Purpose Write formal specification of a system in Z language notatio.pdf
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Purpose: Write formal specification of a system in Z language notations. 1. Problem \#1 Phone Directory Specification We consider a system of phone directory in which a user may have one or more phone number and a phone number might be associated to different people. We assume the following basic types [ PERSON PHONE] The state schema is defined formally with the following schema Directory dir: PERSON PHONE Initially the directory is empty InitDirectory Directory dir={} Answer the following questions: 1.a Write specification of AddEntry operation which takes a person and a phone as input and add it to the directory. This operation doesn't deal with error cases or provide any output report. 1.b Write specification of GetTelphoneNumber operation which takes a person as input and return a report of all telephone number associated with this name. 1.c Write specification of GetNames operation which takes a phone as input and returns a list of names associated to this number. 1.d Write specification of RemoveEntry operation which takes a person and a phone as input and remove that entry from the directory (if it exists)..
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![Purpose: Write formal specification of a system in Z language notations. 1. Problem #1 Phone
Directory Specification We consider a system of phone directory in which a user may have one
or more phone number and a phone number might be associated to different people. We assume
the following basic types [ PERSON PHONE] The state schema is defined formally with the
following schema Directory dir: PERSON PHONE Initially the directory is empty InitDirectory
Directory dir={} Answer the following questions: 1.a Write specification of AddEntry operation
which takes a person and a phone as input and add it to the directory. This operation doesn't deal
with error cases or provide any output report. 1.b Write specification of GetTelphoneNumber
operation which takes a person as input and return a report of all telephone number associated
with this name. 1.c Write specification of GetNames operation which takes a phone as input and
returns a list of names associated to this number. 1.d Write specification of RemoveEntry
operation which takes a person and a phone as input and remove that entry from the directory (if
it exists).](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/purposewriteformalspecificationofasysteminzlanguagenotatio-231005221020-9c65a50d/85/Purpose-Write-formal-specification-of-a-system-in-Z-language-notatio-pdf-1-320.jpg)
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[10] Write a Java application which first reads data from the phoneb.pdf![[10] Write a Java application which first reads data from the phoneb.pdf](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
[10] Write a Java application which first reads data from the phonebook file here:
660749054 Iwjint, Taib
638727163 Jroch, Ov
989981308 Vihoost, Yssoub
339223911 Vokoiv, Jishar
718489075 Owut, Praint
150942045 Bryk, Bloneip
862082436 Oich, Xoipjtt
703482042 Brjsh, Nuw
921326275 Bloop, Yss
472635412 Chivoon, Toupfaipf
into an ArrayList of phonebook entries. You may download the file and have your application
load it locally or have your application download the file directly. We’ll need to differentiate
between the name and phone number when sorting and retrieving data, so each entry should
consist of separate fields for the name and phone number (e.g., a class with two private String
variables would be considered good style here).
Solution
The PhoneDirectory class:
/* An object of type PhoneDirectory holds a list of names and associated
phone numbers. In this simple implementation, both the names and the
numbers are stored as strings. The names and numbers must be non-null
strings, but no attempt is made to ensure that the values make sense.
Comparison of names is in all cases case-insensitive. A given name
cannot occur more than once in the directory. The instance methods
throw IllegalArgumentExceptions when the rules are violated.
The instance methods load() and save() are provided for loading
the data for the directory from a stream and for saving the data
to a stream.*/
import java.io.*;
public class PhoneDirectory {
/* The data for the directory is stored in a pair of arrays. The phone
number associated with the name names[i] is numbers[i]. These
arrays will grow, as necessary, to accommodate as many entries as
are added to the directory. The variable count keeps track of
the number of entires in the directory. */
private String[] names = new String[1];
private String[] numbers = new String[1];
private int count = 0;
public boolean changed; // This variable is set to true whenever a change
// is made to the data in this directory. The value
// is false when the object is created. The only time
// that it is reset to false is if the load() method
// is used to load a phone directory from a stream.
// (Programs that use the directory can also set the
// value of changed if they want, since it\'s public.)
public void load(TextReader in) throws IOException {
// Clears any entries currently in the directory, and loads
// a new set of directory entries from the TextReader. The
// data must consist of the following: a line containing the
// number of entries in the directory; two lines for each
// entry, with the name on the first line and the associated
// number on the second line. Note that this method might
// throw an IllegalArgumentException if the data in the file
// is not valid -- for example if the same name occurs twice.
