SlideShare a Scribd company logo
PROS AND CONS OF OER
Tanna Rasmussen, CBE Completion Coach
Columbia Basin College
1. POOLED KNOWLEDGE
~Pro~
Faculty and students have the opportunity to access
a far more comprehensive and larger collection of
knowledge than was available before OER.
~Con~
Sometimes there is too much knowledge and it
becomes overwhelming and unmanageable.
2. CURRENT CONTENT
~Pro~
The most current content for any topic could be
available and accessible in a format that makes it
possible for faculty to implement it efficiently and
quickly.
~Con~
The most current content may not be the content
shared.
3. ACCURATE CONTENT
~Pro~
When released in the interactive web, more “experts”
are reviewing content and there is a possibility of
more accurate information as a resource is reviewed,
and at times, adjusted (if the license allows).
~Con~
Anyone can share any resources – the available
content may not be the most accurate.
4. CREATIVITY
~Pro~
Pooled creativity could make course content more
interactive, interesting and even aesthetically
pleasing.
~Con~
It could go too far – content could become too “flashy”
or “busy” and the meaning of the topic could be lost.
5. TODAY’S CULTURE
~Pro~
With the information age, the newest generations of
students literally have information at their fingertips.
OER is likely more familiar and natural to the culture
of these generations.
~Con~
There could be some resistance and struggle with the
massive shifts in roles among instructors and
teachers as a result of movements such as OER.

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

Estadística, Chat, Bolivia, Medicina, Estética, Salud, CEPI, Estudios, Posgra...
Estadística, Chat, Bolivia, Medicina, Estética, Salud, CEPI, Estudios, Posgra...Estadística, Chat, Bolivia, Medicina, Estética, Salud, CEPI, Estudios, Posgra...
Estadística, Chat, Bolivia, Medicina, Estética, Salud, CEPI, Estudios, Posgra...
Álvaro Miguel Carranza Montalvo
 
CROSS-DEVICE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE US
CROSS-DEVICE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE USCROSS-DEVICE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE US
CROSS-DEVICE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE US
James Nichols
 
Retail environments final
Retail environments finalRetail environments final
Retail environments finalalexrenee1041
 
Carmona_Antonio_presentació_COMPETIC2
Carmona_Antonio_presentació_COMPETIC2Carmona_Antonio_presentació_COMPETIC2
Carmona_Antonio_presentació_COMPETIC2
supercoci
 
What can the Training of Child Protection Social Workers Learn from Medical T...
What can the Training of Child Protection Social Workers Learn from Medical T...What can the Training of Child Protection Social Workers Learn from Medical T...
What can the Training of Child Protection Social Workers Learn from Medical T...
BASPCAN
 
Video Interaction Guidance
Video Interaction GuidanceVideo Interaction Guidance
Video Interaction Guidance
BASPCAN
 
Water Management
Water ManagementWater Management
Water Management
Anujmor17
 
Child Death Review and the U.S. National Child Death Review Case Reporting Sy...
Child Death Review and the U.S. National Child Death Review Case Reporting Sy...Child Death Review and the U.S. National Child Death Review Case Reporting Sy...
Child Death Review and the U.S. National Child Death Review Case Reporting Sy...
BASPCAN
 
Assisting Carers to Respond to the Mental Health Needs of Children
Assisting Carers to Respond to the Mental Health Needs of ChildrenAssisting Carers to Respond to the Mental Health Needs of Children
Assisting Carers to Respond to the Mental Health Needs of Children
BASPCAN
 
Resolving Tensions between Carers and Workers in Statutory Kinship Care - an ...
Resolving Tensions between Carers and Workers in Statutory Kinship Care - an ...Resolving Tensions between Carers and Workers in Statutory Kinship Care - an ...
Resolving Tensions between Carers and Workers in Statutory Kinship Care - an ...
BASPCAN
 
Beyond Installs - Key Insights on Mobile Apps in India
Beyond Installs  - Key Insights on Mobile Apps in IndiaBeyond Installs  - Key Insights on Mobile Apps in India
Beyond Installs - Key Insights on Mobile Apps in India
James Nichols
 
Weka project
Weka projectWeka project
Weka project
PhattariLy Ces
 
Listening to Mum
Listening to MumListening to Mum
Listening to Mum
BASPCAN
 
App Measurement for mCommerce
App Measurement for mCommerceApp Measurement for mCommerce
App Measurement for mCommerce
James Nichols
 
