This is a presentation on the community Aninangya in Ghana.A detail profile of the settlement.

1. PRESENTED BY: GROUP 4
MEMBERS
NELSON N-YANBINI NYABANYI
DANIEL AGYEI OFORI
MARTHA ASARE GYAMFI
ANTHONY SARFO KWABENA
1
PRESENTED BY GROUP 4
NELSON N-YANBINI NYABANYI
DANIEL OFORI AGYEI
ANTHONY SARFO KWABENA
MARTHA ASARE GYAMFI

2. PARTICIPATORY LAND USE
PLANNING IN RURAL
COMMUNITIES
(ANINANGYA)
THEME

3. OBJECTIVES
To acquire the needed skills in assessing the adequacy of the
internal layouts of rural communities.
To become exposed to the nature and extent of problems in our
study area.
To enhance our understanding and ability to identify local
goals from existing developmental problems and priorities.
To help us prepare spatial and socio-economic plans to manage
the growth and development of our study area.
4

4. METHODOLOGY
Introductory lecture
Literature review
Questionnaire and base map preparation
Physical Survey (Map updating, Building Classification, problem
identification, Infrastructure Survey)
Socio-economic Survey (administration of questionnaires)
Analysis of data needs assessment

5. SAMPLING TECHNIQUE EMPLOYED
•The Systematic Sampling technique was used for this
survey.
•By this method, the Kth house= sample frame/ sample
size. Where ,Sample frame is the total number of
elements in the study area.
Sample size is also the selected elements upon which our
analysis is based. It is equal to the number of
questionnaires administered. Therefore,
93
30
=3.1
•After the first house was chosen by simple random
sample, the other houses were chosen with intervals of
three.
6

6. PLANNING PROCESS
7

7. SURVEY AND
PROBLEM
IDENTIFICATION
ANALYSIS OF DATA
COLLECTED
NEEDS ASSESSEMENT
GOALS AND
OBJECTIVES
STRUCTURE &
LOCAL PLAN
PREPARATION
PLAN
IMPLEMENTATION
MONITORING AND
EVALUATION
PLAN REVIEW AND
REPLANNING
Source: Chadwick,1971 8

8. 9

9. 10

10. 11
PROFILE OF ANINANGYA

11. 12

12. 13

13. 14
FUNCTIONAL INTERRELATIONSHIP
COMMERCIAL
EDUCATIONAL EJISU
14
WORASO
Source: Field Survey-2014 Not Drawn To Scale
ANINANGYA
BODOMASE
KUMAWU
AGRICULTURE
CIVIC AND CULTURE
HEALTH
LEGEND

14. 15

15. 16
BODOMASE
OLD
ANINANGYA
REASONS FOR MOVEMENT
Demand for agricultural land
The need for convenience
REASONS FOR MOVEMENT
Settlement erosion
Steep slopes
SETLEMENT MORPHOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT
1614
1627
2014

16. 17

17. 18

18. LAND USE INVENTORY
LAND USE BASE (2006) UPDATED
(2014)
PERCENTAGE
CHANGE (%)
REMARKS
Residential 11.6 Acres 32.3Acres 64. 1 caused by population increase
Educational 0.2 Acres 0.75 Acres 73.3 more schools to cater for children’s
educational needs
Civic & Culture 0.1 Acres 0.06 Acres 83.3 religious importance and
establishment of churches
Undeveloped
Area
18.1 Acres 36.1 Acres 46.9 Caused by population increase
Commercial 0.02Acres 0.13 Acres 84.6 To provide basic household needs
(corner shops)
Sanitation 0.06Acres 0.23 Acres 17 To prevent outbreak of diseases and
keep the community tidy.
Open space 1.3Acres 0.3Acres -76.9 increased population and households
Total Land Area 31.4 Acres 69.6 Acres
19
Source: Field Survey-2014

19. 20
HOUSING

20. 21
CRITERIA 1st CLASS 2nd CLASS 3rd CLASS DELAPIDATED
WALLS Plastered and
painted
Few cracks Not painted
or plastered
with cracks
Not painted nor
plastered
FOUNDATION unexposed Unexposed exposed exposed
FACILITIES Availability of
housing facilities
Availability
of housing
facilities
Unavailabili
ty of
housing
facilities
No facility
ROOFING Good condition Not leaking Leaking
roofs
Leaking roofs
ENVIRONMENT Well kept
environment
Neat
surroundings
Untidy untidy