// Note that if an error does occur, then the original
// data in the directory remains.
int newCount = in.getlnInt();
String[] newNames = new String[newCount + 5];
String[] newNumbers = new String[newCount + 5];
for.
A c program of Phonebook application
This program is a simple application that you can find on your mobile as a contacts app. This allows the users to save contacts under a name.
CLIENT APPLICATION Create a standalone, interactive, and fully com.pdf
CLIENT APPLICATION
Create a standalone, interactive, and fully commented client application that interacts with a user
and serves as an interface to a server application and performs these tasks: Input strings should
be made up of one or more words (groups of alphanumeric characters)
1. Open and process a configuration file (see below for details)
2. Open a log file using parameters (filename, logging level, and file mode) obtained from the
configuration file and write all major activity to the log file
3. Connect to the server application over the network using the IP address and port number from
the configuration file
a. Upon your connection being successful, write an informational Connected to message to the
screen
4. Loop while prompting the user of the application for input strings.
a. If an empty string was entered, print an appropriate error reporting that no command was
entered
5. Process each input string as follows:
a. Write the original input string to the log file
b. Parse the input string by tokenizing the string, delimiting on whitespace (blanks)
c. Convert (translate) only the first token to all uppercase characters. The first token will be the
command in the server request
d. Concatenate the remainder of the tokens into a string, each separated by whitespace (blanks).
This string will be the parameter in the server request (Note: the parameter string may be empty)
6. Create a server request from the command and the parameter as a JSON-formatted string (see
details below)
7. Send the server request to the server application and wait for a server response a. The server
response will consist of a response element and a parameter element (see Server Application
requirements below)
8. Read the server response and:
a. Write the entire received server response to the log file
b. Print the parameter element of the server response received to the screen
c. If the response element in the server response is QUITTING: i. Print an appropriate Shutting
down message to the screen and log file ii. Exit the application
Client Application Details
1. Input strings should be made up of one or more words (groups of alphanumeric characters)
2.In the client configuration file, If the sections below do not exist, add them; if they do exist,
alter them as follows:
[project200]
# server IP address serverHost = 127.0.0.1
# server listening port (> 1024) serverPort = 7721 [logging] # log file filename
logFile = -project200-client.log # logging level logLevel = INFO # log file mode (w = write, a =
append) logFileMode = a
4. From the configuration file, project200 section, read the serverHost and serverPort
configuration fields and store their parameter values.
5. From the configuration file, logging section, read the logFile, logLevel, and logFileMode
configuration fields and store their parameter values
6. When creating a socket object, use the AF_INET address family (so host can be expressed as a
hostname) and the SOCK_STREAM socket type (TCP socket).
7.
Presentation on C language By Kirtika thakur
C is a programming language.c is a base language for c++ or other programming language.
Complicated declarations in c
Many times you might have wondered about all the complex and strange syntaxes of functions, variables and pointers in c. But these declarations are not as complex as it looks at first. When you know where to look and how to look, reading these syntaxes would become a piece of cake. Just see this presentation and you will find it very easy to read all the complexities in c.
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[10] Write a Java application which first reads data from the phoneb.pdf
[10] Write a Java application which first reads data from the phonebook file here:
660749054 Iwjint, Taib
638727163 Jroch, Ov
989981308 Vihoost, Yssoub
339223911 Vokoiv, Jishar
718489075 Owut, Praint
150942045 Bryk, Bloneip
862082436 Oich, Xoipjtt
703482042 Brjsh, Nuw
921326275 Bloop, Yss
472635412 Chivoon, Toupfaipf
into an ArrayList of phonebook entries. You may download the file and have your application
load it locally or have your application download the file directly. We’ll need to differentiate
between the name and phone number when sorting and retrieving data, so each entry should
consist of separate fields for the name and phone number (e.g., a class with two private String
variables would be considered good style here).
Solution
The PhoneDirectory class:
/* An object of type PhoneDirectory holds a list of names and associated
phone numbers. In this simple implementation, both the names and the
numbers are stored as strings. The names and numbers must be non-null
strings, but no attempt is made to ensure that the values make sense.
Comparison of names is in all cases case-insensitive. A given name
cannot occur more than once in the directory. The instance methods
throw IllegalArgumentExceptions when the rules are violated.
