Berikut penyelesaian soalnya:
- Sisi plat (a) = 0.6 m
- Jarak antar plat (y) = 12.5 mm = 0.0125 m
- Kecepatan plat atas (v) = 2.5 m/d
- Gaya yang dibutuhkan (F) = 100 N
- Rapat relatif oli (S) = 0.95
- Tegangan geser (τ) = F/A = 100 N / (0.6 x 0.6) m2 = 100 N/0.36 m2 = 277.78 N/m2
- τ = μ (
This document presents a paper on aircraft hydraulic systems. It describes the basic components and operation of hydraulic systems used in aircraft, including hydraulic pumps, valves, actuators, and other components. It provides examples of typical hydraulic systems for Boeing and Airbus aircraft. It then discusses various parameters of aircraft hydraulic systems such as hydraulic fluid, pressure, temperature, and flow rate. Finally, it outlines the testing process for aircraft hydraulic systems.
Interested in being a professional Aviation Maintenance Technician? All you got to do is to enroll here now! http://www.metrotech.edu/course-programs/transportation-distribution-logistics/aviation-maintenance-technician
A jet engine works by compressing air from its intake with a fan, mixing this compressed air with fuel, combusting the air-fuel mixture, and expelling the hot combustion gases through a nozzle to generate thrust. The main stages of operation are intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust. Different types of jet engines include turbofans, turbojets, ramjets, and pulsejets. Jet engines make use of the compressibility of air to generate thrust by accelerating air and expelling it at high speeds from the rear of the engine.
The document discusses aircraft hydraulic systems. It describes how a basic hydraulic system works by using valves and pistons to move control surfaces. It then notes that hydraulic systems are used for flight control and moving structures like flaps, landing gear, and weapons bays by providing extra force. The document lists common hydraulic fluid specifications and pressure ranges. It identifies problems with hydraulic systems like their weight, maintenance costs, and space requirements. Finally, it discusses potential improvements like electric actuators and electro-mechanical actuators that could address these issues.
This document provides an overview of hydraulic systems used in aircraft. It describes how hydraulic systems use incompressible liquids and pumps to transmit energy and power various aircraft components. It then lists some common uses of hydraulic systems in aircraft, such as for gun turrets, auto pilots, shock absorption, brakes, doors and landing gear. The document proceeds to explain the basic principles and components of hydraulic systems, including reservoirs, accumulators, filters, pumps, valves and actuating cylinders.
Berikut penyelesaian soalnya:
- Sisi plat (a) = 0.6 m
- Jarak antar plat (y) = 12.5 mm = 0.0125 m
- Kecepatan plat atas (v) = 2.5 m/d
- Gaya yang dibutuhkan (F) = 100 N
- Rapat relatif oli (S) = 0.95
- Tegangan geser (τ) = F/A = 100 N / (0.6 x 0.6) m2 = 100 N/0.36 m2 = 277.78 N/m2
- τ = μ (
This document presents a paper on aircraft hydraulic systems. It describes the basic components and operation of hydraulic systems used in aircraft, including hydraulic pumps, valves, actuators, and other components. It provides examples of typical hydraulic systems for Boeing and Airbus aircraft. It then discusses various parameters of aircraft hydraulic systems such as hydraulic fluid, pressure, temperature, and flow rate. Finally, it outlines the testing process for aircraft hydraulic systems.
Interested in being a professional Aviation Maintenance Technician? All you got to do is to enroll here now! http://www.metrotech.edu/course-programs/transportation-distribution-logistics/aviation-maintenance-technician
A jet engine works by compressing air from its intake with a fan, mixing this compressed air with fuel, combusting the air-fuel mixture, and expelling the hot combustion gases through a nozzle to generate thrust. The main stages of operation are intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust. Different types of jet engines include turbofans, turbojets, ramjets, and pulsejets. Jet engines make use of the compressibility of air to generate thrust by accelerating air and expelling it at high speeds from the rear of the engine.
The document discusses aircraft hydraulic systems. It describes how a basic hydraulic system works by using valves and pistons to move control surfaces. It then notes that hydraulic systems are used for flight control and moving structures like flaps, landing gear, and weapons bays by providing extra force. The document lists common hydraulic fluid specifications and pressure ranges. It identifies problems with hydraulic systems like their weight, maintenance costs, and space requirements. Finally, it discusses potential improvements like electric actuators and electro-mechanical actuators that could address these issues.
