Business management project

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. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Inspiration and hard work always play a key role in the success of any venture. At
the level of practice, it is often difficult to get knowledge without guidance. “ Project is like a
bridge between theory and practice. “ With this will I felt pleasure to undertake this project.
Iam thankful to Dr. Pramod Kumar Prusty, who gave the requisite guidance
throughout this projet. He has been a source of inspiration during the completion of my project
work.
Sriman Sai Subham
CHSE Roll No. : 245CA056

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. CERTIFICATE
Name of the teacher : Dr. Pramod Kumar Prusty
Designation : Lecturer in Commerce
Name of college : Ravenshaw Junior college, Cuttack
Certified that Sriman Sai Subham of +2 2nd year Commerce, Section A has completed his
project file under my supervision.
I certify that project is in accordance with the guidelines issued by CHSE, Odisha.
Dr. Pramod Kumar Prusty
( Signature )

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ABSTRACT
Packaging of the products plays an important role to increase sales by attracting the consumers.
The purpose of this project is to evaluate the consumer awareness on changing in product
packing style day by day. This project analyses the reasons for changing in packaging styles, its
positive and negative impacts on the atmosphere and on our health and also shows best
alternatives of packing styles for the consumers through the case study.

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. CONTENTS
SL
no.
Title Page no.
1. Introduction of consumers and their types 5
2. Consumer rights 5 – 6
3. Consumer Awareness 6 – 7
4. Introduce to product packaging, functions of packaging and levels of packaging 7 – 9
5. Reasons for change in packaging styles 9 – 11
6. A case study of consumer awareness on recent changes in packaging styles – Milk
packaging
11 – 13
7. Conclusion 14
8. Reference 15

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Consumer – The person who purchases goods and services from the market for his
personal use. A consumer is said to be the king in the market because the fortune of business
depends on the degree of consumers satisfaction. Therefore a producer should produce goods as
per consumer’s liking to satisfy them.
Some examples of consumers ; bank customers, subscribers to telephone, electricity
consumer, passengers travelling by train, a depositor of money, patient receiving medical
treatment.
Rights of consumers
The consumer protection act highlights the basic rights of consumers which
are put under the following points.
1. Right to safety : The producer providing goods in the market would be liable to the
ultimate user, if his person or property is injured in the normal use of the goods. The victimized
customer will have a speedy and effective remedy under the consumer redressal system.
2. Right to information : According to this right, the producers and sellers should provide
consumers with enough and appropriate information regarding the price, weight, company brand,
manufacturing and expiry dates, ingredients etc.
3. Right to choose : The consumers have the right to choose what to buy and what not to
buy. The seller can’t force the buyer to buy such things which he may not wish to.
4. Right to be heard : Through this right a consumer is assured that his grievances will be
heard in the appropriate forum.
5. Right to seek redressal: Under this act, customers have been given the right to seek
redressal against unfair trade practices.
6. Right to consumer education: Education makes the consumer aware of his rights and
hence the chances of exploitation become meager. A well educated and informed customer is
likely to behave rationally and is more effective in his mission.
7. Right to basic needs : This right tells that every consumer must have the right to fulfill
the basic needs , so that he can have a dignified living.

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8. Right to healthy environment : All citizens and consumers have the right to be
protected against environment degradation and pollution. It is the duty of the manufacturers to
take precautionary measures not to pollute the environment by leaving the industrial effluents to
the rivers, seas or open space.
CONSUMER AWARENESS
The market today is flooded with large varieties of goods and services as the
number of producers and sellers have increased manifold. It’s impossible for consumers to
personally come in contact with the producers or sellers. Therefore the consumers must be fully
aware of the product to be purchased, it’s effect on health and environment, his right and
responsibilities. This is known as consumer
awareness.
1. Knowledge of the product : A
customer must be aware of the quality and
attributes a product possesses. For example, for
a female lipstick buyer, range of shades,
packaging, price, prestige factor, etc ; are the
product attributes. She should also be aware of
the hazards associated with the use of .
the product.
2. Knowledge of the producer : A customer must have an idea about the company making
and marketing the product, the brand. For example, selection of a mixer grinder may have the
awareness set such as ; bajaj, Phillips, etc.
3. Effecton environment : Consumer should have an idea whether the product or packing
damage our environment. Using of plastic bag, for example, causes serious damage to our
environment. They should use biodegradable products.
4. Utilities associatedwith product : Many products offer multiple utilities. For example,
owning a motor bike may be for transportation, pleasure, status, comfort, feeling of ownership,
etc. He must weigh the utilities against the cost of purchase.
5. Contents of advertisement : Usually, the seller make advertisement of the product
through newspapers, television, etc. The customer should have proper education to diagnose the
hidden elements in the advertisement and must verify its contents carefully.

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6. His own rights : Six rights have been provided to consumers under the consumer
protection Act. He should be aware of these rights so that he can take action against the fault of
the seller if the product turns out to be useless, defective or risky.
7. The price of the product : A consumer should have an idea about the price of the
product he is going to buy. He have to know that any trader can’t charge more prices than
mentioned on the product.
CONSUMER AWARENESS on recent
changes in PACKAGING
It’s also the responsibility of the consumers to be aware of the changes in
packaging. They have to evaluate it’s merits and demerits and give feedback so that the
producers can take necessary steps to
improve packaging.
Ex : designs of coca-cola bottles
changes year after years.
Product packaging
The most important aspect of marketing is arguably product packaging.
Especially business with physical products, packaging design can be the deciding factor on
whether the item is purchased or not. In today’s design focused environment, customers place
equal importance on the quality of the packing design to the functional aspect of the product. If
we want to stay in the market then, we have to invest on product packaging.
Reasonsofproduct packing
a. To protect the product from physical damage.
b. To make it attractive.
c. To specify it’s price and brand along with contents.