The instance methods load() and save() are provided for loading
the data for the directory from a stream and for saving the data
to a stream.*/
import java.io.*;
public class PhoneDirectory {
/* The data for the directory is stored in a pair of arrays. The phone
number associated with the name names[i] is numbers[i]. These
arrays will grow, as necessary, to accommodate as many entries as
are added to the directory. The variable count keeps track of
the number of entires in the directory. */
private String[] names = new String[1];
private String[] numbers = new String[1];
private int count = 0;
public boolean changed; // This variable is set to true whenever a change
// is made to the data in this directory. The value
// is false when the object is created. The only time
// that it is reset to false is if the load() method
// is used to load a phone directory from a stream.
// (Programs that use the directory can also set the
// value of changed if they want, since it\'s public.)
public void load(TextReader in) throws IOException {
// Clears any entries currently in the directory, and loads
// a new set of directory entries from the TextReader. The
// data must consist of the following: a line containing the
// number of entries in the directory; two lines for each
// entry, with the name on the first line and the associated
// number on the second line. Note that this method might
// throw an IllegalArgumentException if the data in the file
// is not valid -- for example if the same name occurs twice.
// Note that if an error does occur, then the original
// data in the directory remains.
int newCount = in.getlnInt();
String[] newNames = new String[newCount + 5];
String[] newNumbers = new String[newCount + 5];
for.
A c program of Phonebook application
This program is a simple application that you can find on your mobile as a contacts app. This allows the users to save contacts under a name.
CLIENT APPLICATION Create a standalone, interactive, and fully com.pdf
CLIENT APPLICATION
Create a standalone, interactive, and fully commented client application that interacts with a user
and serves as an interface to a server application and performs these tasks: Input strings should
be made up of one or more words (groups of alphanumeric characters)
1. Open and process a configuration file (see below for details)
2. Open a log file using parameters (filename, logging level, and file mode) obtained from the
configuration file and write all major activity to the log file
3. Connect to the server application over the network using the IP address and port number from
the configuration file
a. Upon your connection being successful, write an informational Connected to message to the
screen
4. Loop while prompting the user of the application for input strings.
a. If an empty string was entered, print an appropriate error reporting that no command was
entered
5. Process each input string as follows:
a. Write the original input string to the log file
b. Parse the input string by tokenizing the string, delimiting on whitespace (blanks)
c. Convert (translate) only the first token to all uppercase characters. The first token will be the
command in the server request
d. Concatenate the remainder of the tokens into a string, each separated by whitespace (blanks).
This string will be the parameter in the server request (Note: the parameter string may be empty)
6. Create a server request from the command and the parameter as a JSON-formatted string (see
details below)
7. Send the server request to the server application and wait for a server response a. The server
response will consist of a response element and a parameter element (see Server Application
requirements below)
8. Read the server response and:
a. Write the entire received server response to the log file
b. Print the parameter element of the server response received to the screen
c. If the response element in the server response is QUITTING: i. Print an appropriate Shutting
down message to the screen and log file ii. Exit the application
Client Application Details
1. Input strings should be made up of one or more words (groups of alphanumeric characters)
2.In the client configuration file, If the sections below do not exist, add them; if they do exist,
alter them as follows:
[project200]
# server IP address serverHost = 127.0.0.1
# server listening port (> 1024) serverPort = 7721 [logging] # log file filename
logFile = -project200-client.log # logging level logLevel = INFO # log file mode (w = write, a =
append) logFileMode = a
4. From the configuration file, project200 section, read the serverHost and serverPort
configuration fields and store their parameter values.
5. From the configuration file, logging section, read the logFile, logLevel, and logFileMode
configuration fields and store their parameter values
6. When creating a socket object, use the AF_INET address family (so host can be expressed as a
hostname) and the SOCK_STREAM socket type (TCP socket).
7.
Presentation on C language By Kirtika thakur
C is a programming language.c is a base language for c++ or other programming language.
Complicated declarations in c
Many times you might have wondered about all the complex and strange syntaxes of functions, variables and pointers in c. But these declarations are not as complex as it looks at first. When you know where to look and how to look, reading these syntaxes would become a piece of cake. Just see this presentation and you will find it very easy to read all the complexities in c.
Write a program in c++ that maintains a telephone directory. The Tel.pdf
Write a program in c++ that maintains a telephone directory. The Telephone directory keeps
records of people’s names and the corresponding phone numbers.
The program should read a transaction file and report the result into an output file. The
transaction file can include commands such as “Add”, “Delete”, “Display”, and “Update”, and
“Search”. Each command is written in one line with a few other information.