21. 22

22. TYPE OF HOUSE
TOTALDETACHED COMPOUND
APARTMENT/
STOREY
AGES OF
HOUSES
11-20 yrs 2 0 0 2
21-30 yrs 4 4 1 9
31-40 yrs 3 7 0 10
above 40 4 6 0 10
Total 13 17 1 31
23Source: Field Survey-2014

23. 24
58%
42%
aluminium iron
ROOFING MATERIALS
45
48
7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
sandcrete landcrete others
Building Materials
TYPE OF BUILDING MATERIALS
PERCENTAGES(100)

24. 25

25. HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION ANINANGYA KUMAWU DISTRICT
Total number of houses 93 _
The average household size 4.2 4.5
The average household per
house
2.5 1.6
Average number of persons per
room
2.1 _
Average number of habitable
rooms
3.5 _
Number of habitable rooms
occupied s
3.1 _
Number of persons per house 10.5 7.2
26

26. POPULATION GROWTHTREND
27Source: GSS, 2000, Field Survey-2014
-0.1
-0.05
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
1960 1980 2000 2020
YEARS
RATES
272
99
920
620 645
1970 1984 2000 2010 2014
Population Growth
P
O
P
U
L
A
T
I
O
N
YEAR
Growth Trend

27. DETAILED AGE-SEX STRUCTURE
28
Source: Field Survey-2014
ANINANGYA TIMATE

28. 29
COMPRESSED AGE – SEX STRUCTURE
Age dependency ratio=
age < 15 + age > 65
𝑎𝑔𝑒 15−65
Age dependency ratio= 1: 0.7
Economic dependency ratio=
dependents
𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
= 1: 1.2
SEX RATIO: 0.9:1

29. 30
71
39
10
7
1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
married single widowed divorced consensual
MARITAL STATUS
FREQUENCY
STATUS

30. 31
NEVER PRIMARY JHS SHS
25
30.4
39
6.4
EDUCATIONAL
BACKGROUND
sex KG/
Nursery
Primary JHS Total
Male 23 57 37 117
Female 19 52 24 95
Total 42 109 61 212
Majority of the people (39%)
attended education up to the
basic school level.
• Illiteracy rate =
46
141
∗ 100
=32.6%
NAME METHODIST BASIC
SCHOOL
TEACHER – PUPIL RATIO 1: 14
DROPOUT RATE 0.9% in 2013
CLASSROOMS 11
DESKS 221

31. Source: Field Survey-2014
RELIGION AND ETHNICITY
TRIBE RELIGION TOTAL
CHRISTIAN TRADITIONALIST
ASHANTI 184 1 185
OTHER
AKAN
1 0 1
EWE 1 0 1
TOTAL 186 1 187
34

32. 33
HEALTH

33. HEALTH
There is no health facility in Aninangya, however they depend on the health
Centre at Woraso. There are 14 workers in the facility. Nurse-patient ratio =
1:29
TOP FIVE DISEASES RECORDED FORTHE LASTTHREE MONTHS
34
Disease Average nº of
reported cases per
month
Rank
Malaria 100 1
Respiratory disease 82 2
Stomach disorder 80 3
Fever 60 4
Anaemia 50 5

34. 35
WATER AND SANITATION

35. WASTE DISPOSAL
MODE OF SOLID
WASTE DISPOSAL FREQUENCY PERCENTAGES
BURNING
1 3.2
DUMPSITE 29 93.5
INDISCRIMINATE
DUMPING
1 3.2
36
MODE OF LIQUID
WASTE DISPOSAL
KITCHEN
Total
Soak away Open surface Drains
BATH
ROOM
Soak away 2 9 0 11
Open surface 0 11 0 11
Drains 0 7 2 9
Total 2 27 2 31

36. LIGHTING
61%
3%
36%
ELECTRICITY
CANDLE
TORCH
37Source: Field Survey-2014
PERCENTAGES
SOURCE
COOKING
16.0
78.0
6
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
CHARCOAL FIREWOOD GAS
IMPLICATIONS
• As peasant farmers, amount spent
on electricity will negatively affect
their income.
IMPLICATIONS
• Considering the high number of people
depending on firewood as their energy
source for cooking, there is likely to be
deforestation.