10 the influence of environmental bacteria in freshwater stingray
10  the influence of environmental bacteria in freshwater stingray10  the influence of environmental bacteria in freshwater stingray
10 the influence of environmental bacteria in freshwater stingray
pryloock
 
Vincent van gogh
Vincent van goghVincent van gogh
Vincent van goghcmacke03
 
Leading the way towards making a real difference to children's lives in Wales:
Leading the way towards making a real difference to children's lives in Wales:Leading the way towards making a real difference to children's lives in Wales:
Leading the way towards making a real difference to children's lives in Wales:
BASPCAN
 

Viewers also liked (20)

Unit 13 LO3
Unit 13 LO3Unit 13 LO3
Unit 13 LO3
 
Estadística, Chat, Bolivia, Medicina, Estética, Salud, CEPI, Estudios, Posgra...
Estadística, Chat, Bolivia, Medicina, Estética, Salud, CEPI, Estudios, Posgra...Estadística, Chat, Bolivia, Medicina, Estética, Salud, CEPI, Estudios, Posgra...
Estadística, Chat, Bolivia, Medicina, Estética, Salud, CEPI, Estudios, Posgra...
 
CROSS-DEVICE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE US
CROSS-DEVICE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE USCROSS-DEVICE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE US
CROSS-DEVICE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE US
 
Retail environments final
Retail environments finalRetail environments final
Retail environments final
 
Carmona_Antonio_presentació_COMPETIC2
Carmona_Antonio_presentació_COMPETIC2Carmona_Antonio_presentació_COMPETIC2
Carmona_Antonio_presentació_COMPETIC2
 
CVinternet
CVinternetCVinternet
CVinternet
 
What can the Training of Child Protection Social Workers Learn from Medical T...
What can the Training of Child Protection Social Workers Learn from Medical T...What can the Training of Child Protection Social Workers Learn from Medical T...
What can the Training of Child Protection Social Workers Learn from Medical T...
 
Video Interaction Guidance
Video Interaction GuidanceVideo Interaction Guidance
Video Interaction Guidance
 
Water Management
Water ManagementWater Management
Water Management
 
Child Death Review and the U.S. National Child Death Review Case Reporting Sy...
Child Death Review and the U.S. National Child Death Review Case Reporting Sy...Child Death Review and the U.S. National Child Death Review Case Reporting Sy...
Child Death Review and the U.S. National Child Death Review Case Reporting Sy...
 
Assisting Carers to Respond to the Mental Health Needs of Children
Assisting Carers to Respond to the Mental Health Needs of ChildrenAssisting Carers to Respond to the Mental Health Needs of Children
Assisting Carers to Respond to the Mental Health Needs of Children
 
Resolving Tensions between Carers and Workers in Statutory Kinship Care - an ...
Resolving Tensions between Carers and Workers in Statutory Kinship Care - an ...Resolving Tensions between Carers and Workers in Statutory Kinship Care - an ...
Resolving Tensions between Carers and Workers in Statutory Kinship Care - an ...
 
Beyond Installs - Key Insights on Mobile Apps in India
Beyond Installs  - Key Insights on Mobile Apps in IndiaBeyond Installs  - Key Insights on Mobile Apps in India
Beyond Installs - Key Insights on Mobile Apps in India
 
Weka project
Weka projectWeka project
Weka project
 
Listening to Mum
Listening to MumListening to Mum
Listening to Mum
 
App Measurement for mCommerce
App Measurement for mCommerceApp Measurement for mCommerce
App Measurement for mCommerce
 
10 the influence of environmental bacteria in freshwater stingray
10  the influence of environmental bacteria in freshwater stingray10  the influence of environmental bacteria in freshwater stingray
10 the influence of environmental bacteria in freshwater stingray
 
happy
happyhappy
happy
 
Vincent van gogh
Vincent van goghVincent van gogh
Vincent van gogh
 
Leading the way towards making a real difference to children's lives in Wales:
Leading the way towards making a real difference to children's lives in Wales:Leading the way towards making a real difference to children's lives in Wales:
Leading the way towards making a real difference to children's lives in Wales:
 