The “Display” Command should simply display everyone in the directory on the screen
The “Add” command comes with 3 other information that includes “First Name”, “Last Name”,
and “Phone Number”. You should only add this command if the phone number is unique and it is
not assigned to any other person. Otherwise an error statement should be generated to indicate
that “Duplicate phone number is not allowed”. If the addition of the record is successful, you
need to report that in the output file as follows:
“First Name”, “Last Name”, “Phone Number” has been successfully added to the directory
If the addition fails, you should report that
“**** ERROR IN ADD **** “Phone Number” already exist in the directory
The “Delete” command comes with the “Phone Number” indicating that this record should be
deleted from the directory. You should only delete the record if you can find the phone number.
If you could remove the record from the directory, you should report:
“First Name”, “Last Name”, “Phone Number” has been successfully deleted from the directory
If the delete fails, you should report that
“**** ERROR IN DELETE **** “Phone Number” does exist in the directory
The “Update” command come with two values, “Phone Number” and “New Phone Number”.
You program should first search for “Phone Number” and find out if such a phone number exist
in the directory. If it does not find it, it should report:
“**** ERROR IN UPDATE **** The Phone Number does not exist in the directory
However, if it finds the phone number, there are two cases. If the “New Phone Number” already
exists in the directory, it should report
“**** ERROR IN UPDATE **** The New Phone Number “New Phone Number” already exist
in the directory.
If the “New Phone Number” does not exist in the directory, your program should replace the
“Old Phone Number” with the “New Phone Number” and report
The Phone Number “Old Phone Number” is successfully updated to “New Phone Number”
There are two types of “Search” commands. One is done based on the last name and another is
done based on the phone number. If it is done based on the last name, the search command can
be as follows:
Search BasedOnLastName “LastName”
In this case the search is done based on the last name. Your program should search for all records
with that last name and report them on the screen. If the search fails your report should have the
following format
“**** ERROR IN SEARCH **** No Record with the last name “Last Name” could be found”
If the search is done based on the phone number, the command should be
Search BasedOnPhoneNumber “Phone.
Program Specifications ( please show full working code that builds s.pdf
Program Specifications ( please show full working code that builds successfully and with all
implementations )
This program is to build a simplified Address Book application (console version). The Address
Book will allow employees or contractors working for a company to search contact information
of their peers. The program should allow users to:
View all employees/contractors contact information
Search by name
Insert new contact
From CS 2B concepts the assignment should cover:
Linked List implementation
Abstract classes with pure virtual functions
Polymorphism and dynamic_cast
Operator Overloading
Sample run of your program:
TP Communications Address Book Menu
1. View all contacts // polymorphism
2. Search by name // operator overloading
3. Search by department // employees only - dynamic_cast
4. Quit
Select an option (1-4): 1
// showing all contacts
// ..............................................
TP Communications Address Book Menu
1. View all contacts
2. Search by name
3. Search by department
4. Quit
Select an option (1-4): 2
Enter a contact name: Jane Doe
Sorry no match is found.
TP Communications Address Book Menu
1. View all contacts
2. Search by name
3. Search by department
4. Quit
Select an option (1-4): 2
Enter a contact first name: James
Enter a contact last name: West
// display James West contact information
// ..............................................
TP Communications Address Book Menu
1. View all contacts
2. Search by name
3. Search by department
4. Quit
Select an option (1-4): 3
Enter a department: Engineering
// display all employees in Engineering department
4. Quit
Select an option (1-4): 4
Thanks for using our AddressBook. See you again!
Implementation Phases
You've been thru half of the quarter. It's time to learn how to use divide-conquer technique to
efficiently deal with complex programs especially in work place environment with multiple
developers. In such environment typically we would divide the program into different phases.
Each developer is assigned to develop different classes or different components in the same
class. At the conclusion of each phase we will perform unit testing to ensure the individual
assignments are working properly per customer's specs. By the end of the project there will be an
integrating process that puts all code together and starts the integration test performed by QA
(Quality Assurance) engineers. You're strongly encouraged (but not required) to do the below
while working on this assignment. It's up to you however to schedule/devise your own plan of
implementing this program.
Phase 1: develop the skeleton of your program (main function and class declarations and
definitions with no-op or empty function bodies) without any specific implementation to the
classes. See example at the end of the specs.
Phase 2: implement the abstract base class Contact and its derived classes.
Phase 3: implement the Linked List of Contact namely ContactList.
Phase 4: implement AddressBook class and t.
