This document outlines a project to develop a system for detecting motorcyclists who are violating helmet laws using image processing and convolutional neural networks. The system is designed to detect motorbikes, determine if the rider is wearing a helmet or not, and if not, extract and recognize the license plate number. The document includes sections on the abstract, introduction, objectives, system analysis, specification, design including UML diagrams, modules, inputs/outputs, and conclusion.

1. Presented by : Under the guidance of :
R.NARMADA SAVITHA REDDY MADAM
MCA VI SEM
Roll no:101319862004

2. CONTENTS :
 Abstract
 Introduction
 Objective of the project
 System analysis
 System specification
 System design
 Modules
 Input & output
 Conclusion

3. ABSTRACT :
 Nowadays, road accidents are one of the major causes that leads to
human death. Among them, motor bike accidents are common and
causes critical injuries.
 Helmet is one of the main protection unit for a motor bicyclist.
However, many fail to conform to the law of wearing helmet.
 Here, to detect the motorcyclists who are violating the helmet laws, a
system using image processing and convolutional neural network is
implemented.
 Once the motorbike is detected, by means of convolutional neural
network, it is determined whether the motorcyclist is wearing a helmet
or not. If the motorcyclist is identified without helmet, then the

4. INTRODUCTION :
 The main safety equipment of motorcyclist is the helmet. The helmet
protects the motorcyclist against accidents. Although the helmet use is
mandatory in many countries, there are motorcyclists that do not use it
or use it incorrectly.
 Over the past years many works have been carried out in traffic
analysis, including vehicle detection and classification, and helmet
detection.
 Using this helmet detection model helmet-less riders can be easily
detected. Based one the detected classes the license plate of the rider is
cropped out and saved as an image.
 This image is given to an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) model
which recognizes the text and gives the License Plate number as output
in the form of Machine encoded text. And it can also be implemented
in real time using a Webcam.

5. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT :
 Motorcycle accidents have been rapidly growing through the years in
many countries. In India more than 37 million people use two
wheelers.
 Therefore , it is necessary to develop a system for automatic detection
of helmet wearing for road safety.
 Therefore, a custom object detection model is created using a machine
learning based algorithm which can detect Motorcycle riders. On the
detection of a helmetless rider, the License plate is extracted and the
license plate number is recognized using an Optical Character
Recognizer. This Application can be implemented in real-time using a
dataset as input.

6. SYSTEM ANALYSIS :
PROPOSED SYSTEM:
 Therefore, by training with a specific dataset, a Helmet detection
model can be implemented. Using this helmet detection model
helmet-less riders can be easily detected.
 Based one the detected classes the license plate of the rider is cropped
out and saved as an image. This image is given to an Optical Character
Recognition (OCR) model which recognizes the text and gives the
License Plate number as output in the form of Machine encoded text.
And it can also be implemented in real time using a Webcam.
 For real-time helmet detection, there is a need for accuracy and speed.
Hence a DNN based model You Only Look Once (YOLO) was chosen.
ADVANTAGE OF PROPOSED SYSTEM:
1. Accuracy is more.

7. EXISTING SYSTEM :
 Over the past years, multiple approaches have been proposed to solve
the problem of helmet detection.
 And they used Support Vector Machines (SVM) to classify helmets and
human heads without helmets.
 They used Hough transform with SVM to detect the head of the
motorcyclist.
 They applied it to detect helmet on the surveillance system. The
drawback of this work is that they only use geometric features to verify
if any safety helmet exists in the set.
 A helmet detection system is used, and the helmet presence verifies
that there is a motorcycle. In order to detect the helmet presence, the
edges are computed on the possible helmet region.
 Disadvantages of existing system :
 Accuracy is less.

8. SYSTEM SPECIFICATION :
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
 System : Pentium IV 2.4 GHz.
 Hard Disk : 40 GB.
 Floppy Drive : 1.44 Mb.
 Monitor : 14’ Colour Monitor.
 Mouse : Optical Mouse.
 Ram : 512 Mb.

9. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
 Operating system : Windows 7 Ultimate.
 Coding Language : Python.
 Front-End : Python.
 Designing : HTML ,CSS , JAVASCRIPT.
 Data Base : MySQL.

10. SYSTEM DESIGN :
UML DIAGRAMS :
Class diagram : Class diagram :
 Helmet detection class diagram
describes the structure of
helmet detection classes their
attributes ,operations , and their
relationships.
 Class diagram represented with
rectangle .
 Classes :
 Helmet detection class
Yolo class
Yolo detection class

11. USECASE DIAGRAM :
 A use case diagram is a graphical
depiction of a use’s possible
interactions with a system . A
use case diagram shows various
use cases and their relationships.
 Use cases :
Upload image
Detect motor bike & persons
Detect helmet
Exit
Actor : User

12. Sequence diagram :
 A sequence diagram simply
depicts interaction between
objects in a sequential order i.e.
the order in which these
interactions take place.
 Sequence diagram represents
objects, life line, flow of control.
 Objects :
User
Upload image
Detect motor bike & persons
Detect helmet
Exit.

13. Collaboration diagram :
 Collaboration diagram is also
known as communication
diagram , is an illustration of the
relationships and interactions
among software objects in the
UML.
 There are three primary
elements of the collaboration
diagram : objects, links and
messages

14. Component diagram :
 The UML component diagram
shows how a software system
will be composed of a set of
deployable components –
dynamic-link library (DLL) files
, executable files , or web
services-that interact through
well- defined interfaces and
which have their internal details
hidden.

15. Deployment diagram :
 In UML deployment diagrams
model the physical architecture
of a system . Deployment
diagrams shows the
relationships between the
software and hardware
components in the system and
the physical distribution of the
processing .

16. Activity diagram :
 In UML , an activity diagram
provides a view of behavior of a
system by describing the
sequence of actions in a process

17. MODULES :
Data set:
 The model was trained on tiny YOLOv3 for 11,000 images on 5 classes for 50,000
iterations. The detections of all the objects classes was obtained with high precision
value and the mean average precision (mAP) reached a constant max value of 75%
hence the training was stopped at 50,000 iterations.
Helmet Detection :
 The annotated images are given as input to YOLOv3 model to train for the custom
classes. The weights generated after training are used to load the model. Once this
is done, an image is given as input. The model detects all the five classes trained.
From this we obtain the information regarding person riding motorbike. If the
person is not wearing a helmet, then we can easily extract the other class
information of the rider. This can be used to extract the license plate.

18. License Plate Extraction
Once the helmetless rider is detected, the associated person class is detected.
This is done by finding whether the coordinates of the no helmet class lie inside
the person class or not. Similarly, the same steps are followed to detect the
associated motorbike and license plate. Once the coordinates of the License
plate are found, it is cropped and saved as a new image.
License Plate Recognition :
The extracted license plate is given to an Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
model. The OCR recognizes text in the given image and outputs the recognized
strings in the machine-encoded text. The OCR module within will output a list of
predicted license plate numbers along with a confidence value. The confidence
value indicates how confident it is in recognizing the given license plate
accurately. Then, the license plate recognized with highest confidence value is
stored in a text file for further use.

19. from tkinter import *
import tkinter
from tkinter import filedialog
import numpy as np
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename
import pandas as pd
from tkinter import simpledialog
import numpy as np
import cv2 as cv
import subprocess
import time
import os
from yoloDetection import detectObject, displayImage
import sys
from time import sleep
from tkinter import messagebox
import pytesseract as tess
from keras.models import model_from_json
from keras.utils.np_utils import to_categorical
main = tkinter.Tk()
main.title("Helmet Detection") #designing main screen
main.geometry("800x700")
global filename
global loaded_model
global class_labels
global cnn_model
global cnn_layer_names