Similar to Pros and cons of oer

Deepening Pedagogy with OER
Deepening Pedagogy with OERDeepening Pedagogy with OER
Deepening Pedagogy with OER
Laura Murray
 
Assignment 9-1.pptx
Assignment 9-1.pptxAssignment 9-1.pptx
Assignment 9-1.pptx
TerriGlazewski1
 
Podcasting in the Classroom
Podcasting in the ClassroomPodcasting in the Classroom
Podcasting in the Classroomguest339d9ff
 
Podcasting in the Classroom
Podcasting in the ClassroomPodcasting in the Classroom
Podcasting in the Classroomguest339d9ff
 
Open education resources
Open education resourcesOpen education resources
CCCOER Open Pedagogy Nov 12 2014
CCCOER Open Pedagogy Nov 12 2014CCCOER Open Pedagogy Nov 12 2014
CCCOER Open Pedagogy Nov 12 2014
Una Daly
 
From My Mouth to Faculty Ears: A Model for Successful Teaching
From My Mouth to Faculty Ears: A Model for Successful TeachingFrom My Mouth to Faculty Ears: A Model for Successful Teaching
From My Mouth to Faculty Ears: A Model for Successful Teaching
Western New York/Ontario Chapter Association of College and Research Libraries
 
Common Core State Standards and School Libraries
Common Core State Standards and School LibrariesCommon Core State Standards and School Libraries
Common Core State Standards and School Libraries
jldunn2
 
Authorship and use of OER as academic practice for research-led teaching - Me...
Authorship and use of OER as academic practice for research-led teaching - Me...Authorship and use of OER as academic practice for research-led teaching - Me...
Authorship and use of OER as academic practice for research-led teaching - Me...
Support Centre for Open Resources in Education
 
Benefits and drawbacks of oer by bobbi sandberg
Benefits and drawbacks of oer   by bobbi sandbergBenefits and drawbacks of oer   by bobbi sandberg
Benefits and drawbacks of oer by bobbi sandberg
chuxmom
 
The Pros and Cons of using OER
The Pros and Cons of  using OERThe Pros and Cons of  using OER
The Pros and Cons of using OER
paransobati
 
Contextualizing language
Contextualizing languageContextualizing language
Contextualizing languagerosame2624
 
Factors to consider in writing instructional materials
Factors to consider in writing instructional materialsFactors to consider in writing instructional materials
Factors to consider in writing instructional materials
Patrixia Ann Baldonaza
 
OER
OEROER
Outcomes and assessment
Outcomes and assessmentOutcomes and assessment
Outcomes and assessment
jonacuso
 
Defining research needs
Defining research needsDefining research needs
Defining research needs
Stigge
 

Similar to Pros and cons of oer (20)

Deepening Pedagogy with OER
Deepening Pedagogy with OERDeepening Pedagogy with OER
Deepening Pedagogy with OER
 
Assignment 9-1.pptx
Assignment 9-1.pptxAssignment 9-1.pptx
Assignment 9-1.pptx
 
Podcasting in the Classroom
Podcasting in the ClassroomPodcasting in the Classroom
Podcasting in the Classroom
 
Podcasting in the Classroom
Podcasting in the ClassroomPodcasting in the Classroom
Podcasting in the Classroom
 
Open education resources
Open education resourcesOpen education resources
Open education resources
 
CCCOER Open Pedagogy Nov 12 2014
CCCOER Open Pedagogy Nov 12 2014CCCOER Open Pedagogy Nov 12 2014
CCCOER Open Pedagogy Nov 12 2014
 
From My Mouth to Faculty Ears: A Model for Successful Teaching
From My Mouth to Faculty Ears: A Model for Successful TeachingFrom My Mouth to Faculty Ears: A Model for Successful Teaching
From My Mouth to Faculty Ears: A Model for Successful Teaching
 
Common Core State Standards and School Libraries
Common Core State Standards and School LibrariesCommon Core State Standards and School Libraries
Common Core State Standards and School Libraries
 
Authorship and use of OER as academic practice for research-led teaching - Me...
Authorship and use of OER as academic practice for research-led teaching - Me...Authorship and use of OER as academic practice for research-led teaching - Me...
Authorship and use of OER as academic practice for research-led teaching - Me...
 