This document provides an overview of hydraulic systems used in aircraft. It describes how hydraulic systems use incompressible liquids and pumps to transmit energy and power various aircraft components. It then lists some common uses of hydraulic systems in aircraft, such as for gun turrets, auto pilots, shock absorption, brakes, doors and landing gear. The document proceeds to explain the basic principles and components of hydraulic systems, including reservoirs, accumulators, filters, pumps, valves and actuating cylinders.
This document discusses aircraft pneumatic systems. It describes how pneumatic systems power instruments, landing gear, flaps and other aircraft components. It outlines the key components of pneumatic systems including air pumps, filters, regulators and gauges. It emphasizes the importance of detecting failures early to prevent spatial disorientation. It recommends having backup power sources and practicing partial panel flying to prepare for potential pneumatic system failures.
Devices operated by hydraulic system in aircraft Mal Mai
This document provides information about hydraulic systems used in aircraft. It discusses how hydraulic systems are used in aircraft to operate primary and secondary flight controls as well as other aircraft systems. It provides examples of hydraulic systems in different types of aircraft including single-engine, military, and commercial aircraft like the Diamond DA-40, F-22, and Boeing 737. It describes the specific hydraulic components, fluids, and pumps used for different aircraft systems and parts like the landing gear, brakes, doors, and flight controls.
The pneumatic system provides compressed air for aircraft functions like air conditioning, engine starting, and anti-ice systems. It obtains air from the engine bleed ports and controls the air pressure, temperature, and cleanliness. Leak detection loops monitor the hot air ducts and can isolate leaks by closing valves. The pneumatic system is controlled and monitored via panels and ECAM displays.
Landing gear Failure analysis of an aircraftRohit Katarya
The document analyzes potential failures of aircraft landing gear components. It discusses the main eight components of landing gear, including locks, retraction systems, brakes, wheels, and struts. Failure mechanisms like fatigue cracking, stress corrosion cracking, and dynamic failure during landing are examined. The materials used for landing gear like high-strength steels, titanium, aluminum, and magnesium alloys are also summarized. Non-destructive testing and new techniques for early fatigue detection are reviewed as ways to improve landing gear safety and maintenance.
This chapter discusses aircraft structures including the fuselage, wings, and stabilizing surfaces. It describes the various loads they must withstand like lift, drag, inertia, and landing impacts. Fuselages are typically built using a framework, monocoque, or semi-monocoque construction. Wings are usually cantilever designs made of metal spars and ribs. Stabilizing surfaces like the horizontal and vertical stabilizers experience control surface flutter at high speeds that must be addressed. A variety of materials are used like aluminum alloys, steel, titanium, and composites which must withstand corrosion.
The document summarizes the hydraulic systems on a Boeing 737 NG, including:
- There are three hydraulic systems - A, B, and a standby system that acts as backup if the other systems lose pressure.
- Systems A and B each have an engine-driven pump and electric pump, while the standby only has an electric pump.
- The systems power various flight controls and other aircraft components. The standby system can power the rudder, thrust reversers, and leading edge flaps if needed.
- The document describes components, indications, and manual or automatic activation methods for the standby system in the event of issues with systems A or B.
The document discusses the different types and components of aircraft landing gears. It describes the three main types as tail dragger, bicycle, and tricycle landing gears. It then explains the key components of landing gears which include shock absorbers, extraction/retraction mechanisms, wheels, tires, struts, and brakes. The document provides details on how each component works and its purpose in supporting the aircraft during landing and taxiing. It also briefly discusses belly landings during emergencies and some historical crashes related to landing gear issues.
It is a system where liquid under pressure is used to transmit this energy. Hydraulics systems take engine power and converts it to hydraulic power by means of a hydraulic pump. This power can be distributed throughout the airplane by means of tubing that runs through the aircraft. Hydraulic power may be reconverted to mechanical power by means of an actuating cylinder, or turbine.
The aircraft landing gear market is experiencing an advanced rate of growth over the past few years due to the increasing demand for aircraft across the globe. This high scale of growth in the landing gear industry is subsequently influencing the market, wherein a new range of program is being carried out to develop a lightweight and cost-effective landing gear system.
The document discusses aircraft landing gear, including:
1) The main functions of landing gear such as supporting the aircraft's weight and absorbing landing shocks.
2) The basic types of landing gear including fixed, retractable, and types based on arrangement like single, double, and tandem.