C language function
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ProjectCompilers.pdfPage 1 of 6 Project Con.docx
ProjectCompilers.pdf
Page 1 of 6
Project: Construction of a Simple Parser
INSTRUCTIONS:
You will illustrate the basic phases of the compilation process (lexical, syntax, and
semantic analysis) through a simple compiler for a programming language model
“NEWLANG”.
The programming language “NEWLANG” is very simple.
A. Lexical Conventions of NEWLANG
1. The keywords of the language are the following:
declare read write
All keywords are reserved, and must be written in lower case.
2. Special symbols are the following:
{ } ( ) = + - ;
3. Other tokens are NAME that represents a string of letters and numbers, starting with a
letter, and NUMBER that represents a sequence of digits.
Lower and upper case letters are distinct.
4. White space consists of blanks, newlines, and tabs. White space is ignored except it
must separate NAME’s, NUMBER’s, and keywords.
Page 2 of 6
B. Syntax and Semantics of NEWLANG
The syntax of “NEWLANG” is described by the grammar rules defined as follows:
program : { statement_list }
;
statement_list : statement ; statement_list
| ε
;
statement : declaration
| assignment
| read_statement
| write_statement
;
declaration : declare var
;
assignment : var = expression
;
read_statement : read var
;
write_statement : write expression
;
expression : term
| term + term
| term - term
;
term : NUMBER
| var
| ( expression )
;
var : NAME
;
The semantics of ‘NEWLANG” should be clear: a “NEWLANG” program consists of a
sequence o f read/write or assignment st ate men ts. There are integer-valued v a r i a b l e s
Page 3 of 6
(which need to be declared before they are used), and expressions are restricted to
addition and subtraction.
C. Example of NEWLANG source program
A simple NEWLANG program is shown below:
f
{
declare xyz;
xyz = (33+3)-35;
write xyz;
}
The output of the above program is, of course, 1.
D. Project Implementation
The project consists of three phases:
Phase I: Lexical Analysis
With the aid of the lexical analysis generator tool Flex, you will construct the lexical
analyzer, in order to transform a sequence of input characters into a sequence of tokens.
Phase II: Syntax Analysis
With the aid of the syntax analysis generator tool Bison, you will construct the syntax
analyzer, the parser, in order to check whether the sequence of tokens is grammatically
correct, according to the grammar rules that define the syntax of the source language.
Looking at the grammar rules for “NEWLANG” (see section B, above) it seems clear
that a program is syntactically correct if the structure of the tokens matches the structure
of a <program> as defined by these rules.
Phase III: Semantic Analysis
Having established that the source text is syntactically correct, the compiler must now
per ...
A c program of Phonebook application
This program is a simple application that you can find on your mobile as a contacts app. This allows the users to save contacts under a name.
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4.5 Recursive functions
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5.4 Handling functions using pointers
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Structures
6.3 Initializing, assessing structure members using pointers
6.4 Type def, Enumerated Data Type,
using structures in C Program
6.5 Operations on structure."
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MRS.SOWMYA JYOTHI,SDMCBM,MANGALORE
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Write a program in c++ that maintains a telephone directory. The Tel.pdf
Write a program in c++ that maintains a telephone directory. The Telephone directory keeps
records of people’s names and the corresponding phone numbers.
The program should read a transaction file and report the result into an output file. The
transaction file can include commands such as “Add”, “Delete”, “Display”, and “Update”, and
“Search”. Each command is written in one line with a few other information.
The “Display” Command should simply display everyone in the directory on the screen
The “Add” command comes with 3 other information that includes “First Name”, “Last Name”,
and “Phone Number”. You should only add this command if the phone number is unique and it is
not assigned to any other person. Otherwise an error statement should be generated to indicate
that “Duplicate phone number is not allowed”. If the addition of the record is successful, you
need to report that in the output file as follows:
“First Name”, “Last Name”, “Phone Number” has been successfully added to the directory
If the addition fails, you should report that
“**** ERROR IN ADD **** “Phone Number” already exist in the directory
The “Delete” command comes with the “Phone Number” indicating that this record should be
deleted from the directory. You should only delete the record if you can find the phone number.
If you could remove the record from the directory, you should report:
“First Name”, “Last Name”, “Phone Number” has been successfully deleted from the directory
If the delete fails, you should report that
“**** ERROR IN DELETE **** “Phone Number” does exist in the directory
The “Update” command come with two values, “Phone Number” and “New Phone Number”.
