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PSY 326 Entire Course (2 Set)
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This Tutorial contains 2 Set of Papers for each Assignment, Quiz
(DQs – 1 Set)
PSY 326 Week 1 Assignment Research Article Identification (2
Papers)
PSY 326 Week 1 DQ 1 Ethics in Research
PSY 326 Week 1 Quiz (2 Set -- 100% Score)
PSY 326 Week 2 Assignment Annotated Bibliography of Research
Methods (2 Papers)
PSY 326 Week 2 DQ 1 Research Design
PSY 326 Week 2 DQ 2 Hypothesis Testing
PSY 326 Week 3 Assignment Critique of a Research Study (2
Papers)
PSY 326 Week 3 DQ 1 Descriptive Research
PSY 326 Week 4 DQ 1 Survey Research
PSY 326 Week 4 DQ 2 Data Analysis

PSY 326 Week 5 DQ 1 Experimental Versus Quasi-Experimental
Designs
PSY 326 Week 5 Final Paper Research Proposal (2 Papers)
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PSY 326 Week 1 Assignment Research Article
Identification (2 Papers)
This Tutorial contains 2 Papers
Research Article Identification. Read each of the abstracts for the
articles listed below and then select oneof them to be the full article
that you will use for all the written assignments in this course. The
abstracts and full-text versions of the articles can be accessed
through the EBSCOhost database in the Ashford University
Library:
· Baldwin, V. N., Powell, T., & Lorenc, L. (2011). Factors
influencing the uptake of memory compensations: A qualitative
analysis. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 21(4), 484-501.
· Goodman, S. H., Dimidjian, S., & Williams, K. G. (2013). Pregnant
African American women’s attitudes toward perinatal depression
prevention. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology,
19(1), 50-57.

· Hetrick, S. E., Simmons, M., Thompson, A., Parker, A. G.
(2011). What are specialist mental health clinician attitudes to
guideline recommendations for the treatment of depression in
young people?Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry,
45, 993-1001.
· Ivandić Zimić, J., & Jukić, V. (2012). Familial risk factors
favoring drug addiction onset. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs,
44(2), 173-185.
· Kaewprom, C., Curtis, J., & Deane, F. P. (2011). Factors involved
in recovery from schizophrenia: A qualitative study of Thai mental
health nurses. Nursing & Health Sciences, 13, 323-327.
· Kirtadze, I., Otiashvili, D., O’Grady, K. E., Zule, W., Krupitsky, E.,
Wechsberg, W. M., & Jones, H. E. (2013). Twice stigmatized:
Provider’s perspectives on drug-using women in the Republic of
Georgia. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 45(1), 1-9.
· Moore, R. C., Viglione, D. J., Rosenfarb, I. S., Patterson, T. L., &
Mausbach, B. T. (2013). Rorschach measures of cognition relate to
everyday and social functioning in schizophrenia. Psychological
Assessment, 25(1), 253-263.
· Scullin, M. K. (2013). Sleep, memory, and aging: The link between
slow-wave sleep and episodic memory changes from younger to
older adults. Psychology and Aging, 28(1), 105-114.
Refer to the tutorial titled, “Finding an Article When You Have the
Citation”, which is available within the Ashford University Library
for questions on how to search for articles. It is located under the
“Getting Research Help” tab, in the top center of the navigation
heading on the library’s homepage, then select “Tutorials”.
After making your selection, read the “Methods” section within the
article. Write a two- to- three page paper (excluding title and
reference pages) that is formatted according to APA style as
outlined in the Ashford Writing Center, presenting the information
listed below. Your paper should begin with an introduction
paragraph (including a thesis statement) and end with a concluding
paragraph reaffirming the thesis and summarizing the major points
made in the body of the paper.

The body of your paper must contain the following criteria:
1. Identify the study by title and authors.
2. Determine what question(s) the authors are trying to answer by
doing this research.
3. Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative research
methods and terminology. Specify which approach is used in the
study.
4. Explain whether the study is qualitative or quantitative by citing
specific clues from the article, such as sample size, data collection
techniques, the nature of the data collected, or the data analysis
techniques used.
5. Associate the chosen study with a specific research area of
psychology based on the information on research area in Chapter 1
of your course textbook. Explain your reasoning.
6. Summarize ethical issues which were addressed in the article and
analyze the ethical principles applied. Can you
==============================================
PSY 326 Week 1 Assignment Research Article
Identification (Social identity reduces depression by
fostering positive attributions)
Research Article Identification. Read each of the abstracts for the
articles listed below and then select oneof them to be the full
article that you will use for all the written assignments in this
course. The abstracts and full-text versions of the articles can be
accessed through the EBSCOhost database in the Ashford
University Library:

· Baldwin, V. N., Powell, T., & Lorenc, L. (2011). Factors
influencing the uptake of memory compensations: A qualitative
analysis. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 21(4), 484-501.
· Goodman, S. H., Dimidjian, S., & Williams, K. G. (2013).
Pregnant African American women’s attitudes toward perinatal
depression prevention. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority
Psychology, 19(1), 50-57.
· Hetrick, S. E., Simmons, M., Thompson, A., Parker, A. G.
(2011). What are specialist mental health clinician attitudes to
guideline recommendations for the treatment of depression in
young people?Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry,
45, 993-1001.
· Ivandić Zimić, J., & Jukić, V. (2012). Familial risk factors
favoring drug addiction onset. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs,
44(2), 173-185.
· Kaewprom, C., Curtis, J., & Deane, F. P. (2011). Factors
involved in recovery from schizophrenia: A qualitative study of
Thai mental health nurses. Nursing & Health Sciences, 13, 323-
327.
· Kirtadze, I., Otiashvili, D., O’Grady, K. E., Zule, W., Krupitsky,
E., Wechsberg, W. M., & Jones, H. E. (2013). Twice stigmatized:
Provider’s perspectives on drug-using women in the Republic of
Georgia. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 45(1), 1-9.
· Moore, R. C., Viglione, D. J., Rosenfarb, I. S., Patterson, T. L.,
& Mausbach, B. T. (2013). Rorschach measures of cognition
relate to everyday and social functioning in schizophrenia.
Psychological Assessment, 25(1), 253-263.
· Scullin, M. K. (2013). Sleep, memory, and aging: The link
between slow-wave sleep and episodic memory changes from
younger to older adults. Psychology and Aging, 28(1), 105-114.
Refer to the tutorial titled, “Finding an Article When You Have
the Citation”, which is available within the Ashford University
Library for questions on how to search for articles. It is located
under the “Getting Research Help” tab, in the top center of the

navigation heading on the library’s homepage, then select
“Tutorials”.
After making your selection, read the “Methods” section within
the article. Write a two- to- three page paper (excluding title and
reference pages) that is formatted according to APA style as
outlined in the Ashford Writing Center, presenting the
information listed below. Your paper should begin with an
introduction paragraph (including a thesis statement) and end
with a concluding paragraph reaffirming the thesis and
summarizing the major points made in the body of the paper.
The body of your paper must contain the following criteria:
1. Identify the study by title and authors.
2. Determine what question(s) the authors are trying to answer by
doing this research.
3. Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative research
study.
4. Explain whether the study is qualitative or quantitative by
citing specific clues from the article, such as sample size, data
collection techniques, the nature of the data collected, or the data
analysis techniques used.
5. Associate the chosen study with a specific research area of
psychology based on the information on research area in Chapter
1 of your course textbook. Explain your reasoning.
6. Summarize ethical issues which were addressed in the article
and analyze the ethical principles applied. Can you discern
additional ethical issues that apply but were not mentioned?
==============================================
PSY 326 Week 1 DQ 1 Ethics in Research

Ethics in Research. After reading Chapter 1 in your text, the APA
ethical principles articles Ethical Principles of Psychologists and
Code of Conduct (paying particular attention to Standard 8) and
Guidelines for Ethical Conduct in the Care and use of Nonhuman
Animals in Research , as well as viewing the video Obedience and
Ethics: Benefits and Costs of Psychological Conformity Studies,
analyze and critique the
principles introduced and applied in the various sources.
Summarize what you feel are the ethical pros and cons of Milgram’s
research. Include in your post definitions and a discussion of terms
such as, informed consent, confidentiality, deception, debriefing,
and institutional review board. Find an additional example of a
completed research study that has raised ethical concerns. Evaluate
the ethical pros and cons of that study and explain your reasoning
for each aspect.
Your initial post should be 250-300 words. Utilize a minimum of two
peer-reviewed sources that were published within the last 10 years
and are documented in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford
Writing Center.
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This Tutorial contains 2 Set of Quiz
Set 1

Question 1. Barbara is a research psychologist examining how our
interactions with friends and family change over our lifespan. For
example, she wants to understand how peer interactions change
from childhood to adolescence. What area of psychological
research best describes Barbara’s work?
Question 2. Diane is conducting a research study in which she is
examining the best practices for understanding, treating, and
preventing depression in college students. In which of the following
areas of research is Diane working?
Question 3. Dr. Jones is a research psychologist conducting studies
on the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. His focus is on developing
interview techniques for police departments to use that will increase
correct identification of suspects and minimize accusations against
the innocent. Which of the following best describes the type of
research Dr. Jones is performing?
Question 4. Textbooks, academic books, and theoretical review
articles are all examples of ___________:
Question 5. Which of the following research areas of psychology is
used to study the connection between human behaviors, thoughts
and feelings with processes occurring in the body, such as genetic
influences, hormones, and other systems?
Question 6. Sue is finalizing the design of her thesis project on the
effects of exercise on depression in older adults. She has decided to
use the score on the 10 item depression scale to specify whether her
participants are depressed and the score from a 30 item fitness scale
to assess fitness levels. Which stage of the research process has she
just completed?
Question 7. ______________ is an approach to decision-making
primarily involving the use and reliance on logical arguments.

Question 8. Which of the following is tasked with reviewing and
monitoring all research involving nonhuman animals in order to
protect the welfare of research subjects?
Question 9. Steve has observed that he has more difficulty parallel
parking his car when there are people watching. He then sits
outside a café and notices the number of attempts to park and total
time to successfully parallel park in nearby parking spaces and the
number of people near the parking space. He observes that others
also seem to have more trouble parking with people watching as
well. He therefore develops a general hypothesis that parking
ability is related to being observed. What process has Steve used in
developing his hypothesis?
Question 10. Which section of a research article presents the
previous research in the area, starting broadly and narrowing to the
specific area covered by the article, ultimately leading the reader to
the authors’ hypothesis?
Set 2
PSY 326 Week 1 Quiz (Set 2)
Question 1. ________________research is a descriptive
approach which is used to gain a deep understanding of particular
cases and contexts.
Question 2. ______________ isthe federal policy establishing
Institutional Review Boards and prior review of all research at
federally funded institutions.