3) Key components of landing gear like shock struts, torque links, and the various actuators, links, and mechanisms involved.
study of jet engines & how they works
1.History of jet engine 2. Introduction 3. Parts of jet engine 4. How a get engine works 5. Types of jet engine (i) Ramjet (ii) Turbojet (iii) Turbofan (iv) Turboprop (v) Turbo shaft 6.Comparison of Turbo Jet 7.Jet engines Vs Rockets 8.Difficulties 9.Suggestion for improvement 10. Merit and Demerits 11. Jet engine uses 12.Conclusion 13.Future vision
Hydraulics and pneumatics systems are used in aircraft to transmit power and motion efficiently. Hydraulic systems use confined liquids to multiply force, while pneumatic systems use compressed air. Pascal's law states that pressure in a confined incompressible fluid transmits equally in all directions. Hydraulic systems have advantages like weight savings and unlimited force development that make them ideal for aircraft applications like flight controls. Pneumatic systems provide a reserve power source but lack the accuracy and response of hydraulics due to air compressibility.
Hydraulics today has become a way of life as most applications have some form of system ingrained. This paper is an endevor to present the very basics of hydraulics and overcome its basic fear.
The document discusses the design of magnetic sail (magsail) systems for spacecraft propulsion. It describes a proposed demonstrator magsail with a 200m radius and 25.7kg mass, and an operational magsail with 20,000m radius and 7,060 metric tonne mass. The operational design could accelerate at 0.003185 m/s^2 and deliver over 100,000kg payloads to Mars or Saturn. Future advances in superconductors could enable magsails to deliver payloads of over 400,000kg to Jupiter and millions of kilograms to the outer planets.
I. X-ray astronomy will play an increasingly important role in studies of the early universe and large scale structure, but these studies are ultimately limited by sparse photon numbers. There is a need to develop progressively larger collecting area telescopes under increasingly severe mass constraints.
II. The challenge is greater in the X-ray band than optical, as X-ray telescopes reflect X-rays twice, requiring reflectors two orders of magnitude larger than the effective aperture. Large mass is currently problematic for Constellation-X mission.
III. Looking beyond Constellation, a radically different approach is needed based on super lightweight reflectors and perhaps in situ assembly of the telescope. This could enable an ultra high throughput X-
This document discusses the concept of an X-ray interferometer called MAXIM that could achieve micro-arcsecond resolution. It would consist of an optics spacecraft holding multiple flat mirrors in formation with a detector spacecraft to form interference patterns. The goal is to image phenomena like black hole accretion disks and supernovae with much higher resolution than current telescopes. A pathfinder mission is proposed with 100 microarcsecond resolution using two spacecraft separated by 1.4 meters as a technology demonstration.
USAF intercepted a report of a Cuban pilot's encounter with a UFO. In the 1970s, reliable military personnel sighted unidentified aerial objects near nuclear weapons facilities. Though the Air Force said these were isolated incidents, an Air Force document revealed they implemented increased security measures. Newly declassified documents from the CIA, FBI and other agencies indicate unidentified flying objects exist and some pose a threat to national security by demonstrating technologies beyond present human capability. However, the government has misled the public about the true nature and implications of the UFO phenomenon.
This document summarizes the agenda for the NIAC Phase I Fellows Meeting held on October 23-24, 2002. It provides an overview of the presentations and speakers, including status reports on various advanced aerospace concepts from NIAC fellows, as well as keynote speeches from experts in the fields of aerial robotics and the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
The document discusses the possibility of controlling global weather through small, precise perturbations to the atmosphere. It describes how the chaotic nature of the atmosphere implies sensitivity to small changes and suggests a series of small perturbations may control weather evolution. It outlines components a global weather control system may have, including advanced numerical weather prediction, satellite sensing, and methods to introduce perturbations. It also presents an experiment using data assimilation to calculate perturbations needed to slightly alter a hurricane's track as a proof of concept.
The document discusses observations of various amphibian and reptile species' behavior in microgravity during a flight experiment. It was found that none of the animals vomited, possibly because they did not eat before the flight or because amphibians and reptiles have a weaker vomiting response than mammals. Different species reacted variably based on their ecology and phylogeny. Flexible limbed lizards tended to roll more, while geckos commonly displayed a "skydiving posture" related to their arboreal ancestry. Overall reactions to microgravity varied significantly between species based on both ecology and evolutionary history.
