This document provides guidance on writing a research proposal. It discusses what a research proposal is and its components, including the title, abstract, problem statement, aims and objectives, methodology, and expected results. It emphasizes that the topic should be focused and specific, relate to real-world problems, and fill a research gap. The methodology section should describe the study design and be replicable. Expected results should be linked to the aims and objectives. Overall, the proposal should convince readers that the research is significant and the methods are well-thought out.

1. PROJECT/
RESEARCH
PROPOSAL
DEVELOPMENT
GBPNIHE

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RESEARCH PROPOSAL?
What is the research
proposal?
How to define research
topic?
How to organize your
research proposal?
How to write research
proposal?

3. TYPES OF PROPOSALS
Master degree thesis
To answer the research problem
based on existing knowledge
Doctoral degree thesis
Creates a significant new
contribution to the knowledge,
way towards solution
Project proposal for funding
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DEFINING THETOPIC
Does the topic relate
to real life and the
societal problem?
Does the topic
interesting or useful?
Does the topic
focussed or specific?
Does the idea fill the
research gap?
Will the research
generate new
knowledge which will
be used for the
different stakeholders?

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IMPORTANT POINTS TO BE NOTED
 Passion about the subject/ topic
 Result into great discovery or new finding
 Should be catchy/ grabby
 Well formulated aims and objectives
 Selection of supervisor, based on their expertise and the
ability to guide (specifically important for the future
researchers)
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BASIC COMPONENTS
 Title and keywords
 Abstract
 Statement of the problem
 Aims and Objectives
 Significance and target stakeholders
 State of the art
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 Methodology
 Expected outcomes
 Project layout
 Impact
 Bibliography

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TITLE
Specific and accurate
Not too long
Catchy
Contain the main idea
Start with the action verb

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KEYWORD
 Keyword 6-8
 Words not included in the title
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Example
Title
Study of adsorptive desulphurization of gasoline
Keywords:
• Sulphur compounds
• Liquid and vapour phase adsorption
• Thermal swing studies
• Simulation
• Breakthrough studies
• Kinetics

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ABSTRACT (SHOULD BEWRITTEN AT LAST)
Not too long
Max 250 words
Should cover
• Research problem
• Aim and objectives
• Methodology
• Expected results
• Audience and impact

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PROBLEM STATEMENT
Contextualise and concise
Refer authorities and standard studies
Identified problems supported by the numbers
Contain overview of most relevant work
Clear hypothesis
Contain significance of the problem

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AIMS
Should be target oriented
Simple and direct
Beneficial for the society
Motivating
Understandable by non-technical person also

12. OBJECTIVE
Specific (More focussed, less broad)
Measurable (can track the progress,
measure the closeness of work with
the aim)
Attainable (achievable and suitable
circumstance are there to achieve it)
Realistic (Calculated the time
efforts and clear about intention and
capacity)
Time bound (dead line focussed)
Should be original and interesting
concept
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13. REVISION
Title
Summary/ Abstract
Keywords
Problem statements
Aims
Objectives
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14. SIGNIFICANCE
▪ Significance (importance)
▪ Originality
▪ Added value
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AUDIENCE/ STAKEHOLDERS
 Who do you want to reach
 Define your target audience
 Cause of selection of particular target audience
 Increasing relevance of the research
 Use of appropriate communication style
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STATE OF THE ART/ REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Why?
 To improve understanding on a particular topic
 To build expertise in a particular area
 To demonstrate knowledge
 To update the reader on the state of the art
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STATE OF THE ART/ REVIEW OF LITERATURE
 Resources
 Narrow specific topics
 Review
1. Concepts
2. Snapshots
3. Relationship
4. Classification
5. Extraction
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LITERATURE REVIEW
 Proposal should advance the state of the art
 Introduce innovative approach
 Current worldwide status and comparison with that
 Collect major ideas and concept related to the targeted ideas
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LITERATURE REVIEW
It should
 Be significant / important / interesting
 fill some important or interesting gap or address some important limitation or
deficiency
 Explain and justify your research hypotheses / ideas
 Convince the reader that your research methods are well thought through
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20. RESEARCH
METHODS
Graphical analysis
Process analysis
Observational studies
Literature review
Technology review
Monitoring
Statistical analysis
Simulation analysis
Photography
RS-GIS based analysis
Lab based analysis
And so on….. 20
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METHODOLOGY
Pure and basic research
➢ Theoretical research
Strategic basic research
➢Design development, concept,
model, prototype, system, standard, etc
Applied research
➢Simulation models, case studies,
system analysis, comparison analysis
etc.
Experimental development
➢Laboratory , Monitoring, testing etc
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METHODOLOGY
Should be replicable
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https://plos.org/resource/how-to-write-your-methods/

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METHODOLOGY
Should have overview of study design
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EXPECTED RESULTS
 Based on literature review
 Use the outputs of other studies
 Prediction of possible outcomes
 Linked to aims and objective
 Concrete, evidence based, usable outcomes
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OUTCOMES
Data
Information
Knowledge
Decision
Research outcome may be
Product, Guidelines, Map,App,Web tool, Program, Book,
Equation, Model,Theory, Methodology, Policy, Strategy etc
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VALIDATION
 Comparison with published results
 Take help of user group for the validation of results
 Internal and external validation of results
(repeatability and accuracy)
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ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
 Steps to be followed for reaching the
objectives
 To predict the possible progress of
targeted work
 Use of Gantt chart for planning time
schedule
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IMPACT
 Short and long term impact
 Are the identified impacts relevant to the society?
 Can the identified impacts be realistic and achieved?
 Promising way to analyse the impact is to publish the work
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IMPACT
 Plan for dissemination of expected results, which should be targeted, clear and
attainable
 Some of the possible mode for dissemination of findings:
➢ Internal seminars
➢ Stakeholders meetings
➢ Publications in peer reviewed journals, books, reports, reviews etc
➢ Conference presentation
➢ Exhibitions
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Include the literature used while writing the proposal
 Can show the motivation on the subject
 Use same type of citation mode through out the bibliography as per rule
 Use reference manager such as Mendeley, Zotero, MS office reference manager etc
for convenience
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TO SUM UP
 Title and Keywords
 Abstract
 Problem statement
 Aims and objectives
 Significance and audience/stakeholders
 State of the Art
 Methodology
 Expected results
 Impact and bibliography
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SOME IMPORTANT POINTS
 The text should be properly structured
 Write short sentences
 Use images/ charts/ diagrams for breaking up the text
 Be brief and concise
 Gets experts help
 Well organize the content with sufficient details
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THANKYOU