Question 3. Textbooks, academic books, and theoretical review
articles are all examples of ___________:
Question 4. Which section of a research article explains how a
hypothesis was translated into a specific set of measurable
variables?
Question 5. Steve has observed that he has more difficulty
parallel parking his car when there are people watching. He then
sits outside a café and notices the number of attempts to park and
total time to successfully parallel park in nearby parking spaces and
the number of people near the parking space. He observes that
others also seem to have more trouble parking with people watching
as well. He therefore develops a general hypothesis that parking
ability is related to being observed. What process has Steve used in
developing his hypothesis?
Question 6. Barbara is a research psychologist examining how
our interactions with friends and family change over our lifespan.
For example, she wants to understand how peer interactions change
from childhood to adolescence. What area of psychological
research best describes Barbara’s work?
Question 7. Data which is collected without any identifying
information from participants is said to be ___________.
Question 8. A research study being conducted to test the effects
of administering nicotine to healthy volunteers, who have never
smoked, nor used any tobacco products, on their attention and
memory would most likely require which level of IRB review?

Question 9. A (n)____________ is a collection of ideas used to
explain the connections between variables and phenomena.
Question 10. Diane is conducting a research study in which she is
examining the best practices for understanding, treating, and
preventing depression in college students. In which of the following
areas of research is Diane working?
==============================================
PSY 326 Week 2 Assignment A Quantitative look at Social
Identity (Social identity reduces depression by fostering
positive attributions)
Week 2 assignment
Using the databases and the Research Methods research guide in
the Ashford University Library, locate and read peer-reviewed
articles about the features of qualitative research and quantitative
research. Also read the full text of the study you selected in Week
One. Differentiate between qualitative and quantitative research
study. Explain whether the study is qualitative or quantitative by
citing specific clues from the article, such as sample size, data
collection techniques, the nature of the data collected, or the data
analysis techniques used. Using information in the instructor
guidance and Chapter 2 of the textbook, determine whether the
research study you selected is non-experimental or experimental.
Explain your reasoning.

Your paper must be a minimum of four pages (excluding title
page) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
Ashford Writing Center. All sources must be documented in APA
style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. For more
information about APA style, please see the Ashford Writing
Center.
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PSY 326 Week 2 Assignment Annotated Bibliography of
Research Methods(2 Papers)
Annotated Bibliography of Research Methods. Using the Ashford
University Library databases, locate and read peer-reviewed articles
on a variety of research designs and methods. Be sure to include at
least one article regarding the method used in the study you selected
in Week One. Create an annotated bibliography in which you select,
summarize, and evaluate at least six of these peer-reviewed sources.
The sources chosen must have been published within the last 10
years. Note that the articles required for this assignment are not
research studies; instead, they are articles about how to do various
aspects of research.
At least three of the sources should be about qualitative research
methods, and at least three of the sources should focus on
quantitative research methods. Do not select any articles about both
qualitative and quantitative methods or about mixed methods. For
each source, identify the approach (qualitative or quantitative) and

the research design category (non-experimental or experimental).
Summarize each source in your own words, describing its purpose
and how the information would be useful to a researcher designing
a new study. Do not use quotations from references for this
assignment.
Refer to the Tutorials section within the Ashford University Library
for help with searching for articles. To find these tutorials, click on
the “View Tutorials” button on the Library’s home page. There is
also a subject guide devoted to Research Methods. On the Library’s
home page, click on Subject Guides, then select “Psychology,” then
click on “Research Methods.” In searching for articles on topics in
psychology and other social sciences, it is strongly recommended
that you utilize the EBSCOhost, ProQuest, and SAGE Journals
Online databases. You may only select articles that are available in
full-text format. To do this, limit your search criteria by selecting
the Full-Text box in the search function of the database.
Your paper must be a minimum of four pages (excluding title page)
and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford
Writing Center. All sources must be documented in APA style, as
outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. For more information
about annotated bibliographies and APA style, please see the
Ashford Writing Center.
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PSY 326 Week 2 DQ 1 Research Design
Research Design. Consider the following scenario: You have been
approached by a pharmaceutical company that has developed a new
drug that is supposed to be effective in the treatment of
schizophrenia. Before mass producing the drug they want to be sure

that it is more effective than the drug they are currently producing.
They have offered you an opportunity to pitch your design of a
research study to determine the effectiveness of the new drug
compared with the old one. The company will hire the person with
the most effective research design.
In your posting/pitch include the following:
· Compare and contrast the characteristics of non-experimental
(descriptive and correlational) and experimental research designs.
· Specify whether the aim of the implied research question is to
describe, predict, or explain.
· Choose a research design to evaluate the relative effectiveness of
the two drugs.
· Provide a brief overview of the study you would design.
Your initial post should be 350 to 400 words. Utilize a minimum of
two peer-reviewed sources that were published within the last 10
years and are documented in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford
Writing Center.
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PSY 326 Week 2 DQ 2 Hypothesis Testing
Hypothesis Testing. Based on the study you designed in the
Research Design discussion, apply the scientific method by
specifying the five steps of hypothesis testing for your study.
· Step 1: State the hypothesis.
· Step 2: Collect the data – For the purpose of this discussion, you
will state how you would collect the data.
· Step 3: Calculate statistics – For the purpose of this discussion,
you will indicate the statistical analysis technique(s) you would use.