Benefits and drawbacks of oer by bobbi sandberg
Benefits and drawbacks of oer   by bobbi sandbergBenefits and drawbacks of oer   by bobbi sandberg
Benefits and drawbacks of oer by bobbi sandberg
 
The Pros and Cons of using OER
The Pros and Cons of  using OERThe Pros and Cons of  using OER
The Pros and Cons of using OER
 
Contextualizing language
Contextualizing languageContextualizing language
Contextualizing language
 
Factors to consider in writing instructional materials
Factors to consider in writing instructional materialsFactors to consider in writing instructional materials
Factors to consider in writing instructional materials
 
OER
OEROER
OER
 
Outcomes and assessment
Outcomes and assessmentOutcomes and assessment
Outcomes and assessment
 
Oer resources
Oer resourcesOer resources
Oer resources
 
Defining research needs
Defining research needsDefining research needs
Defining research needs
 
Education1
Education1Education1
Education1
 
Education1
Education1Education1
Education1
 
Education1
Education1Education1
Education1
 

Recently uploaded

Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfWelcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
TechSoup
 
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
Levi Shapiro
 
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptxChapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Mohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
 
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdfLapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Jean Carlos Nunes Paixão
 
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdfCACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
camakaiclarkmusic
 
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech RepublicPolish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Anna Sz.
 
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute  Check Company Auto PropertyModel Attribute  Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Celine George
 
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
Celine George
 
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationA Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Peter Windle
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
Special education needs
 
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfUnit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Thiyagu K
 
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptxThe approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
Jisc
 
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdfHome assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Tamralipta Mahavidyalaya
 
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxPalestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
RaedMohamed3
 
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
Jisc
 
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th SemesterGuidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Atul Kumar Singh
 
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe..."Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
SACHIN R KONDAGURI
 
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxFrancesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
EduSkills OECD
 
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.pptThesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
EverAndrsGuerraGuerr
 
Operation Blue Star - Saka Neela Tara
Operation Blue Star   -  Saka Neela TaraOperation Blue Star   -  Saka Neela Tara
Operation Blue Star - Saka Neela Tara
Balvir Singh
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfWelcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
 
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
 
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptxChapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
 
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdfLapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
 
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdfCACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
 
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech RepublicPolish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
 
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute  Check Company Auto PropertyModel Attribute  Check Company Auto Property
Model Attribute Check Company Auto Property
 
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
 
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationA Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
 
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfUnit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
 
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptxThe approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
 
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdfHome assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
 
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxPalestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptx
 
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
 
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th SemesterGuidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
Guidance_and_Counselling.pdf B.Ed. 4th Semester
 
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe..."Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
 
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxFrancesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptx
 
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.pptThesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
 
Operation Blue Star - Saka Neela Tara
Operation Blue Star   -  Saka Neela TaraOperation Blue Star   -  Saka Neela Tara
Operation Blue Star - Saka Neela Tara
 

Pros and cons of oer

  • 1. PROS AND CONS OF OER Tanna Rasmussen, CBE Completion Coach Columbia Basin College
  • 2. 1. POOLED KNOWLEDGE ~Pro~ Faculty and students have the opportunity to access a far more comprehensive and larger collection of knowledge than was available before OER. ~Con~ Sometimes there is too much knowledge and it becomes overwhelming and unmanageable.
  • 3. 2. CURRENT CONTENT ~Pro~ The most current content for any topic could be available and accessible in a format that makes it possible for faculty to implement it efficiently and quickly. ~Con~ The most current content may not be the content shared.
  • 4. 3. ACCURATE CONTENT ~Pro~ When released in the interactive web, more “experts” are reviewing content and there is a possibility of more accurate information as a resource is reviewed, and at times, adjusted (if the license allows). ~Con~ Anyone can share any resources – the available content may not be the most accurate.
  • 5. 4. CREATIVITY ~Pro~ Pooled creativity could make course content more interactive, interesting and even aesthetically pleasing. ~Con~ It could go too far – content could become too “flashy” or “busy” and the meaning of the topic could be lost.
  • 6. 5. TODAY’S CULTURE ~Pro~ With the information age, the newest generations of students literally have information at their fingertips. OER is likely more familiar and natural to the culture of these generations. ~Con~ There could be some resistance and struggle with the massive shifts in roles among instructors and teachers as a result of movements such as OER.