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Levels of product packaging
There are different levels of packaging to protect the product.
1. Primary packaging -Primary package refers to the product’s immediate package. In
certain cases, such package is retained till the consumer is ready to use the product. For example,
plastic packet for socks while in some other cases such package is used throughout the life of the
product such as the bottle carrying jam or tomato sauce etc.
2. Secondarypackaging - Secondary packaging is the additional packing given to a product
to protect it. Such packing is retained till the consumer wants to start using the product. For
example. Pears Soap usually comes in a card board box. Consumer first throws the box when he
desires to use it & than discards plastic wrapper too to get hold of the soap.
3. Transportationpackaging -It refers to packages essential for storing, identifying or
transporting. For example, use of corrugated boxes, wooden crates etc.
Functions of Packaging:
Following are the main functions performed by packaging:
1. Product Identification:
Packaging ensures easy identification of a product. For example, Taj Mahal Tea can be easily
identified from a distance due to its blue color box.
2. Product Protection:
The most important function of packaging is to ensure protection of a product from spoilage,
leakage, breakage etc. It also ensures effective protection during storage and transportation of a
product.
3. Facilitating Use of the Product:
Packaging helps the customers to easily handle and use the product. For example, tubes of tooth
pastes, bottles of cold drinks etc.

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4. Product Promotion:
Packaging acts as an important promotional tool. The attractive color scheme or photograph used
in packing helps in attracting the attention of the people and inducing them to purchase the
product. Therefore, it plays the role of silent salesman.
Reasons for change in product packaging
1. Outdated product packaging design: The producers have to change the product
design if the packaging design of the product is outdated. Because now-a-days consumers are
attracted through beautiful and sober designing of products.
These are the example of latest fruit packing design and outdated and updated tropicana juice
packaging design.
2. Change in product formula : Now-a-days new innovations come regularly. For which
the producers also have to adopt new ingridients to make the product better than ever. It can also
attract the consumers to buy the specific product for new experience. For change in ingridients
the producers have to change the product packaging design along with the ingridients chart
mentioned on the product.
3. Company re-branding : It’s a trend in the business lately to rebrand from the ground up.
It’s usually the legacy brands which have been arounf for decades who change to a more
contemporary branding to reflect the mordern times. Others change their logos and other
company visual to reflect a change in direction.

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4. Public relations crisis and recovery: Public relations nightmares can happen even to
the best of us. Especislly today when public interaction happens almost immidietly through
social media, one bad piece of publicity could be fatal to your brand. It may take a while to
recover from this effect of this negetive publicity.
5. Financialproblems : Every business experiences financial problems. Some product
packaging can be costly. You may be too financially invested in the product packaging design
without any noticeble return of investment. In any case consider your product packaging if you
want to cut costs.
6. New product packaging technology: New technology can result in a more efficient
product packaging process. Furthermore, there may be new ways to design it that you are
missing out on.
Ex : These are the examples of latest fruit packaging trend.
7. specialor limited edition launch : Now-a-days people want latest technologies along
with latest features to co-operate with the latest trend in the market. Therefore, to attract the
consumers some producers launch special or limited edition of their heavy demanding products
to increase sales by fulfill the consumer wants. Ex : In smartphone market,

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Samsung s7 edge injustice edition One plus 5T star wars edition
Case study on consumerawarenessonrecent changes in packaging
We can take milk packaging as example and can evaluate it’s merits and
demerits.
a. Milk in plastic packet: As per public demands milk is avialable in small thin plastic
packets of 500ml.
Advantages – Disadvantages –
1. Easy to carry. 1. Plastic packets contains harmful
2. useful for middle class consumers. Chemical.
3. useful for daily need. 2. Can’t be stored for a long period
b. Milk in hard paper packs : Now a days in departmental stores and multiple shops milk
is stored in hard paper packs.

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Advantages – Disadvantages
1. Ready to drink. 1. Can’t be stored for long time.
2. More healthy than plastic. 2. More costly.
c. Milk in glass bottle : Glass bottle can be the mostly recommended container of milk as
per public choice.
Advantaages – Disadvantages –
1. More healthy. 1. More chances of damage.
2. can be stored for long time.
3. Easy to store.
d. Milk in metal container : In some special shops milk is sold in metal containers.

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Advantages – Disadvantages –
1. No chance for physical damage. 1. Leakage can be arise.
2. More healthier than paper packs.
3. Easy to carry and store.
Evaluation of consumer awarenesson milk packaging types,
a. Milk in plastic packet : Although the plastic packaged milk is easy to carry but
consumers have to be aware of plastic by use the packet milk instantly.
b. Milk in hard paper packs : Although the paper packs are more healthier than plastic the
consumers have to be aware of it’s price because it’s more costly.
c. Milk in glass bottle : By evaluating the advantages and disadvantages glass bottle
packaging is most healthier but consumers have to be aware of physical damage.
d. Milk in metal containers : Metal containers are easy to carry, free from damage and
healthier also but consumers have to be aware of the leakage.

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- CONCLUSION –
It’s the responsibilies of the consumers to evaluate the advantages and
disadvantages then choosethe correct product. So, as a consumer I can recommend
the glass bottle for packaging to stay more healthier but if we have evaluate all the
factors we have to select the metal containers as the best alternative among the
milk packaging.

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References
1. Slideshare.net