You program should first search for “Phone Number” and find out if such a phone number exist
in the directory. If it does not find it, it should report:
“**** ERROR IN UPDATE **** The Phone Number does not exist in the directory
However, if it finds the phone number, there are two cases. If the “New Phone Number” already
exists in the directory, it should report
“**** ERROR IN UPDATE **** The New Phone Number “New Phone Number” already exist
in the directory.
If the “New Phone Number” does not exist in the directory, your program should replace the
“Old Phone Number” with the “New Phone Number” and report
The Phone Number “Old Phone Number” is successfully updated to “New Phone Number”
There are two types of “Search” commands. One is done based on the last name and another is
done based on the phone number. If it is done based on the last name, the search command can
be as follows:
Search BasedOnLastName “LastName”
In this case the search is done based on the last name. Your program should search for all records
with that last name and report them on the screen. If the search fails your report should have the
following format
“**** ERROR IN SEARCH **** No Record with the last name “Last Name” could be found”
If the search is done based on the phone number, the command should be
Search BasedOnPhoneNumber “Phone.
Program Specifications ( please show full working code that builds s.pdf
Program Specifications ( please show full working code that builds successfully and with all
implementations )
This program is to build a simplified Address Book application (console version). The Address
Book will allow employees or contractors working for a company to search contact information
of their peers. The program should allow users to:
View all employees/contractors contact information
Search by name
Insert new contact
From CS 2B concepts the assignment should cover:
Linked List implementation
Abstract classes with pure virtual functions
Polymorphism and dynamic_cast
Operator Overloading
Sample run of your program:
TP Communications Address Book Menu
1. View all contacts // polymorphism
2. Search by name // operator overloading
3. Search by department // employees only - dynamic_cast
4. Quit
Select an option (1-4): 1
// showing all contacts
// ..............................................
TP Communications Address Book Menu
1. View all contacts
2. Search by name
3. Search by department
4. Quit
Select an option (1-4): 2
Enter a contact name: Jane Doe
Sorry no match is found.
TP Communications Address Book Menu
1. View all contacts
2. Search by name
3. Search by department
4. Quit
Select an option (1-4): 2
Enter a contact first name: James
Enter a contact last name: West
// display James West contact information
// ..............................................
TP Communications Address Book Menu
1. View all contacts
2. Search by name
3. Search by department
4. Quit
Select an option (1-4): 3
Enter a department: Engineering
// display all employees in Engineering department
4. Quit
Select an option (1-4): 4
Thanks for using our AddressBook. See you again!
Implementation Phases
You've been thru half of the quarter. It's time to learn how to use divide-conquer technique to
efficiently deal with complex programs especially in work place environment with multiple
developers. In such environment typically we would divide the program into different phases.
Each developer is assigned to develop different classes or different components in the same
class. At the conclusion of each phase we will perform unit testing to ensure the individual
assignments are working properly per customer's specs. By the end of the project there will be an
integrating process that puts all code together and starts the integration test performed by QA
(Quality Assurance) engineers. You're strongly encouraged (but not required) to do the below
while working on this assignment. It's up to you however to schedule/devise your own plan of
implementing this program.
Phase 1: develop the skeleton of your program (main function and class declarations and
definitions with no-op or empty function bodies) without any specific implementation to the
classes. See example at the end of the specs.
Phase 2: implement the abstract base class Contact and its derived classes.
Phase 3: implement the Linked List of Contact namely ContactList.
Phase 4: implement AddressBook class and t.
C language function
Detail about the c language function,calling a function ,refernce the variable using function
ProjectCompilers.pdfPage 1 of 6 Project Con.docx
ProjectCompilers.pdf
Page 1 of 6
Project: Construction of a Simple Parser
INSTRUCTIONS:
You will illustrate the basic phases of the compilation process (lexical, syntax, and
semantic analysis) through a simple compiler for a programming language model
“NEWLANG”.
The programming language “NEWLANG” is very simple.
A. Lexical Conventions of NEWLANG
1. The keywords of the language are the following:
declare read write
All keywords are reserved, and must be written in lower case.
2. Special symbols are the following:
{ } ( ) = + - ;
3. Other tokens are NAME that represents a string of letters and numbers, starting with a
letter, and NUMBER that represents a sequence of digits.
Lower and upper case letters are distinct.
4. White space consists of blanks, newlines, and tabs. White space is ignored except it
must separate NAME’s, NUMBER’s, and keywords.
