This document discusses various procedural complications that can occur during endodontic treatment. It identifies the three main factors for endodontic treatment success as diagnosis and treatment planning, cleaning and shaping of the root canal, and obturation. It then describes multiple mishaps that can occur related to diagnosis, anesthesia, isolation, access opening, irrigation, instrumentation, obturation, and surgical procedures. Specific radiographic issues and complications involving perforations, ledges, transportation, over-instrumentation, and under-preparation of the canal are examined. Prevention and management strategies are provided for many of the potential procedural complications.
The document discusses common endodontic mistakes related to access, instrumentation, and obturation including treating the wrong tooth, ledge formation, perforations, separated instruments, and over/under filled canals. It provides details on causes, recognition, correction, and prevention of each mistake to help endodontists avoid errors and improve treatment outcomes. The document emphasizes the importance of careful diagnosis, conservative access preparation, adhering to principles of instrumentation, and optimizing obturation quality.
This document discusses endodontic mishaps and procedural accidents that can occur during root canal treatment. It begins by defining endodontic mishaps and classifying them into categories such as access related, instrumentation related, and obturation related mishaps. Specific mishaps like treating the wrong tooth, missed canals, ledge formation, and perforations are described in detail. The document emphasizes the importance of recognizing mishaps, correcting them properly, and preventing future errors through careful diagnosis, instrumentation techniques, and quality control measures.
This document discusses common errors that can occur during root canal treatment and their prevention and management. Some key points include:
1) Missed canals are the most common error, which can be prevented by adequate access preparation, expecting extra canals, using magnification, and taking angled radiographs.
2) Perforations are also common and can be iatrogenic or pathological. Management includes regaining access, controlling hemorrhage, and sealing the perforation with materials like GIC or MTA.
3) Instrument separation is another error that can occur from overuse or excess pressure. Management depends on factors like retrieving or bypassing the separated instrument.
4) Sodium hypochlor
Procedural accidents in root canal treatment last oneammar905
- Immediately stop procedure
- Check throat and mouth of patient
- Monitor vital signs
- Call emergency services if needed
Dentist:
- Reassure patient
- Take appropriate radiographs
- Monitor patient and seek medical advice as needed
Prognosis depends on:
- Location and size of object
- Time elapsed before removal
- Patient's general health
Endodontic mishaps/PROCEDURAL ACCIDENTSNivedha Tina
The document discusses various endodontic mishaps that can occur during root canal treatment such as loss of working length, canal blockages, ledging, missed canals, instrument separation, perforations, and over/under filling. It describes the causes, signs, and management of each mishap. Prevention is key and includes proper access cavity preparation, using sequential file sizes with copious irrigation, verifying instrument position radiographically, and maintaining sterile conditions with a rubber dam. The document emphasizes informing patients about any procedural accidents and their treatment and prognosis implications.
explained with Limited matter moreover I have included all the images. if you go through a standard textbook and referred to this PPT it will help you so much I hope It helps you. ask me for the books details.
This document discusses common mistakes that can occur during root canal treatment and ways to correct them. It is divided into sections on access-related mistakes, instrumentation mistakes, obturation mistakes, and other miscellaneous issues. Some key points include: treating the wrong tooth can be corrected by treating both teeth; ledges can be corrected with small files and lubricants; perforations should be repaired immediately with materials like MTA; fractured instruments may require surgery if unable to bypass. Proper access cavity preparation, gentle instrumentation, and avoidance of overfilling are emphasized to minimize complications.
This document discusses various endodontic mishaps that can occur during root canal treatment. It defines mishaps as unfortunate procedural accidents and classifies them into categories such as access-related, instrumentation-related, and obturation-related. Specific mishaps discussed in detail include ledge formation, root perforations including cervical, middle, and apical perforations, as well as causes, recognition, correction, prevention and prognosis for each. Management of mishaps involves prompt recognition and correction, as well as measures to prevent future occurrences and improve outcomes.
The document discusses common endodontic mistakes related to access, instrumentation, and obturation including treating the wrong tooth, ledge formation, perforations, separated instruments, and over/under filled canals. It provides details on causes, recognition, correction, and prevention of each mistake to help endodontists avoid errors and improve treatment outcomes. The document emphasizes the importance of careful diagnosis, conservative access preparation, adhering to principles of instrumentation, and optimizing obturation quality.
This document discusses endodontic mishaps and procedural accidents that can occur during root canal treatment. It begins by defining endodontic mishaps and classifying them into categories such as access related, instrumentation related, and obturation related mishaps. Specific mishaps like treating the wrong tooth, missed canals, ledge formation, and perforations are described in detail. The document emphasizes the importance of recognizing mishaps, correcting them properly, and preventing future errors through careful diagnosis, instrumentation techniques, and quality control measures.
