processengineeringcoursepresentation-181129070537.pdf

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Ali Hamza

Explains organic synthesis and retro synthesis by Sana as researcher

Science

Organic
Synthesis
Course-0456: Process Analysis and Evaluation
Advisor: Chaniago Yus Donald
1
Presented By

25
RM RM RM R
R
R
Checking of Reaction Progress Through TLC Plates
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kx9Ilfqp8RE
Laboratory Synthesis Approach

28
Evaporation of solvent from Isolated Product through Column
Chromatography on Rota Evaporator

31
NMR Spectrum for Isolated Product
1H-NMR
13C-NMR

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Ultrasound color Doppler imaging has been routinely used for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, enabling real-time flow visualization through the Doppler effect. Yet, its inability to provide true flow velocity vectors due to its one-dimensional detection limits its efficacy. To overcome this limitation, various VFI schemes, including multi-angle beams, speckle tracking, and transverse oscillation, have been explored, with some already available commercially. However, many of these methods still rely on autocorrelation, which poses inherent issues such as underestimation, aliasing, and the need for large ensemble sizes. Conversely, speckle-tracking-based VFI enables lateral velocity estimation but suffers from significantly lower accuracy compared to axial velocity measurements. To address these challenges, we have presented a speckle-tracking-based VFI approach utilizing multi-angle ultrafast plane wave imaging. Our approach involves estimating axial velocity components projected onto individual steered plane waves, which are then combined to derive the velocity vector. Additionally, we've introduced a VFI visualization technique with high spatial and temporal resolutions capable of tracking flow particle trajectories. Simulation and flow phantom experiments demonstrate that the proposed VFI method outperforms both speckle-tracking-based VFI and autocorrelation VFI counterparts by at least a factor of three. Furthermore, in vivo measurements on carotid arteries using the Prodigy ultrasound scanner demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach compared to existing methods, providing a more robust imaging tool for hemodynamic studies. Learning objectives: - Understand fundamental limitations of color Doppler imaging. - Understand principles behind advanced vector flow imaging techniques. - Familiarize with the ultrasound speckle tracking technique and its implications in flow imaging. - Explore experiments conducted using multi-angle plane wave ultrafast imaging, specifically utilizing the pulse-sequence mode on a 128-channel ultrasound research platform.

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TheCarringtoneventof1859hasbeenthestrongestsolarflareintheobservationalhistory.ItplaysacrucialroleinsheddinglightonthefrequencyandimpactsofthepastandfutureSolarEnergeticParticle(SEP)eventsonhumansocieties.WeaddresstheimpactoftheCarringtoneventbymeasuringtree‐ring14Cwithmultiplereplicationsfromhigh‐latitudelocationsaroundtheeventandbycomparingthemwithmid‐latitudemeasurements.Atransientoffsetin14Cfollowingtheeventisobservedwithhighstatisticalsignificance.Ourstate‐of‐the‐art14Cproductionandtransportmodeldoesnotreproducetheobservationalfinding,suggestingfeaturesbeyondpresentunderstanding.Particularly,ourobservationwouldrequirepartiallyfasttransportof14Cbetweenthestratosphereandtroposphereathighlatitudes.TheobservationisconsistentwiththepreviousfindingswiththeSEPeventsof774and993CEforwhichfasterintegrationof14Cintotreeringsisobservedathighlatitudes

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