· Step 4: Compare to a critical value – For the purpose of this
discussion, you will indicate where you would set the alpha value
and why. Note: This step is hypothetical, as you are not actually
conducting a statistical analysis. Consequently, you will choose if
the results of your hypothetical analysis are above or below the
critical value.
· Step 5: Make a decision – For the purpose of this discussion, you
will create a conclusion based on the hypothetical results from Step
4. Be sure to include a recommendation on the effectiveness of the
new drug based on the results.
Utilize a minimum of two peer-reviewed sources that were published
within the last 10 years and are documented in APA style, as
outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
==============================================
Set 1
Question 1. A psychology instructor wants to examine the
consistency of his exam questions for his psychology course. He
uses a computer program to compute the average correlation
between each pair of items to compute Cronbach’s alpha, a measure
of ____________________.
Question 2. Dr. Simon is trying to determine how taking an exam
causes an increase in subsequent memory for material covered on
the exam. What research design should she use?

Question 3. ______________________ is a framework for
organizing and discussing research designs in terms of the amount
of control the research has over the design.
Question 4. An investigator is testing a new assessment of anxiety.
To examine the efficacy of this new measure, he gives the
assessment twice to a group of participants at the beginning of the
fall and spring semesters. He is testing for _______________ .
Question 5. Grip strength is a common physical fitness assessment
tool which is highly reliable; however, research has demonstrated
that it has little relationship with actual fitness levels. Which of the
following best describes the use of grip strength as a measure of
physical fitness?
Question 6. A researcher is testing out a new personality assessment
to determine a participant’s personality type. He shows that scores
from his new measure are unrelated to measures of mood and
cognitive ability. He demonstrated that his new assessment has
___________________.
Question 7. Event-related potentials (ERP) is a commonly used
_______________________ in which electrodes are placed on the
scalp of a participant to measure the electrical activity of the brain
during psychological studies.
Question 8. In null hypothesis significance testing, power refers
to__________.
Question 9. Studies have shown there is a relationship between the
economic prosperity of a nation and the health of newborn infants.
One study found that there was a negative correlation between
wealth (as measured by gross domestic product or GDP) and infant
mortality. Which of the following best describes this relationship?

Question 10. In null hypothesis significance testing, we have made a
Type II error when___________.
Set 2
Question 1. ______________ isthe statistic representing
the probability that our results are due to random chance.
Question 2. Dr. Jones is conducting a study with 50 participants.
She created a spreadsheet in which she sorted participants in order
of birth, so the oldest participant was first in the list and the
youngest participant was last. Next, she coded an AGE variable for
each person according to the order they were born (so the oldest is 1
and the youngest is 50). What type of measurement scale has Dr.
Jones used to code her variable of AGE?
Question 3. ________________ is an assessment of validity based
on the association between our measures and relevant behavioral
outcomes.
Question 4. Rhonda conducted a study in which she has tested
the effectiveness of the drug DHEA on improving episodic memory
in older adults. She tested her subjects on two different occasions;
in one session her subject received a placebo, and second they
received 50 mg of DHEA. At each test session the subjects
completed a recognition memory task to measure episodic memory
performance. What is Rhonda’s dependent variable?

Question 5. A graduate student at Big State University has begun
data collection for a thesis project in which she is asking students
about their use of social networking websites. Her primary interest
is in determining how often students use these sites, in what ways,
and if there are differences across majors. What type of research
design is this student using?
Question 6. Dr. Simon is trying to determine how taking
an exam causes an increase in subsequent memory for material
covered on the exam. What research design should she use?
Question 7. ______________________ is a framework for
organizing and discussing research designs in terms of the amount
of control the research has over the design.
Question 8. In null hypothesis significance testing, power refers
to__________.
Question 9. In null hypothesis significance testing, we have made
a Type I error when__________.
Question 10. A psychology instructor wants to examine the
consistency of his exam questions for his psychology course. He
uses a computer program to compute the average correlation
between each pair of items to compute Cronbach’s alpha, a measure
of ____________________.
==============================================
PSY 326 Week 3 Assignment Critique of a Research Study
(Social identity reduces depression by fostering positive
attributions)

Week 3 assignment
Reread the full text of the study you selected in Week One.
Evaluate the study and write a critique, using the textbook and
relevant journal articles to support your analysis of the study. Use
the following section headings and content in your paper.
Introduction
State the purpose of the paper. Clearly identify the study being
critiqued, by title and authors. Summarize the research question,
hypothesis (if a quantitative study), and background information
on the topic from the study’s literature review. Did the authors
present a well-balanced summary of current knowledge about the
topic? Is there any apparent bias in the literature review?
Methods
Differentiate the research design (experimental or non-
experimental) and approach (qualitative or quantitative),
sampling method, and data collection methods. Indicate the
sample size, variables and measures (if a quantitative study),
statistical tests (if a quantitative study), coding and analysis
procedures (if a qualitative study), and any assumptions made by
the researchers. Were the procedures chosen appropriate for the
study? What alternative methods would you suggest?
Analyze ethical issues pertaining to this study. Did the
researchers explicitly address ethical issues in the article? If not,
was there evidence in the report that the participants’ safety and
confidentiality were protected? Was an approval process by an
Institutional Review Board or similar ethics review committee
mentioned? Were any of the practices ethically questionable
(deception, coercion, etc.)?
Present a summary of the results of the analysis performed in the
study. Did the authors keep their interpretations and conclusions
separate from the analysis results (evidence)?

