This document discusses different types of pumps, including their classifications, characteristics, applications, and performance. It describes hydrodynamic/non-positive displacement pumps, which use flow to transfer fluid at relatively low pressure and are generally used for low pressure, high volume applications. It also describes hydrostatic/positive displacement pumps, which have close-fitting components and can create pressure to transfer fluid in fixed or variable amounts. Specific positive displacement pump types discussed include gear pumps, vane pumps, piston pumps, and their common applications in industries like chemicals, food processing, and marine. Pump performance factors like volumetric efficiency, mechanical efficiency, and overall efficiency are also covered.

2. PumP classification
Hydrodynamic (or) non-positive
displacement pumps
Hydrostatic (or) positive
displacement pumps

3. Carries fluid from one location to another, relatively
at low pressure (17-21 bar).
Generally used for low pressure, high-volume, flow
applications.
These pumps are not self-priming, as there is a great
deal of clearance between the rotating and
stationary elements.
Cannot create enough vacuum at its inlet, hence
discharge rate is low.
Examples…..
a) Centrifugal pumps
b) Axial flow propeller pump.
These pumps are called as non-positive displacement
pumps.
HYDRoDYnamic PumPs

4. HYDRostatic PumPs
Hydrostatic pumps uses fluid pressure to transmit
power.
These pumps have very close-fitting mating
components and hence a very small amount of
leakage could occur.
These pumps may be either…..
a) Fixed displacement
b) Variable displacement
These pumps requires protection against over
pressure if the resistance to flow becomes very
large or infinite, so pressure relief valve is
provided.
It is also called as positive displacement pumps.

5. classification of PDP
GEAR
PUMPS
VANE
PUMPS
PISTON
PUMPS

6. EXtERnal GEaR PumP

7. Common external gear pump applications
include, but are not limited to:
Various fuel oils and lube oils
Chemical additive and polymer metering
Chemical mixing and blending (double pump)
Industrial and mobile hydraulic applications
(log splitters, lifts, etc.)
Acids and caustic (stainless steel or
composite construction)
Low volume transfer or application
aPPlication

8. INTERNAL GEAR PUMP

9. Common internal gear pump applications include, but
are not limited to:
All varieties of fuel oil and lube oil
Resins and Polymers
Alcohols and solvents
Asphalt, Bitumen, and Tar
Polyurethane foam (Isocyanate and polyol)
Food products such as corn syrup, chocolate, and
peanut butter
Paint, inks, and pigments
Soaps and surfactants
Glycol
APPLICATION

10. LOBE PUMP

11. Common rotary lobe pump applications
include, but are not limited to:
Polymers
Paper coatings
Soaps and surfactants
Paints and dyes
Rubber and adhesives
Pharmaceuticals
Food applications
APPLICATION

12. GEROTOR PUMP

13. SCREW PUMP

14. PD pumps are found in a wide range of application
chemical-processing
liquid delivery
marine
biotechnology
 pharmaceutical
as well as food, dairy, and beverage processing.
Their versatility and popularity is due in part to
their relatively compact design, high-viscosity
performance, continuous flow regardless of
differential pressure, and ability to handle high
differential pressure.
APPLICATIONS OF PDP

15. VANE PUMPS

16. Aerosol and Propellants
Aviation Service - Fuel Transfer, Deicing
Auto Industry - Fuels, Lubes,
Refrigeration Coolants
Bulk Transfer of LPG and NH3
LPG Cylinder Filling
Alcohols
Refrigeration - Freons, Ammonia
Solvents
Aqueous solutions
APPLICATION

17. AXIAL PISTON PUMP

19. RADIAL PISTON PUMP

21. CENTRIfUgAL PUMP

22. SubmerSible pump

23. NON-POSITIVE
DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT
PUMPS
provide a smooth, continuous flow pulse with each stroke or each time
a pumping chamber opens to an
outlet port.
Pressure can reduce a non positive
pump's delivery. High outlet
pressure can stop any output; the
liquid simply recirculates inside the
pump
In a positive-displacement pump,
pressure affects the output only to
the extent that it increases internal
leakage
It is not self priming It is a self-priming
CHArACTeriSTiCS OF
pumpS

24. perFOrmANCe OF pump
 Pumps are usually rated according to their volumetric output
and pressure.
 Volumetric output (delivery rate or capacity) is the amount of
liquid that a pump can deliver at its outlet port per unit of time
at a given drive speed, usually expressed in GPM or cubic
inches per minute.
 Pumps are sometimes rated according to displacement, that is
the amount of liquid that they can deliver per cycle or cubic
inches per revolution.
 As pressure increases, volumetric output decreases.
 This drop in output is caused by an increase in internal leakage
(slippage) from a pump's outlet side to its inlet side
 Slippage is a measure of a pump's efficiency and usually is
expressed in percent.

25. pump eFFiCieNCieS
Volumetric Efficiency:
η = Actual flow rate = Qa
Theoretical flow rate Qt
Gear pumps = 80-90 %
Vane pumps = 82-92 %
Piston pumps = 90-98 %
Mechanical Efficiency:
η = Output power = Po
Input power Pi
Mechanical efficiency varies from 90 to 95 %
Overall Efficiency:
η = Actual power delivered by the pump = Hydraulic power
Actual power delivered to the pump Brake power

26. reFFreNCe
1. WWW.PUMPSSCHOOL.COM
2. APPLIED HYDRAULICS AND
PNEUMATICS By T.Sunder Selwyn,
R.Jayendiran
3. www.authorstreem.com.