20. frame_count = 0
frame_count_out=0
confThreshold = 0.5
nmsThreshold = 0.4
inpWidth = 416
inpHeight = 416
global option
labels_value = []
with open("Models/labels.txt", "r") as file: #reading MRC dictionary
for line in file:
line = line.strip('n')
line = line.strip()
labels_value.append(line)
file.close()
with open('Models/model.json', "r") as json_file:
loaded_model_json = json_file.read()
plate_detecter = model_from_json(loaded_model_json)
plate_detecter.load_weights("Models/model_weights.h5")
plate_detecter._make_predict_function()
classesFile = "Models/obj.names";
classes = None

21. with open(classesFile, 'rt') as f:
classes = f.read().rstrip('n').split('n')
modelConfiguration = "Models/yolov3-obj.cfg";
modelWeights = "Models/yolov3-obj_2400.weights";
net = cv.dnn.readNetFromDarknet(modelConfiguration, modelWeights)
net.setPreferableBackend(cv.dnn.DNN_BACKEND_OPENCV)
net.setPreferableTarget(cv.dnn.DNN_TARGET_CPU)
def getOutputsNames(net):
layersNames = net.getLayerNames()
return [layersNames[i[0] - 1] for i in net.getUnconnectedOutLayers()]
def loadLibraries(): #function to load yolov3 model weight and class labels
global class_labels
global cnn_model
global cnn_layer_names
class_labels = open('yolov3model/yolov3-labels').read().strip().split('n') #reading labels from yolov3 model
print(str(class_labels)+" == "+str(len(class_labels)))
cnn_model = cv.dnn.readNetFromDarknet('yolov3model/yolov3.cfg', 'yolov3model/yolov3.weights') #reading
model
cnn_layer_names = cnn_model.getLayerNames() #getting layers from cnn model
cnn_layer_names = [cnn_layer_names[i[0] - 1] for i in cnn_model.getUnconnectedOutLayers()] #assigning all
layers
def upload(): #function to upload tweeter profile
global filename
filename = filedialog.askopenfilename(initialdir="bikes")

22. OUT PUT SCREENS:
In this project we have built CNN model to detect HELMETS and number plates
from 25 different images and we can detect more images but we don’t have sufficient
dataset to train CNN model so our application can detect presence of helmet from
25 different images and if helmet not present then it will identify number plate and
if helmet detected then it will not identify number plate.
To run project double click on ‘run.bat’ file to get below screen

23. In above screen click on ‘Upload Image’ button to upload image

24. In above screen selecting and uploading ‘6.jpg’ file and then click on ‘Open’ button to
load image and then click on ‘Detect Motor Bike & Person’ button to detect whether
image contains person with bike or not

25. In above screen if person with bike detected then it put bounding box and then
click on ‘Detect Helmet’ button to get below output

26. In above screen we can see helmet not detected and then application identify number
plate and display on the text area as ‘AP13Q 8815’. Now try with other image by
uploading it

27. In above screen selecting and uploading ‘h3.jpg’ file and then click on ‘Open’
button then click on ‘Detect Motor Bike & Person’ button to get below result

28. In above screen person with motor bike detected and now close above image
and then click on ‘Detect Helmet’ button to get below result

29. In above screen application detected helmet with helmet matching score as
0.90%. Similarly you can upload other images and test
CONCLUSION :
From the results shown above it is evident that the YOLO object detection is
well suited for real-time processing and was able to accurately classify and
localize all the object classes. The proposed end-to-end model was developed
successfully and has all the capabilities to be automated and deployed for
monitoring. For extracting the number plates some techniques are employed
by considering different cases such as multiple riders without helmets and
designed to handle most of the cases. All the libraries and software used in
our project are open source and hence is very flexible and cost efficient. The
project was mainly built to solve the problem of non-efficient traffic
management. Hence at the end of it we can say that if deployed by any traffic
management departments, it would make their job easier and more efficient.

30. THANK YOU