Analyze and critique the conclusions drawn by the researchers.
Do the conclusions follow logically from the results of the
analysis? Evaluate the overall efficacy of the research study by
identifying the strengths and weaknesses of aspects of its design
and implementation. Identify the limitations noted by the
researchers and add any limitations you see that were not
mentioned in the article. Describe the directions for future
research proposed by the authors and evaluate their
appropriateness. Recommend at least one idea for a future study
that will overcome some of the limitations of this study. Keep in
mind that this suggested future study will serve as the basis for
your Final Paper.
Ethical Aspects
Results
Discussion and Conclusion
Your paper should be four to six pages in length (excluding title
and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as
outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Utilize a minimum of five
sources that were published within the last 10 years and are
documented in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing
Center. These sources should include the article being critiqued,
at least three peer-reviewed journal articles, and the course
textbook. It is recommended that you visit the Research Methods
research guide in the Ashford University Library for suggested
articles, as well as searching for articles in the Library’s
databases.
==============================================
PSY 326 Week 3 Assignment Critique of a Research
Study(2 Papers)

Critique of a Research Study. Read the full texts of the study you
selected in Week One and the sources you included in your Week
Two bibliography. Evaluate the usefulness of each source and write
a critique of the study from Week One, using the textbook and
relevant articles from the Week Two assignment to support your
analysis of the study. Use the following section headings and
content in your paper.
5. Introduction
· State the purpose of the paper. Clearly identify the study being
critiqued, by title and authors. Summarize the research question,
hypothesis (if a quantitative study), and background information on
the topic from the study’s literature review. Did the authors present
a well-balanced summary of current knowledge about the topic? Is
there any apparent bias in the literature review?
II. Methods
· Differentiate the research design (experimental or non-
experimental) and approach (qualitative or quantitative), sampling
method, and data collection methods. Indicate the sample size,
variables and measures (if a quantitative study), statistical tests (if a
quantitative study), coding and
analysis procedures (if a qualitative study), and any assumptions
made by the researchers. Were the procedures chosen appropriate
for the study? What alternative methods would you suggest?
III. Ethical Aspects
· Analyze ethical issues pertaining to this study. Did the researchers
explicitly address ethical issues in the article? If not, was there
evidence in the report that the participants’ safety and
confidentiality were protected? Was an approval process by an
Institutional Review Board or similar ethics review committee
mentioned? Were any of the practices ethically questionable
(deception, coercion, etc.)?
IV. Results

· Present a summary of the results of the analysis performed in the
study. Did the authors keep their interpretations and conclusions
separate from the analysis results (evidence)?
V. Discussion and Conclusion
· Analyze and critique the conclusions drawn by the researchers. Do
the conclusions follow logically from the results of the analysis?
Evaluate the overall efficacy of the research study by identifying the
strengths and weaknesses of aspects of its design and
implementation. Identify the limitations noted by the researchers
and add any limitations you see that were not mentioned in the
article. Describe the directions for future research proposed by the
authors and evaluate their appropriateness. Recommend at least one
idea for a future study that will overcome some of the limitations of
this study. Keep in mind that this suggested future study will serve
as the basis for your Final Paper.
Your paper should be four to six pages in length (excluding title and
reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined
in the Ashford Writing Center. Utilize a minimum of five peer-
reviewed sources that were published within the last 10 years and
are documented in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing
Center. These sources should include the article being critiqued and
three of the sources from your Week Two assignment, as well as the
course textbook. If at least three of the articles from the Week Two
assignment are not useful in evaluating the study being critiqued or
for suggesting alternative methods for studying the topic, search the
Ashford Library for other suitable peer-reviewed sources.
==============================================
PSY 326 Week 3 DQ 1 Descriptive Research

Descriptive Research. Evaluate and briefly discuss the three
descriptive designs presented in Chapter 3 (case studies, archival
research, and observational research). Be sure to discuss the
strengths and weaknesses associated with each approach. Which of
these three approaches do you think is the best descriptive design
and why? Finally, recommend research questions or topics for
which each of these designs would be effective in investigating.
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PSY 326 Week 4 Annotated Bibliography (Social identity
reduces depression by fostering positive attributions)
Week 4
Annotated Bibliography
Read the instructions for the final paper to determine the kinds of
articles you will need to use as references. Also read the Example
Research Proposal provided in the course materials to help you
visualize your final paper. Search the Ashford University
Library’s databases and the Research Methods research guide to
find appropriate peer-reviewed sources for your proposal. Read
the selected articles and reread relevant sections of the textbook
and the full text of the study you have been working with
throughout the course. Using the Sample Annotated Bibliography
information and example from the Writing Center as a guide,
create an annotated bibliography of the sources you will use in
your final research proposal.
The references in the annotated bibliography must be listed in
alphabetical order, formatted in APA style, and published within

the past 10 years. All selected sources other than the textbook
must be available in full text in the Ashford University Library.
After each reference, insert two paragraphs. The first paragraph
should summarize the main points of the source, in your own
words. Do not use any quotations or verbatim wording from the
source for this assignment. In the second paragraph, explain how
you will use the source to support your research proposal.
For this assignment, a title page in APA format is required but it
is not necessary to include a separate reference page, because the
paper itself is the reference page with additional information
inserted. If you do include a separate page of references, be aware
that it will not be counted towards the required page count. Your
paper must be a minimum of four pages (excluding title page) and
formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford
Writing Center.
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PSY 326 Week 4 DQ 1 Survey Research
Survey Research. For this discussion, choose a research area you
would like to learn more about. Design a study using one of the
survey approaches introduced in Chapter 4 of your course textbook.
Include the following in your post:
· Briefly describe the main points of your study.
· Apply aspects of the scientific method to your study by including
the type of sampling you will use in your research design and why
you chose the approach that you did to study this topic.
· Include two sample questions that will be a part of your study.
Explain why each of these would be good questions based on the
principles presented this week.