This document discusses common errors that can occur during root canal treatment and their prevention and management. Some key points include:
1) Missed canals are the most common error, which can be prevented by adequate access preparation, expecting extra canals, using magnification, and taking angled radiographs.
2) Perforations are also common and can be iatrogenic or pathological. Management includes regaining access, controlling hemorrhage, and sealing the perforation with materials like GIC or MTA.
3) Instrument separation is another error that can occur from overuse or excess pressure. Management depends on factors like retrieving or bypassing the separated instrument.
4) Sodium hypochlor
Procedural accidents in root canal treatment last oneammar905
- Immediately stop procedure
- Check throat and mouth of patient
- Monitor vital signs
- Call emergency services if needed
Dentist:
- Reassure patient
- Take appropriate radiographs
- Monitor patient and seek medical advice as needed
Prognosis depends on:
- Location and size of object
- Time elapsed before removal
- Patient's general health
Endodontic mishaps/PROCEDURAL ACCIDENTSNivedha Tina
The document discusses various endodontic mishaps that can occur during root canal treatment such as loss of working length, canal blockages, ledging, missed canals, instrument separation, perforations, and over/under filling. It describes the causes, signs, and management of each mishap. Prevention is key and includes proper access cavity preparation, using sequential file sizes with copious irrigation, verifying instrument position radiographically, and maintaining sterile conditions with a rubber dam. The document emphasizes informing patients about any procedural accidents and their treatment and prognosis implications.
explained with Limited matter moreover I have included all the images. if you go through a standard textbook and referred to this PPT it will help you so much I hope It helps you. ask me for the books details.
This document discusses common mistakes that can occur during root canal treatment and ways to correct them. It is divided into sections on access-related mistakes, instrumentation mistakes, obturation mistakes, and other miscellaneous issues. Some key points include: treating the wrong tooth can be corrected by treating both teeth; ledges can be corrected with small files and lubricants; perforations should be repaired immediately with materials like MTA; fractured instruments may require surgery if unable to bypass. Proper access cavity preparation, gentle instrumentation, and avoidance of overfilling are emphasized to minimize complications.
This document discusses various endodontic mishaps that can occur during root canal treatment. It defines mishaps as unfortunate procedural accidents and classifies them into categories such as access-related, instrumentation-related, and obturation-related. Specific mishaps discussed in detail include ledge formation, root perforations including cervical, middle, and apical perforations, as well as causes, recognition, correction, prevention and prognosis for each. Management of mishaps involves prompt recognition and correction, as well as measures to prevent future occurrences and improve outcomes.
This document discusses common errors that can occur during endodontic treatment and ways to prevent or manage them. It covers errors related to accessing the pulp space like treating the wrong tooth, incomplete caries removal, or perforating through a full coverage restoration. It also discusses errors during canal cleaning and shaping such as ledge formation, canal deviations, or instrument separation. Finally, it addresses procedural errors during obturation like underfilling or overfilling the canal with gutta percha. Throughout, it provides tips for preventing errors like using small instruments sequentially, maintaining canal patency, and taking pre-operative radiographs to understand anatomy.
This document provides information on biomechanical preparation for root canal treatment. It discusses various techniques for cleaning, shaping, and preparing the root canal including step-back technique, step-down technique, crown-down pressureless technique, balanced force technique, and rotary instrumentation techniques. It also covers objectives of root canal preparation, rules for cleaning and shaping, potential procedural accidents and their prevention, and the importance of avoiding over-instrumentation.
The document discusses methods for determining the working length in root canal treatment. It defines working length as the distance from a coronal reference point to the point where canal preparation and obturation should terminate. The key methods discussed are the radiographic method, using an electronic apex locator, and non-radiographic methods. Ingle's radiographic technique is described as the recommended method, which uses a preoperative radiograph and subtracts 1mm from the estimated working length to the radiographic apex. Terminating instrumentation between 0.5-1mm from the radiographic apex is advocated.
This document provides information on the surgical procedure of apicoectomy. It begins by defining apicoectomy as the surgical resection and removal of the root tip along with pathological tissues. It then lists indications for the procedure such as teeth with active periapical inflammation despite satisfactory endodontic therapy. The document describes the surgical technique which includes flap design, exposing the apex, resection of the apex, and potentially retrograde filling. It provides details on instruments used and cautions to take such as ensuring the resection is at a right angle to reduce apical leakage.
This document discusses methods for determining the working length in root canals. It defines key terms like working length, cementodentinal junction, and apical constriction. It describes the significance of accurately determining working length and consequences of being over or under extended. Both radiographic and non-radiographic methods are outlined, including their advantages and limitations. The document concludes that no single method is entirely satisfactory and that a combination of methods should be used to accurately determine working length.