Page 2 of 6
B. Syntax and Semantics of NEWLANG
The syntax of “NEWLANG” is described by the grammar rules defined as follows:
program : { statement_list }
;
statement_list : statement ; statement_list
| ε
;
statement : declaration
| assignment
| read_statement
| write_statement
;
declaration : declare var
;
assignment : var = expression
;
read_statement : read var
;
write_statement : write expression
;
expression : term
| term + term
| term - term
;
term : NUMBER
| var
| ( expression )
;
var : NAME
;
The semantics of ‘NEWLANG” should be clear: a “NEWLANG” program consists of a
sequence o f read/write or assignment st ate men ts. There are integer-valued v a r i a b l e s
Page 3 of 6
(which need to be declared before they are used), and expressions are restricted to
addition and subtraction.
C. Example of NEWLANG source program
A simple NEWLANG program is shown below:
f
{
declare xyz;
xyz = (33+3)-35;
write xyz;
}
The output of the above program is, of course, 1.
D. Project Implementation
The project consists of three phases:
Phase I: Lexical Analysis
With the aid of the lexical analysis generator tool Flex, you will construct the lexical
analyzer, in order to transform a sequence of input characters into a sequence of tokens.
Phase II: Syntax Analysis
With the aid of the syntax analysis generator tool Bison, you will construct the syntax
analyzer, the parser, in order to check whether the sequence of tokens is grammatically
correct, according to the grammar rules that define the syntax of the source language.
Looking at the grammar rules for “NEWLANG” (see section B, above) it seems clear
that a program is syntactically correct if the structure of the tokens matches the structure
of a <program> as defined by these rules.
Phase III: Semantic Analysis
Having established that the source text is syntactically correct, the compiler must now
per ...
A c program of Phonebook application
This program is a simple application that you can find on your mobile as a contacts app. This allows the users to save contacts under a name.
Introduction to Python Programming
Machine Learning With Python From India’s Most Advanced Learner’s Community. 200+ High-Quality Lectures. 4 Months Live Mentor-ship. 15+ Projects. Industry Insights.
Visit- https://insideaiml.com/course-details/Machine-Learning-with-Python-Statistics
C programming_MSBTE_Diploma_Pranoti Doke
"1.1 Structure of ‘C’program, Assembler, Linker, Compiler, Interpreter.
1.2 ‘C’character set-keywords, identifiers, types of constants (Integer, single character, string, and real) variables, scope of variables, concept of ASCII.
1.3 Data types: integer- unsigned, signed, long, float- float, double, character char, string, octal, hexadecimal
1.4 Algorithm and flow chart.
1.5 Formatted input and output statements. Input and output function.
1.6 Operators and expressions:
a. Operators in ‘C’- arithmetic, logical, assignment, relational, increment and decrement, conditional, bit wise, special operators
b. Expressions
c. Precedence and associatively."
"2.1 Decision making if statement (if, if-else, nested if-else), switch –case statement.
2.2 Repetition in ‘C’ (loop control
statement) while, do-while and for loop, break and continue statement, nested loops
"
"3.1 Introduction to Array and its types
3.2 Declaration, initialization of array,
accessing elements of an array, adding,
deleting, sorting & searching.
3.3 Introduction to string Initializing,
declaring and display of string
3.4 String handling functions from standard library (strlen (), strcpy (), strcat (), strcmp(), strlwr(),strupr()):
"
"4.1 Concept and need of functions
4.2 Library functions: Math functions,
String handling functions, other
miscellaneous functions.
4.3 Writing User defined functions, scope of variables.
4.4 Parameter passing: call by value, call by reference.
4.5 Recursive functions
"
"5.1 Concept of pointer and pointer variables, initialization of pointer, call-by reference.
5.2 Pointer arithmetic.
5.3 Handling arrays using pointers
5.4 Handling functions using pointers
"
"6.1 Introduction and Features and Syntax of structure
6.2 Declaration and Initialization of
Structures
6.3 Initializing, assessing structure members using pointers
6.4 Type def, Enumerated Data Type,
using structures in C Program
6.5 Operations on structure."
USER DEFINED FUNCTIONS IN C MRS.SOWMYA JYOTHI.pdf
USER DEFINED FUNCTIONS IN C
REFERENCES:
PROGRAMMING IN C BY BALAGURUSWAMY
MRS.SOWMYA JYOTHI,SDMCBM,MANGALORE
C structure
‘C’ Program is a collection of one or more function, Every function is a collection of statement perform some specific task.