· Analyze the ethical principles which may affect your study. What
are the specific ethical concerns associated with your research
question or approach?
· Finally, suggest ways to improve the response rate or participation
levels in your study.
Writing Center.
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PSY 326 Week 4 DQ 2 Data Analysis
Data Analysis. Assume that you applied the method proposed in the
research study you designed for the first discussion activity this
week and now have the data. Which of the methods used for
analyzing survey data would you use and why? Be sure to explain
why the approach that you are proposing to use for data analysis is
consistent with the survey research method that you employed. In
addition, identify the measurement scale (nominal, ordinal, interval,
or ratio) of the data you obtained and differentiate the research
terminology used.
Writing Center.
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PSY 326 Week 4 Quiz (2 Set – 100% Score)

Set 1
Question 1. ________________ is a measure of dispersion that
represents the average difference between the mean and each
individual score which is calculated by taking the square root of the
variance.
Question 2. One of the key issues in observational research is
simplifying the process of observing behavior by taking
____________ or small snippets of the environment.
Question 3. An important principle in writing items for a survey
questionnaire is to avoid _______________ which are written in
such a way that they suggest an answer.
Question 4. Cory is putting together a presentation on her data and
wants to present the frequency of binge drinking by gender (males
and females) and student status (graduate vs. undergraduate).
Which of the following should she use?
Question 5. A(n) _______________ is a survey that involves a
written question-and-answer exchange between the researcher and
the participant.
Question 6. Which of the following measures represents the number
in the middle of our dataset, with 50% of scores both above and
below it?

Question 7. Dr. Bassey is conducting a study of methamphetamine
users. The problem she faces is finding and recruiting participants
for her study. She is able to tap into a group of people in the
community who then recruit other users for her study. She asks
each participant to try to recruit other users they know. What type of
sampling strategy has Dr. Bassey used?
Question 8. If we are interested in describing the most typical case
in our dataset with a numeric descriptor, which of the following
should we use?
Question 9. Dr. Blue is conducting a research study examining the
effects of heat on aggression in urban environments. On days in
which the heat index exceeds 100 degrees he observes people
interacting on public transit and counts the number of aggressive
acts and compares his observations with days in which the high
temperature is between 70 and 80 degrees. What strategy best
describes Dr. Blue’s project?
Question 10. Rose is taking her weekly trip through her local mall
when a researcher stops to ask if she would be willing to answer a
brief survey. What type of sampling strategy has this researcher
used?
Set 2
Question 1. ________________ is a descriptive design that
provides a detailed, in-depth analysis of one person over a period of
time.
Question 2. Phineas Gage, an unfortunate railroad worker who
suffered a severe injury from an accident that severed connections

between his frontal lobes and other areas of the brain, resulting in
dramatic personality changes, is a famous and classic example of
a(n) ________________.
Question 3. In order for a sample to be representative, it needs to
be ______________________ to/as the population you are
interested in studying.
Question 4. Roberto is a graduate student interested in
understanding in-group/out-group interactions among gay males, so
he joins a gay men’s rugby team to record information about how
people within the group and outside the group are treated. Which of
the following best describes Roberto’s research?
Question 5. Although observational designs are well suited to a
wide range of research questions, one critical issue is that the
questions must be addressed through ___________________ events
and behaviors.
Question 6. An important principle in writing items for a survey
questionnaire is to avoid _______________ which are written in
such a way that they suggest an answer.
Question 7. Dr. Black is discussing the results from the mid-term
exam he recently gave with his class and indicates the lowest score
was a 58 and the highest score was a 98 making the
______________ for the mid-term 40.

Question 8. If we are interested in describing the most typical
case in our dataset with a numeric descriptor, which of the
following should we use?
Question 9. ________________ refers to the degree to which
characteristics of the sample differ from the characteristics of the
population.
Question 10. Dr. Goody is conducting a research study of Old
Southern University students in which he has selected participants
at random from a registrar’s list of all students at Old Southern
University. The registrar’s list refers to what aspect of Dr. Goody’s
study?
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PSY 326 Week 5 DQ 1 Experimental Versus Quasi-
Experimental Designs
Experimental Versus Quasi-Experimental Designs. After reading
Chapter 5 in the course text compare and contrast the similarities
and differences between experimental and quasi-experimental
designs. Describe the different ways in which an independent
variable can be manipulated. Demonstrate application of the
scientific method and ethical principles by explaining what dictates
the selection of design (experimental versus quasi-experimental)
and the type of manipulation used in a research study. Finally, give
an example of a situation that could be studied with an experiment

or quasi-experiment and assess the appropriateness of one design
over the other in light of practical and ethical concerns.
Writing Center.
==============================================
PSY 326 Week 5 Final Paper (Social identity reduces
depression by fostering positive attributions)
Week 5
Review the Example Research Proposal provided in the course
materials. Design a research study on the topic of the study
selected in Week One and critiqued in Week Three. Your design
should seek to resolve the limitations you identified in the study
you critiqued. Your paper must address all of the components
required in the “Methods” section of a research proposal:
State the research question and/or hypothesis.
Specify the approach (qualitative or quantitative), research
design, sampling strategy, data collection procedures, and data
analysis techniques to be used.
If the design is quantitative, also describe the variables, measures,
and statistical tests you would use.
Analyze ethical issues that may arise and explain how you would
handle these issues.
Your Final Paper must be six to eight pages in length (excluding
title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style
as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Utilize a minimum of