Obturation Of Root Canal Obturation Of Root Canalvasanthatpuram
The document discusses obturation, which is the filling of the root canal system after chemomechanical preparation. Obturation aims to provide an impermeable seal within the root canal system to prevent reinfection from oral or apical microleakage. Ideal obturation extends to the cementodentinal junction and has a tapered funnel-like shape reflecting the root's morphology. Materials used for obturation include gutta-percha, silver cones, and various sealers. Gutta-percha is the most common material due to its biocompatibility and plasticity which allows it to fill canal irregularities.
This document discusses the anatomic conditions and morphologic variations of root canal systems and their impact on endodontic treatment success. It describes the components of root canal anatomy including the pulp chamber, root canal orifice, apical anatomy, accessory canals, buccolingual width and curvature. It also discusses classifications of root canal morphology and general considerations for treatment. Specific anatomic features like C-shaped canals, developmental anomalies and blunder buss canals are examined. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding root canal anatomy to optimize instrumentation and obturation.
The document discusses the importance of root canal obturation and provides details on the process. It begins by defining obturation as filling the cleaned and shaped root canal space. A key goal is to hermetically seal the root canal system to prevent reinfection. The challenges include filling an irregular space that varies between teeth. Historically, materials like gold, gutta-percha and various pastes have been used. Proper preparation, including smear layer removal, affects the quality of sealing. Debate remains around how far to instrument and fill within the canal but terminating at the apical constriction or 1mm short of the radiographic apex is often recommended.
This document discusses various endodontic mishaps that can occur during root canal therapy (RCT). It describes access-related mishaps such as treating the wrong tooth, missed canals, damage to existing restorations, access cavity perforations, and crown fractures. It also discusses mishaps related to inadequate cleaned and shaped root canal systems such as loss of working length, canal blockage, and ledging of canals. Other mishaps discussed include instrument separation, deviation from normal canal anatomy/inadequate preparation resulting in issues like zipping or apical transportation, and perforations. Suggestions are provided to minimize these mishaps and establish good patient communication when mishaps do occur.
This document discusses various endodontic mishaps that can occur during root canal treatment, including access-related issues like perforations or treating the wrong tooth, instrumentation issues like ledge formation or separated instruments, and obturation issues like overextended fillings. It provides details on recognizing, correcting, and preventing each type of mishap. The key aspects discussed are the importance of careful treatment planning based on radiographs, using magnification, maintaining straight-line access, and adhering to rubber dam isolation to avoid accidental ingestion or aspiration of instruments. Overall, the document stresses vigilance, attention to detail, and learning from past experiences to minimize procedural accidents and maximize patient safety and outcomes.
Nonvital pulp therapy in pediatric dentistryPriyank Pareek
The document discusses techniques for pulpectomy procedures in primary teeth. It describes removing necrotic pulp tissue from the root canals and coronal portion of teeth to maintain the tooth. Key steps include isolating the tooth, removing caries, accessing and cleaning canals, drying canals, and filling canals with zinc oxide eugenol. The goals are to resolve infection, show healing on x-rays, and allow normal resorption and eruption of permanent teeth.
1) The document reports on two case studies where lyophilized collagen sponges were used as an apical matrix prior to placing mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as an apical plug in teeth with open apices and necrotic pulps. In both cases, the MTA plug demonstrated favorable outcomes with regression of periapical lesions and increase in bone density.
2) The use of a collagen sponge matrix allows for the hydration and setting of MTA to occur without direct contact of MTA with apical tissues, preventing inflammatory reactions. The collagen sponge is also easily handled and promotes healing.
3) Placement of MTA with a collagen sponge matrix results in a safe
Overzealous canal instrumentation can lead to ledge formation, zipping, and perforations. Ledges are caused by inadequate access or using larger instruments in curved canals. They must be removed with small, curved files. Zipping often occurs in curved mesial roots of mandibular molars. Perforations are managed based on location and size, using hemostatic agents and barrier materials like MTA. Broken instruments are best prevented, but can be removed using ultrasonics or surgery. Canal blockages occur when debris packs at the apex; flooding with NaOCl and using short, stiff files regains working length.
Overinstrumentation can lead to procedural accidents like ledges, perforations, and separated instruments. Ledges form when larger instruments are forced into curved canals without maintaining the original shape. Perforations occur when instruments cut through the root, most commonly in the distal wall of mandibular molars. Broken instruments are difficult to remove and may require surgery. It is important to prevent accidents by using minimal access and small, flexible instruments that conform to canal anatomy.
This document discusses common dental emergencies that can occur during root canal therapy. It describes access-related mishaps like treating the wrong tooth or damaging existing restorations. Instrument-related accidents are also outlined, such as ledge formation or perforations from using larger instruments in curved canals. Missed canals are another area of concern that can lead to infection if not properly treated. Finally, improper obturation techniques like overfilling the canal or using leaky silver points are mentioned as additional procedural risks that clinicians must take care to avoid during root canal treatment.