37. 38

38. 39
LOCAL ECONOMY
OF ANINANGYA

39. 40
Income Expenditure %
Salary 240.40 Food 18.00 5.9
Remittances 40.22 Clothing 36.90 12.1
Education 85.40 27.9
Health 18.20 6.0
Water - -
Energy 54.30 17.8
Transportation 40.15 13.2
Funeral 35.95 11.8
Communication 16.90 5.3
Total 280.62 Total 305.08 100
Income and expenditure of Aninangya

40. Employment and occupation
41
This implies that there will be
pressure on the working population
which is 46% as against 54%
unemployed.
Source: Field Survey-2014
54% of the working population are
agricultural producers, mainly crop farming.
Sales, services, artisan and pensioners
constitute 46%.
This implies that our policies should be
directed towards improving agricultural
production but not neglecting other sectors.
Agric Sales Services Artisan Pensioner
54
18
13
8 7
OCCUPATION
54%46%
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
EMPLOYED
UNEMPLOYED

41. AGRICULTURE
42
• The average distance to the farm from the house is about 500-
800 meters
• The average farm size is 4.7 acres
• Major crops cultivated includes tomatoes, plantain, yam,
cocoyam, cocoa, maize etc.
• Mostly, farms are located outside the settlement.
• Average yield per season varies since there is no clear criteria
for measurement of their output
• No extension services.
• Market produce are mostly sent to the Bodomase and other
neighboring settlements or Kumasi at large.
• The major problem concerning agriculture in Aninangya has to
do with cost of production and the manipulation by Middle
men.
• Also, perishability of some produce in the area

42. 43
LAND TENURE SYSTEM INTHE
SETTLEMENT
 The land ownership system in the community is generally the
family type.
 The chief holds the land in custody for his people.
 The land is leased for agricultural activities without payment for
natives.
 However the migrants pay a token between 1000 and 2000
Ghana cedis before they can use the land.
 As compared to the district where most of the land are Abusa.
 The owner lease the land to the farmer and when the farmer
harvest the produce he gives one third to the land owner and
takes two third for himself.

43. 47

44. POPULATION
PROJECTION AND
NEEDS ASSESSMENT
45

45. POPULATION PROJECTION
46

46. POPULATION PROJECTION
METHODS
PREFERED METHOD OF POPULATION PROJECTION
•The Mathematical method will be used and the exponential model
under the method is selected.
•The exponential method is given by the formula;
Pt = Po*ert. Where:
Pt = Population at the end of the period.
Po = Population at the beginning of the period.
r = Constant rate of change.
t = Inter-censal period.
e = constant exponential value (2.718)
47

47. POPULATION PROJECTION CONT’D
MERITS OF PREFERED METHOD
The method requires few data
It is easier and convenient to compute
It is the best method to use when at least two
census years have been taken and there is no vital
registers
This method is useful for projections on short
term basis hence extrapolation over a five year
period makes it suitable.
It is a hybrid of the geometric and arithmetic
methods and corrects the anomalies of the methods.
48

48. POPULATION PROJECTION CONT’D
YEAR POPULATION
GROWTH
RATES
1970 272
1984 99 -0.07
2000 920 0.14
2010 620 -0.04
2014 645 0.01
YEA
R
LOW
(-0.07)
VARIANCE
MEDIUM
VARIANCE
(0.01)
HIGH
VARIANCE
(0.14)
2014 469 645 1085
2018 354 671 1899
2024 233 713 4399
49
 Medium variance is chosen because the population
has been increasing at an decreasing rate over the
years.

49. 50
HOUSING SECTOR CONT’D
ASSUMPTIONS
• Average number of habitable rooms will be continual
• Average of 2.6 houses per acre will be constant during the plan period
• Annual increment of houses will be constant (8 houses per year)
Year Population
Existing
Habitable
Rooms
Required
Habitable
Rooms
Surplus
Rooms
Habitable
2014 645 307 258 49
2016 658 307 263 50
2018 671 307 268 53
2020 685 307 274 52
2024 713 307 285 55
• Rehabilitation of dilapidated houses .
• We propose that, there should adequate maintenance culture by owners of these existing
houses.