six peer-reviewed sources that were published within the last 10
years, in addition to the textbook, that are documented in APA
style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. The sources
should consist of the following:
One source should be the article you critiqued in the Week Three
assignment.
At least two sources should be about the research methodology
you have chosen for your study.
At least one source should be on ethical issues in research.
The remaining sources may be about anything pertinent to your
study.
In accordance with APA style, all references listed must be cited
in the body of the paper.
Required Sections and Subsections (use these headings in your
paper)
Introduction – Introduce the research topic, explain why it is
important, and present your research question and/or hypothesis.
Literature Review – Summarize the current state of knowledge on
your topic, making reference to the findings of previous research
studies (including the one you critiqued in Week Three). Briefly
analyze and critique these studies and mention the research
methods that have previously been used to study the topic. State
whether your proposed study is a replication of a previous study
or a new approach using methods that have not been used before.
Be sure to properly cite all of your sources in APA style.
Methods
Design – Indicate whether your proposed study is qualitative or
quantitative in approach. Identify the specific research design,
using one of the designs we have studied in Weeks Three through
Five, and indicate whether it is experimental or non-
experimental. Evaluate your chosen design and explain why you
believe this design is appropriate for the topic and how it will
provide the information you need to answer the research
question. Cite sources on research methodology to support your
choices.
Participants – Identify and describe the sampling strategy you
would use to recruit participants for your study. Estimate the

number of participants you would need and explain why your
sampling method is appropriate for your research design and
approach.
Procedure/Measures – Apply the scientific method by describing
the steps you would use in carrying out your study. Indicate
whether you will use any kind of test, questionnaire, or
measurement instrument. If using an existing published
instrument, provide a brief description and cite your source. If
you are creating a questionnaire, survey, or test, describe the
types of information you will gather and explain how you would
establish the validity and reliability. If you are not using such an
instrument, describe how you would collect the data.
Data Analysis – Describe the statistical techniques (if
quantitative) or the analysis procedure (if qualitative) you plan to
use to analyze the data. Cite at least one source on the chosen
analysis technique (from your Week Two assignment).
Ethical Issues – Analyze the impact of ethical concerns on your
proposed study, such as confidentiality, deception, informed
consent, potential harm to participants, conflict of interest, IRB
approval, etc. After analyzing the ethical issues that apply to your
research proposal, indicate what you would do to handle these
concerns.
Conclusion – Briefly summarize the major points from your
paper and reiterate why your proposed study is needed.
Writing the Final Paper
The Final Paper:
Must be six to eight double-spaced pages in length, and formatted
according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a title page with the following:
Title of paper
Student’s name
Course name and number
Instructor’s name
Date submitted
Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct
thesis statement.
Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.

Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.
Must use at least six peer-reviewed sources that were published
within the last 10 years, in addition to the textbook.
Must document all sources in APA style, as outlined in the
Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a separate reference page, formatted according to
APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
==============================================
PSY 326 Week 5 Final Paper Research Proposal (2
Papers)
Focus of the Final Paper: Research Proposal
Design a research study on the topic of the study selected in Week
One and critiqued in Week Three. Your design should seek to
resolve the limitations you identified in the study you critiqued. Your
paper must address all of the components required in the
“Methods” section of a research proposal:
· · State the research question and/or hypothesis.
· · Specify the approach (qualitative or quantitative), research
design, sampling strategy, data collection procedures, and data
analysis techniques to be used.
· · If the design is quantitative, also describe the variables,
measures, and statistical tests you would use.
· · Analyze ethical issues that may arise and explain how you
would handle these issues.

Your Final Paper must be eight to ten pages in length (excluding
title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as
outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. Utilize a minimum of six
peer-reviewed sources that were published within the last 10 years,
in addition to the textbook, that are documented in APA style as
outlined in the Ashford Writing Center. The sources should consist
of the following:
· · One source should be the article you critiqued in the Week
Three assignment.
· · At least two sources should be about the research
methodology you have chosen for your study.
· · At least one source should be on ethical issues in research.
· · The remaining sources may be about anything pertinent to
your study.
In accordance with APA style, all references listed must be cited in
the body of the paper.
Required Sections and Subsections (use these headings in your
paper)
5. Introduction – Introduce the research topic, explain why it is
important, and present your research question and/or hypothesis.
II. Literature Review – Summarize the current state of knowledge
on your topic, making reference to the findings of previous research
studies (including the one you critiqued in Week Three). Briefly
analyze and critique these studies and mention the research
methods that have previously been used to study the topic. State
whether your proposed study is a replication of a previous study or a
new approach using methods that have not been used before. Be
sure to properly cite all of your sources in APA style.
III. Methods
A. Design – Indicate whether your proposed study is qualitative or
quantitative in approach. Identify the specific research design,
using one of the designs we have studied in Weeks Three through
Five, and indicate whether it is experimental or non-experimental.
Evaluate your chosen design and explain why you believe this