This document discusses aircraft pneumatic systems. It describes how pneumatic systems power instruments, landing gear, flaps and other aircraft components. It outlines the key components of pneumatic systems including air pumps, filters, regulators and gauges. It emphasizes the importance of detecting failures early to prevent spatial disorientation. It recommends having backup power sources and practicing partial panel flying to prepare for potential pneumatic system failures.
Devices operated by hydraulic system in aircraft Mal Mai
This document provides information about hydraulic systems used in aircraft. It discusses how hydraulic systems are used in aircraft to operate primary and secondary flight controls as well as other aircraft systems. It provides examples of hydraulic systems in different types of aircraft including single-engine, military, and commercial aircraft like the Diamond DA-40, F-22, and Boeing 737. It describes the specific hydraulic components, fluids, and pumps used for different aircraft systems and parts like the landing gear, brakes, doors, and flight controls.
The pneumatic system provides compressed air for aircraft functions like air conditioning, engine starting, and anti-ice systems. It obtains air from the engine bleed ports and controls the air pressure, temperature, and cleanliness. Leak detection loops monitor the hot air ducts and can isolate leaks by closing valves. The pneumatic system is controlled and monitored via panels and ECAM displays.
Landing gear Failure analysis of an aircraftRohit Katarya
The document analyzes potential failures of aircraft landing gear components. It discusses the main eight components of landing gear, including locks, retraction systems, brakes, wheels, and struts. Failure mechanisms like fatigue cracking, stress corrosion cracking, and dynamic failure during landing are examined. The materials used for landing gear like high-strength steels, titanium, aluminum, and magnesium alloys are also summarized. Non-destructive testing and new techniques for early fatigue detection are reviewed as ways to improve landing gear safety and maintenance.
This chapter discusses aircraft structures including the fuselage, wings, and stabilizing surfaces. It describes the various loads they must withstand like lift, drag, inertia, and landing impacts. Fuselages are typically built using a framework, monocoque, or semi-monocoque construction. Wings are usually cantilever designs made of metal spars and ribs. Stabilizing surfaces like the horizontal and vertical stabilizers experience control surface flutter at high speeds that must be addressed. A variety of materials are used like aluminum alloys, steel, titanium, and composites which must withstand corrosion.
The document summarizes the hydraulic systems on a Boeing 737 NG, including:
- There are three hydraulic systems - A, B, and a standby system that acts as backup if the other systems lose pressure.
- Systems A and B each have an engine-driven pump and electric pump, while the standby only has an electric pump.
- The systems power various flight controls and other aircraft components. The standby system can power the rudder, thrust reversers, and leading edge flaps if needed.
- The document describes components, indications, and manual or automatic activation methods for the standby system in the event of issues with systems A or B.
The document discusses the different types and components of aircraft landing gears. It describes the three main types as tail dragger, bicycle, and tricycle landing gears. It then explains the key components of landing gears which include shock absorbers, extraction/retraction mechanisms, wheels, tires, struts, and brakes. The document provides details on how each component works and its purpose in supporting the aircraft during landing and taxiing. It also briefly discusses belly landings during emergencies and some historical crashes related to landing gear issues.
It is a system where liquid under pressure is used to transmit this energy. Hydraulics systems take engine power and converts it to hydraulic power by means of a hydraulic pump. This power can be distributed throughout the airplane by means of tubing that runs through the aircraft. Hydraulic power may be reconverted to mechanical power by means of an actuating cylinder, or turbine.
The aircraft landing gear market is experiencing an advanced rate of growth over the past few years due to the increasing demand for aircraft across the globe. This high scale of growth in the landing gear industry is subsequently influencing the market, wherein a new range of program is being carried out to develop a lightweight and cost-effective landing gear system.
The document discusses aircraft landing gear, including:
1) The main functions of landing gear such as supporting the aircraft's weight and absorbing landing shocks.
2) The basic types of landing gear including fixed, retractable, and types based on arrangement like single, double, and tandem.
3) Key components of landing gear like shock struts, torque links, and the various actuators, links, and mechanisms involved.
study of jet engines & how they works
1.History of jet engine 2. Introduction 3. Parts of jet engine 4. How a get engine works 5. Types of jet engine (i) Ramjet (ii) Turbojet (iii) Turbofan (iv) Turboprop (v) Turbo shaft 6.Comparison of Turbo Jet 7.Jet engines Vs Rockets 8.Difficulties 9.Suggestion for improvement 10. Merit and Demerits 11. Jet engine uses 12.Conclusion 13.Future vision
Hydraulics and pneumatics systems are used in aircraft to transmit power and motion efficiently. Hydraulic systems use confined liquids to multiply force, while pneumatic systems use compressed air. Pascal's law states that pressure in a confined incompressible fluid transmits equally in all directions. Hydraulic systems have advantages like weight savings and unlimited force development that make them ideal for aircraft applications like flight controls. Pneumatic systems provide a reserve power source but lack the accuracy and response of hydraulics due to air compressibility.