Cosc 1436 java programming/tutorialoutlet
FOR MORE CLASSES VISIT
tutorialoutletdotcom
NameFirstNamePhoneNumberTranslator.java
Coin.java
LastNameFirstNameCoinDriver.java
ModifiedCoin.java Note 1: Unless otherwise mentioned, you are asked to upload ONLY your java source files through
blackboard. Email submission is not accepted, because of confusion in grading.
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Problem 1 (15 points). We are given a set of boxes B, where each box .pdf
Problem 1 (15 points). We are given a set of boxes B, where each box i is represented by its
dimensions (ai,bi,ci), denoting its length, width, and height, respectively. Given are a set of items
T, where each item j is represented by its dimensions (aj,bj,cj), denoting its length, width, and
height, respectively. Note that for any two items i and j with i.
Problem 11. [4 pts] Emily DiDonato feels her personal finance is not .pdf
Problem 11. [4 pts] Emily DiDonato feels her personal finance is not so healthy in terms of
managing debt. she has a $120,000 credit card liability, a $150,000 car loan, and a $300,000
mortgage liability. Emily possesses a car worth $72,000 and a house worth $485,000. What is
Emily DiDonato's debt-to-asset ratio? (Show your calculations).
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Key: (HLIL).
Problem 4 Write a recursive formula for the number of edges of a tre.pdf
Problem 4: Write a recursive formula for the number of edges of a tree, T(n), where n is the
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Q6. In a UML state machine diagram, 1. What is an event? How is it represented? 2. What is a
guard/condition? How is it represented? 3. What is an action? How is it represented? 4. Make a
small state machine which shows all these being used. Yousides.CANuseexamplesfrom10points
An event is a change in the system (values of different variable can change). This means that the
state of the system before he event was different than the state of the system after the event. The
event is represented by a word or phrase on an arrow going from the current state to the next
state. One arrow/transition can have only one event. Same event can take use to different next
states depending on different guards. same event and same guards cannot take us to more than
one next state. Guard is a condition which has to be true in order for the event to take us from the
current state to the next state. It is represented as a Boolean expression (x==1,x!=5, etc.) within
square brackets. Multiple guards can be on a single transition. An action is an task which takes a
very small amount of time and can be performed during the transition. We also call it atomic i.e.,
very simple or instant. An action can also be performed immediately after entering a state or
immediately before leaving a state. If on a transition, an action is only performed after the event
occurs and the guard is true. An action is represented by placing a / before it. In the following
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Project lengths must be greater than 1 hour; we simply cannot h.pdf
Project lengths must be greater than 1 hour; we simply cannot have any project that is less than
that. - F Add the following information to Project 22003: Name: "Classic Web Sites"; start date:
July 4, 2012; lasted 22 days, 1 hour, 1 second. It is a scientific project only G We now know that
the Office Relocation Project ended April 2, 2011. H Change the last name of Johnson to Juniper
(she got married). - - I Change Antoli Kasmir's number of projects to 143. J Change the manager
of the currency conversion project to Rudy Randolf. K Add a new manager: Mary Eliza, no
projects yet, ID is 11005 .
Use the database (with four tables) provided Modify-UpdateHWStart. sq1). Do NOT change any
part of the script! All of the steps for this HW take place after you have run the script. Ensure
each change is preceded by a commented out appropriate letter (such as -- A for the first). You
only need print out the updates, not the tables/insertions (but YOU MAY NOT CHANGE ANY
of the starting code)! The ERD for the database is provided as an Astah file and is below. Note:
all actions below produce changes; you should never get " 0 rows updated".
In the manager table, the building field should be a variable character (length of 5). B In the field
that holds the number of projects a manager has managed, add a default valu of 0 . C The project
name field needs to be a max of 100 characters; 30 is too short for upcoming projects. D Project
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Add a new project: Network Rewiring (22004), start date of April 3, 2012. It is a scientific and
administrative project, in the Johnson Lab, with an admin time length of 1 day, 1 hour, and 1
second, managed by Eliza. M Set to five the number of projects for all managers who have less
than five projects. This is a one-time good deal. N Because of some creative accounting, all
projects that are longer than 5 days and cost over $2500 make it automatically an administrative
project. Make that change. --O Delete the Network Rewiring project. Turns out it was a hoax,
perpetuated by some marketing person or persons..
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0%(0.1)Depreciationrate=2%(0.02) If the capital stock (K)=1000 a. What is the current level of
Real GDP (Y) ? b. How much of the current Real GDP (Y) will be saved for futuse investment
(I)? c. What quantity of old capital must be replaced due to depreciation? d. How much new
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