design is appropriate for the topic and how it will provide the
information you need to answer the research question. Cite sources
on research methodology to support your choices.
B. Participants – Identify and describe the sampling strategy you
would use to recruit participants for your study. Estimate the
number of participants you would need and explain why your
sampling method is appropriate for your research design and
approach.
C. Procedure/Measures – Apply the scientific method by describing
the steps you would use in carrying out your study. Indicate whether
you will use any kind of test, questionnaire, or measurement
instrument. If using an existing published instrument, provide a
brief description and cite your source. If you are creating a
questionnaire, survey, or test, describe the types of information you
will gather and explain how you would establish the validity and
reliability. If you are not using such an instrument, describe how
you would collect the data.
D. Data Analysis – Describe the statistical techniques (if
quantitative) or the analysis procedure (if qualitative) you plan to
use to analyze the data. Cite at least one source on the chosen
analysis technique (from your Week Two assignment).
E. Ethical Issues – Analyze the impact of ethical concerns on your
proposed study, such as confidentiality, deception, informed
consent, potential harm to participants, conflict of interest, IRB
approval, etc. After analyzing the ethical issues that apply to your
research proposal, indicate what you would do to handle these
concerns.
IV. Conclusion – Briefly summarize the major points from your
paper and reiterate why your proposed study is needed.
==============================================
PSY 326 Week 5 Quiz (2 Set – 100% Score)

Set 1
1. Question : ______________ assesses the degree to which
our results can be attributed to our independent variables.
Question 2. Dr. Poe is conducting an experiment in which he is
examining the effect of taking tests on later memory for studied
material. He has his participants study two standardized test
passages. For one of the passages, participants are given a second
opportunity to study the passage, followed by a recall test. For the
other passage, they are given a multiple choice test followed by a
recall test. He finds that performance in the recall test is better for
the passage for which participants were tested than the passage that
was studied twice. Which of the following best describes Dr. Poe’s
study?
Question 3. Dr. Washington is conducting an experiment in
which he is interested in the effects of the drug alprazolam on
episodic memory in adult participants. He conducts an experiment
in which he gives one group a pill containing 1 mg of the drug and
a second group a placebo pill. One hour following drug
administration he has the participants study 50 words, one a time,
and then asks them to recall as many of the words as possible. What
is Dr. Washington’s independent variable?

Question 4. __________________ are mean comparisons that
involve comparing only the means for which differences were
predicted by the hypothesis.
Question 5. ___________________ is the occurrence of a change
in behavior resulting from the mere expectation that change will
occur.
Question 6. ____________________ isa criterion for judging
external validity which indicates the research replicates the
psychological conditions of the real world.
Question 7. Dr. Grey is conducting a research study in which she
has assigned her participants to conditions prior to the experiment.
She has flipped a coin to determine if each participant is in
condition A or B until she has an equivalent number of participants
in each condition. What procedure has this investigator used?
Question 8. Dr. Jefferson is conducting an experiment in which
she is interested in the effects of caffeine on visuospatial ability in
adult participants. She conducts an experiment in which she gives
one group a pill containing 20mg of caffeine and a second group a
placebo pill. One hour following pill administration she has the
participants complete a mental rotation task. What is Dr.
Jefferson’s dependent variable?
Question 9. The threat to validity known as reactive
arrangements is a problem for __________.
Question 10. A(n) _____________ is the effect of each
independent variable on the dependent variable, collapsing across
the levels of other independent variables.
PSY 326 Week 5 Quiz

Question 1. Sheila is a graduate student interested in how the
presence of odors influences mood in adults. She measures the
mood of participants and then divides them into three groups: one is
placed in room with a pleasant odor, one group is placed in a room
with no odor (the air is purified with a filter), and the final group is
placed in room with a very unpleasant smell. Then, Sheila measures
their mood again. Which of the following best describes her study?
Question 2. ______________ assesses the degree to which our
results can be attributed to our independent variables.
Question 3. Dr. Grey is conducting a research study in which she
has assigned her participants to conditions prior to the experiment.
She has flipped a coin to determine if each participant is in
condition A or B until she has an equivalent number of participants
in each condition. What procedure has this investigator used?
Question 4. Robert is a graduate student interested in the effects
of exercise on attention. His hypothesis is that brief exercise will
improve attention performance in college aged adults. He tests half
of his participants following a 5 minute step test and the other half
of his participants following a five minute period of sitting quietly.
Which of the following best describes the exercise group?
Question 5. The threat to validity known as treatment diffusion is
a problem for __________.
Question 6. ____________area type of order effect that occurs
when participants’ performance decreases over time due to repeated
testing.

Question 7. A researcher is conducting a research study in which
he is concerned about verbal ability differences across the
conditions of his experiment. As a result, the first participants
complete a verbal learning task that ranks based on their score on
this task. The researcher then randomly assigns participants to
conditions, ensuring that his groups are equivalent on this task in
the end. What procedure has this investigator used?
Question 8. Joan is recruiting participants for a research study
in which she has advertised for participants interested in losing
20lbs in order to test if her new diet will be a successful tool for
losing weight. Unfortunately, her study suffers from ____________
because her participants are probably motivated to lose weight and
thus different from the general population of overweight
individuals.
Question 9. Dr. Perry is conducting an experiment in which he is
interested in the effects of the drug zolpidem on executive
functioning in adult participants. He conducts an experiment in
which he gives one group a pill containing 10 mg of the drug and a
second group a placebo pill. One hour following drug
administration, he has them complete the Wisconsin Card Sorting
Task. Which of the following best describes Dr. Perry’s
experimental design?
Question 10. Dr. Madison is conducting an experiment in which
he is interested in the effects of the drug lorazepam on working
memory in adult participants. He conducts an experiment in which
he gives one group a pill containing 5mg of the drug and a second
group a placebo pill. One hour following drug administration, he
has the participants complete the Operations Span Task. The
“placebo group” is best characterized as:
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