Hydraulics today has become a way of life as most applications have some form of system ingrained. This paper is an endevor to present the very basics of hydraulics and overcome its basic fear.
The document discusses the design of magnetic sail (magsail) systems for spacecraft propulsion. It describes a proposed demonstrator magsail with a 200m radius and 25.7kg mass, and an operational magsail with 20,000m radius and 7,060 metric tonne mass. The operational design could accelerate at 0.003185 m/s^2 and deliver over 100,000kg payloads to Mars or Saturn. Future advances in superconductors could enable magsails to deliver payloads of over 400,000kg to Jupiter and millions of kilograms to the outer planets.
I. X-ray astronomy will play an increasingly important role in studies of the early universe and large scale structure, but these studies are ultimately limited by sparse photon numbers. There is a need to develop progressively larger collecting area telescopes under increasingly severe mass constraints.
II. The challenge is greater in the X-ray band than optical, as X-ray telescopes reflect X-rays twice, requiring reflectors two orders of magnitude larger than the effective aperture. Large mass is currently problematic for Constellation-X mission.
III. Looking beyond Constellation, a radically different approach is needed based on super lightweight reflectors and perhaps in situ assembly of the telescope. This could enable an ultra high throughput X-
This document discusses the concept of an X-ray interferometer called MAXIM that could achieve micro-arcsecond resolution. It would consist of an optics spacecraft holding multiple flat mirrors in formation with a detector spacecraft to form interference patterns. The goal is to image phenomena like black hole accretion disks and supernovae with much higher resolution than current telescopes. A pathfinder mission is proposed with 100 microarcsecond resolution using two spacecraft separated by 1.4 meters as a technology demonstration.
USAF intercepted a report of a Cuban pilot's encounter with a UFO. In the 1970s, reliable military personnel sighted unidentified aerial objects near nuclear weapons facilities. Though the Air Force said these were isolated incidents, an Air Force document revealed they implemented increased security measures. Newly declassified documents from the CIA, FBI and other agencies indicate unidentified flying objects exist and some pose a threat to national security by demonstrating technologies beyond present human capability. However, the government has misled the public about the true nature and implications of the UFO phenomenon.
This document summarizes the agenda for the NIAC Phase I Fellows Meeting held on October 23-24, 2002. It provides an overview of the presentations and speakers, including status reports on various advanced aerospace concepts from NIAC fellows, as well as keynote speeches from experts in the fields of aerial robotics and the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
The document discusses the possibility of controlling global weather through small, precise perturbations to the atmosphere. It describes how the chaotic nature of the atmosphere implies sensitivity to small changes and suggests a series of small perturbations may control weather evolution. It outlines components a global weather control system may have, including advanced numerical weather prediction, satellite sensing, and methods to introduce perturbations. It also presents an experiment using data assimilation to calculate perturbations needed to slightly alter a hurricane's track as a proof of concept.
The document discusses observations of various amphibian and reptile species' behavior in microgravity during a flight experiment. It was found that none of the animals vomited, possibly because they did not eat before the flight or because amphibians and reptiles have a weaker vomiting response than mammals. Different species reacted variably based on their ecology and phylogeny. Flexible limbed lizards tended to roll more, while geckos commonly displayed a "skydiving posture" related to their arboreal ancestry. Overall reactions to microgravity varied significantly between species based on both ecology and evolutionary history.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise has also been shown to boost self-esteem and can serve as a healthy way to manage stress.
This document describes an operational analysis conducted as part of the Air Force 2025 study to identify
high-value future air and space system concepts and their enabling technologies. A value model called
Foundations 2025 was developed to quantify and compare different system concepts. Various futuristic
systems and technologies were identified, described, and scored using the model. The analysis determined
the most valuable system concepts and technologies that could enhance future air and space capabilities.