50. 51
EDUCATION
ASSUMPTIONS
• Existing number of schools will remain unchanged throughout the planning period
• Existing number of facilities will be held constant
STANDARDS
• Threshold = 5000 for Primary and up to 10000 for JHS
• Enrollment per class = 40
Facility Year Population
Existing
Classrooms
Required
Classrooms
Backlog Surplus
Primary and
JHS
2014 212 11 11 - -
2015 216 11 11 - -
2016 221 11 11 - -
2018 225 11 11 - -
2024 234 11 11 - -

51. 52
EDUCATION CONT’D
Facility Year Population Existing Desks Required Desks Backlog Surplus
Primary and
Junior High
School
2014 212 221 106 - 115
2016 216 221 108 - 113
2018 221 221 111 - 110
2020 225 221 113 - 108
2024 234 221 117 - 104
INTERVENTIONS
• Organizing educational campaigns to encourage enrolment.
• The provision of well stocked library at the end of the planning
period.
• Encourage maintenance of facilities in the schools

52. 53
HEALTH SECTOR
ASSUMPTIONS
• Existing number of health centers will remain unchanged
throughout the planning period
• Existing number of facilities will be held constant
• Staff of 14 will not change
STANDARDS
• Threshold = 10000

53. 54
HEALTH SECTOR CONT’D
Mandatory basic facilities to be provided
Required Existing Backlog
Water and electricity
Water and
electricity
-
Dispensary Dispensary -
telephone - telephone
Kitchen and toilet Toilet Kitchen
Dressing room Dressing room -
Injection room Injection room -
Store and recovery rooms - Store and recovery rooms
Beds (15) Beds (20) -
Ambulance - Ambulance
Sanitary facilities - Sanitary facilities
1 consulting room 1 consulting room -
Staff Quarters (5) 2 staff Quarters 3 staff Quarters

54. 55
HEALTH SECTOR CONT’D
• Maintenance of existing logistics
• Provision of unavailable facilities
• Improvement of the road leading to the health
center.
• Organizing health campaigns

55. 56
Year Population Existing Required Surplus Backlog
2014 645 0 1 - 1
2018 671 0 2 - 2
2024 713 0 2 - 2
INTERVENTIONS
• Provision of 2 public stand pipes for the people of
Aninangya.
• There should be the provision of filters since their
current source of water is stream.
WATER

56. 57
SANITATION
TOILET FACILITY
Year Population Facility
Existing
number of
holes
Required
number of
holes
Backlog Acreage
2014 645
Pit
latrine
6 13 7
2016 658
Pit
latrine
6 13 7
2018 671
Pit
latrine
6 13 7
2020 685
Pit
latrine
6 14 8
2024 713
Pit
latrine
6 14 8
ASSUMPTIONS
• Existing number of holes will be held constant
• 50 persons is to 1 hole .Threshold of facility is 5000 people

57. 58
TOILET FACILITY CONT’D
INTERVENTIONS
• Provision of a good toilet facility with 8 holes.
• Maintenance of the facility should be
encouraged.

58. 59
SANITATION CONT’D
WASTE DISPOSAL
• There is one dumpsites in the community.
INTERVENTIONS
• Provision of a refuse container at the dump site.
• Regular charges to maintain the container.
• Formulation of by-laws to keep the place tidy.
• Educate the public on hygiene
• Provision of drainage channels (gutters) to dispose
liquid waste

59. 60
Energy for Cooking
Frequency Percent
Charcoal 6 19
Firewood 24 78
LPG 1 3
Total 31 100
ENERGY
• This pattern has effects on the vegetation and thus should be minimized
• Health threats related to use of charcoal and firewood
IMPLICATION FOR POLICY
• There is the need for awareness on replanting of trees to ensure
environmental sustainability.
• Other alternative sources of energy for cooking such as LPG should be
encouraged.

60. CONCLUSION
•The needs of Aninangya as have been assessed is
be very useful as it will inform our decision in
the formulation of our goals and objectives.
These goals are to be local goals because they
will be addressing the needs of Aninangya in
particular and Kumawu district as whole.
61

61. 62