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- 1. Introduction to Physical Science Republic of the Philippines Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao PHILIPPINE ENGINEERING AND AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE, INC. Datu Gonsi Street, Brgy. Lomidong, Marawi City, Philippines 9700 S.Y. 2022-2023 By: Norjehan Sumagayan Banto Physical Science Instructor
- 2. What is the best discovery in Science that you know of?
- 3. WHAT TO LEARN? AT THE END OF THE LESSON THE STUDENTS ARE EXPECTED TO: • Explain the importance of ABC’s (fundamentals) of science • Apply scientific method • Distinguish between pure science and applied science • Describe the basic concepts of physical science
- 4. Ssssssss What is Science? It is the study of the natural world based on facts. SYSTEMATIZED SCIENTIFIC STUDY SCIENTIFIC METHOD
- 6. What are we learning this year? We will be looking at 3 different areas of physical science: Chemistry Physics Space Science
- 7. • Physical science is the study of matter and energy. • The universe is composed of matter. • Your body, this paper, and your desk are matter. • In physical science, you will learn the properties of metals, water, air, and many other kinds of matter. What is Physical Science?
- 8. Why do I have to know this stuff? • Imagine humans when they first had fire, when they first made wheels, when they first established where they were going by looking at the stars. • How did the things we consider basic - heat, light, navigation, transportation, entertainment - ever come to be? The answers all touch on physics and chemistry. Chemistry tells us how to make things and what things are made of. Physics tells us how and why things move.
- 9. Chemistry The study of: the composition (make-up) of matter the changes that matter undergoes
- 10. Physics The study of the physical world including motion, energy, light, electricity, magnetism, sound etc.
- 11. Natural Sciences Physical Science Earth and Space Science Biology (Life Science) Physics Chemistry
- 12. The ABC’s of Science A. The Metric System B. Safety C. The Scientific Method
- 13. The Metric System There are two advantages in using the metric system: 1. It helps scientists share & compare their results & observations. • If Vergara conducted an experiment here in PEACI, even a scientist in America would be able to understand his measurements. 2. All units are based on the number 10. • Changing from one unit to another is easy!
- 16. Prefix Symbol Meaning kilo- centi- milli- micro- k c m µ 1000 (1 thousand) 0.01 (1 one-hundredth) 0.001 (1 one-thousandth) 0.000001 (1 one-millionth) Part 1: the PREFIX
- 18. Part 2: the UNIT What are we measuring? Unit Symbol Length Volume Mass Temperature meter liter gram Kelvin m l g K
- 19. Let’s try! 1 kilometer is equal to _1000___ meters. kilo-meter prefix = kilo or 1000 unit = meter, measuring distance Therefore: 1 kilometer = 1000 meters. 5 kilometers is equal to _______ meters 10 kilometers is equal to _______ meters
- 20. Let’s try! What unit would you use to measure each of the following? Water in a bottle The distance from my classroom to the bathroom The amount of heat in the classroom? How much matter is in a paperclip
- 21. Metric System: Length The meter (m) is the SI unit of length. A meter is about the distance from a doorknob to the floor. A driver golf club is also about a meter in length. The meter is divided into 100 equal parts called centimeters (cm). There are 100 centimeters in a meter: 100 cm = 1 m
- 22. An even smaller unit is a millimeter (mm). The prefix “milli-” means 1/1000, so… 1000 mm = 1 m 10 mm = 1 cm Long distances are measured in kilometers (km). In the US, they measure speed by miles per hour (mph). In most other countries, they measure in kilometers per hour (km/h).
- 23. You try it! • Name 3 things that are about one meter long. • Name 3 things that are measured in centimeters • Name 3 things that are small enough to be measured in millimeters
- 25. You Try It! Arrows A, B, & C are all pointing to a particular place on a meter stick. Name the value & include units.
- 26. You try it! What is the most appropriate unit for a scientist to use to measure the following? • Distance from Malabang to Marawi City • Length of your eyelash • Length of your arm • Height of PEACI building • Length of a grain of salt
- 27. You try it! Practice Measuring 1. Measure the length of this paper in cm & mm. _______ cm & _______ mm 2. Draw a square with sides measuring 11cm. 3. Measure the height of your desk from the floor to the top in meters & centimeters. _______ cm & _______ m 4. Measure the length of your desk in meters & cm. _______ cm & _______ m
- 28. Smile Lab Time! Today you’re going to measure your smile with a piece of string, and then tape that string to your table’s paper. When your table has completed the measurements & taping come up front to record what the measurements were, so that your classmates can record those lengths. Be sure to complete the graph & conclusion of your lab. EVERYONE needs to complete a lab write up.
- 29. • Freedom from harm or danger • To protect against failure. SAFETY
- 30. Recognize a problem Hypothesis- an educated guess, must be testable. Observation -measurement, data collection (experiment) Conclusion Scientific Method
- 31. A well- tested explanation for a set of observations. Example: Big Bang Theory Scientific Theory
- 32. Describes and summarizes an observed pattern in nature without attempting to explain it. A hypothesis that has been repeatedly tested and not contradicted. Change or are abandoned when contradicted. Scientific Law or Principle
- 33. Scientific Model A representation of an object or an event, that helps us visualize and understand them.
- 34. Scientific Fact Observation May change
- 35. Science and Technology Pure Science Done for the sake of knowledge Applied Science (Technology) Done with a purpose of solving a problem. Has an application.
- 36. Pure Science or Technology?
- 37. Pure Science or Technology?