This document discusses a research paper presented to Air Force 2025 that argues the US Air Force should transition from being an atmospheric force to an infospheric force focused on controlling information and the battlespace. It proposes three new missions for the Air Force in the 21st century: extended information dominance to empower allies, global transparency to deter potential adversaries, and strategic defense. The paper advocates for the Air Force to develop a "metasystem" to integrate information and capabilities from all services and envisions the Air Force guiding the development and maintenance of this system.
This document summarizes potential paths to the extinction of the US Air Force by 2025. Externally, extinction could occur through the ascendancy of other military services, economic constraints, changes in strategic environment/policy, technological changes, or the rise of jointness. Internally, extinction could result from losing its vision/mission, mismanaging people/programs, choosing wrong future paths, being too effective at strategic war, or failing to adapt. The document argues the USAF risks becoming extinct unless it reverses trends threatening its viability and ability to evolve appropriately on external and internal challenges.
This document presents a research paper on Planetary Defense, which proposes establishing a system to protect Earth from catastrophic impacts by asteroids and comets. It discusses the threat posed by near-Earth objects, the social, economic and political implications of impacts, and recommends developing a three-tiered Planetary Defense System. The system would include detection subsystems to find threats, command and control systems, and mitigation subsystems to deflect objects, including kinetic impactors, mass drivers, solar sails and nuclear devices. It argues such a system could help ensure humanity's survival and have dual-use benefits from related technologies.
This document presents a research paper on space operations and a potential future system called the Global Area Strike System (GASS). It discusses issues around space operations in 2025, including manned vs unmanned systems and military vs cooperative operations. It then outlines the required capabilities for GASS, including timeliness, responsiveness, flexibility, and precision. It proposes an integrated system-of-systems for GASS using various weapon platforms and classes, including directed energy weapons, projectile weapons, and a transatmospheric vehicle. It concludes with concept of operations and recommendations.
This document provides a historical overview of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and their use by various militaries. It discusses early UAV development in the 1950s-1960s for reconnaissance and weapons delivery missions. During the Vietnam War, UAVs conducted thousands of reconnaissance missions with a high recovery rate. Experimental armed UAVs were also tested. Later, UAVs were used effectively by Israel in the 1970s-1980s and by the US during the Gulf War for reconnaissance. Following the Gulf War, the US began developing longer endurance UAVs like the Predator and Global Hawk to address reconnaissance needs. The document suggests expanding UAVs' role beyond reconnaissance to include lethal strike missions.
This document proposes an integrated hypersonic weapons platform called the S3 concept to fulfill three broad missions for US air and space forces in 2025: deliver decisive early blows, provide cost-effective in-theater dominance, and maintain access to space. The S3 concept involves three vehicles: the SHAAFT hypersonic attack aircraft, the SHMAC standoff hypersonic missile, and the SCREMAR reusable spaceplane. The SHAAFT would use a zero-stage flying wing to stage to Mach 3.5 and then cruise at Mach 12, able to launch the SHMAC missile or SCREMAR spaceplane. Together these vehicles aim to provide global reach, in-theater dominance, and access to space with
This document summarizes a research paper presented to Air Force 2025 that outlines special operations forces capabilities needed to conduct precision operations against weapons of mass destruction, high-value targets, and assets in the hypothetical world of 2025. The paper identifies communications, mobility, and destruction/neutralization as the top three enabling capabilities required for these missions. It then proposes various futuristic technologies that could fulfill requirements for these capabilities by 2025, such as stealth airlifters, extraction rockets, and targeting systems, to allow special operations forces to accomplish their missions with zero tolerance for error.
This document proposes a concept for Special Operations Regional Engagement (SORE) forces in 2025. The core capability of SORE forces would be engaging in less developed, first- and second-wave nations while not disrupting their evolution. SORE forces would exploit third-wave technology to operate effectively in these environments without introducing advanced technology prematurely. The proposed concept of operations involves SORE forces conducting defensive and offensive operations like training, advising, and assisting host nations. To enable these operations, the document outlines key tasks for SORE forces including recruitment, training, observation, communication, decision-making, countermeasures, and sustainment. It argues that SORE forces will need systems and technologies to complete these tasks while
This document proposes concepts and technologies for counterspace operations in 2025, including space detection, anti-satellite weapons, space interdiction nets, miniaturized satellites, satellite cloaking, kinetic and directed energy weapons. It outlines offensive and defensive counterspace architectures and recommends further analysis of miniaturization, stealth, detection and targeting concepts as well as kinetic and directed energy weapons. The goal is to maintain US space superiority as space becomes increasingly vital to national security and more countries and commercial entities access space.