukl? a. influencing followers to have complete trust in the leader b. motivating followers to do more than they initially expected c. facilitating collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives d. empowering each follower to become self reliant Q11. The descriptive research found that a network of contacts and cooperative relationships is especially important to: a. motivate subordinates b. implement change c. improve time management d. identify quality problems in the work Q12. Which of the following was not found to be characteristic of managers in most descriptive studies? a. they spend much of their time engaged in oral communication b. they spend considerable time e.

1. Q1. Definitions of leadership:
a. strongly influence the design and interpretation of research
b. are strongly influenced by research on unconscious processes
c. reflect general agreement about the nature of leadership
d. are pointless because there is no basis for verification
Q2. What is the most common element in definitions of leadership?
a. leadership is an authority relationship
b. leadership is the ability to make good decisions
c. leadership is an attribution made by followers
d. leadership is an influence process
Q3. Charismatic leadership is an example of which approach for studying leadership?
a. leader traits
b. leader behavior
c. situational
d. integrative
Q4. Most leadership theories emphasize:
a. leader characteristics
b. follower characteristics
c. both leader and follower characteristics
d. characteristics of the leadership situation
Q5. What level of leadership processes is emphasized in most theories of effective leadership?
a. intra-individual
b. dyadic
c. group
d. organizational
Q6. Leadership effectiveness is best assessed:
a. by evaluations from the leader's boss
b. by subordinate evaluations of the leader
c. by a variety of subjective and objective criteria
d. by objective indicators of group performance

2. Q7. Recent leadership theories such as charismatic and transformational leadership:
a. emphasize rational processes more than rational processes
b. emphasize emotional processes more than rational processes
c. describe emotional and rational processes as equally important
d. de-emphasized both rational and emotional processes
Q8. Which is the least accurate statement about the outcomes of leadership actions?
a. immediate and delayed outcomes are usually consistent with each other
b. immediate outcomes are easier to predict than end-result outcomes
c. immediate and delayed outcomes are usually interrelated in complex causal chains
d. end-result outcomes are less useful as criteria of leadership effectiveness
Q9. What is the best explanation for so many different definitions of leadership?
a. scholarly nitpicking
b. disagreement about what should be considered leadership processes
c. leadership behavior cannot be studied in a scientific way
d. leadership is a very old topic
Q10. What process is emphasized in the definition of leadership proposed by Yukl?
a. influencing followers to have complete trust in the leader
b. motivating followers to do more than they initially expected
c. facilitating collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives
d. empowering each follower to become self reliant
Q11. The descriptive research found that a network of contacts and cooperative relationships is
especially important to:
a. motivate subordinates
b. implement change
c. improve time management
d. identify quality problems in the work
Q12. Which of the following was not found to be characteristic of managers in most descriptive
studies?
a. they spend much of their time engaged in oral communication
b. they spend considerable time engaged in reflective activities such as planning

3. c. they spend considerable time engaged in lateral communication with peers
d. they are engaged in a large variety of brief activities during a typical workday
Q13. Which was not mentioned as one of the four general processes in managerial work?
a. making decisions
b. satisfying customers
c. developing relationships
d. influencing people
Q14. Effective managers are most likely to:
a. concentrate on solving the easy problems first
b. concentrate on solving the most difficult problems first
c. deal with each problem as soon as it is discovered
d. look for ways to solve related problems at the same time
Q15. Research on managerial activities found that managers typically spend the most time:
a. in their office
b. with subordinates
c. reading and writing reports, memos, and correspondence
d. in informal meetings
Q16. In comparison to low-level managers, most top executives:
a. are more focused on solving immediate problems
b. are more autocratic in their decision making
c. have a stronger concern about efficiency
d. have a longer time perspective
Q17. Managers in large units tend to:
a. use less delegation
b. use more group decision making
c. spend more time planning and coordinating
d. provide more coaching
Q18. The descriptive research shows that effective managers are likely to:
a. carefully study each possible option before acting
b. experiment with innovative ideas and approaches

4. c. get authorization before taking action in order to protect themselves
d. get complete agreement from concerned parties before taking action
Q19. Planning in organizations is usually:
a. formal and detailed
b. formal and flexible
c. informal and detailed
d. informal and flexible
Q20. According to Mintzberg, which type of role is likely to get the highest priority?
a. entrepreneur
b. spokesperson
c. disturbance handler
d. negotiator
Solution
1.( a). strongly influence the design and interpretation of research
2.(d). leadership is an influence process
3.
4. a. leader characteristics
5. (b.) dyadic
6.c. by a variety of subjective and objective criteria
8. a. immediate and delayed outcomes are usually consistent with each other
9. b. disagreement about what should be considered leadership processes
10.c. facilitating collective efforts to accomplish shared objectives
11 b. implement change
12. b. they spend considerable time engaged in reflective activities such as planning
13.d. influencing people
14. c. deal with each problem as soon as it is discovered
15. c. reading and writing reports, memos, and correspondence
16 d. have a longer time perspective
17 c. spend more time planning and coordinating
18.b. experiment with innovative ideas and approaches
19. d. informal and flexible
20. (a) spokesperson