Procedural errors in endodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by In...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Determination of root canal working length /certified fixed orthodontic cours...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Iatrogenic Perforation- A guide to fixing the hole in your patient's toothTaseef Hasan Farook
An overview of the possible types of perforation that may occur during endodontic treatment with their management. This slide presentation covers multiple management possibilities of said perforation proposed by various clinicians from around the world which can aid the readers in their treatment plan for the repair of a tooth perforation
This document provides information about the surgical procedure of apicoectomy. It begins with an introduction defining apicoectomy as the surgical resection and removal of the root tip and pathological periapical tissues. It then lists the indications and contraindications for the procedure. The rest of the document details the armamentarium, surgical technique including designing the flap, localizing and exposing the apex, resection of the apex, retrograde filling if needed, and wound closure. The surgical technique section provides step-by-step details of each part of the procedure.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
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This document discusses common errors that can occur during endodontic treatment and ways to prevent or manage them. It covers errors related to accessing the pulp space like treating the wrong tooth, incomplete caries removal, or perforating through a full coverage restoration. It also discusses errors during canal cleaning and shaping such as ledge formation, canal deviations, or instrument separation. Finally, it addresses procedural errors during obturation like underfilling or overfilling the canal with gutta percha. Throughout, it provides tips for preventing errors like using small instruments sequentially, maintaining canal patency, and taking pre-operative radiographs to understand anatomy.
This document provides information on biomechanical preparation for root canal treatment. It discusses various techniques for cleaning, shaping, and preparing the root canal including step-back technique, step-down technique, crown-down pressureless technique, balanced force technique, and rotary instrumentation techniques. It also covers objectives of root canal preparation, rules for cleaning and shaping, potential procedural accidents and their prevention, and the importance of avoiding over-instrumentation.
The document discusses methods for determining the working length in root canal treatment. It defines working length as the distance from a coronal reference point to the point where canal preparation and obturation should terminate. The key methods discussed are the radiographic method, using an electronic apex locator, and non-radiographic methods. Ingle's radiographic technique is described as the recommended method, which uses a preoperative radiograph and subtracts 1mm from the estimated working length to the radiographic apex. Terminating instrumentation between 0.5-1mm from the radiographic apex is advocated.
This document provides information on the surgical procedure of apicoectomy. It begins by defining apicoectomy as the surgical resection and removal of the root tip along with pathological tissues. It then lists indications for the procedure such as teeth with active periapical inflammation despite satisfactory endodontic therapy. The document describes the surgical technique which includes flap design, exposing the apex, resection of the apex, and potentially retrograde filling. It provides details on instruments used and cautions to take such as ensuring the resection is at a right angle to reduce apical leakage.
This document discusses methods for determining the working length in root canals. It defines key terms like working length, cementodentinal junction, and apical constriction. It describes the significance of accurately determining working length and consequences of being over or under extended. Both radiographic and non-radiographic methods are outlined, including their advantages and limitations. The document concludes that no single method is entirely satisfactory and that a combination of methods should be used to accurately determine working length.
Obturation Of Root Canal Obturation Of Root Canalvasanthatpuram
The document discusses obturation, which is the filling of the root canal system after chemomechanical preparation. Obturation aims to provide an impermeable seal within the root canal system to prevent reinfection from oral or apical microleakage. Ideal obturation extends to the cementodentinal junction and has a tapered funnel-like shape reflecting the root's morphology. Materials used for obturation include gutta-percha, silver cones, and various sealers. Gutta-percha is the most common material due to its biocompatibility and plasticity which allows it to fill canal irregularities.
This document discusses the anatomic conditions and morphologic variations of root canal systems and their impact on endodontic treatment success. It describes the components of root canal anatomy including the pulp chamber, root canal orifice, apical anatomy, accessory canals, buccolingual width and curvature. It also discusses classifications of root canal morphology and general considerations for treatment. Specific anatomic features like C-shaped canals, developmental anomalies and blunder buss canals are examined. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding root canal anatomy to optimize instrumentation and obturation.
The document discusses the importance of root canal obturation and provides details on the process. It begins by defining obturation as filling the cleaned and shaped root canal space. A key goal is to hermetically seal the root canal system to prevent reinfection. The challenges include filling an irregular space that varies between teeth. Historically, materials like gold, gutta-percha and various pastes have been used. Proper preparation, including smear layer removal, affects the quality of sealing. Debate remains around how far to instrument and fill within the canal but terminating at the apical constriction or 1mm short of the radiographic apex is often recommended.
This document discusses various endodontic mishaps that can occur during root canal therapy (RCT). It describes access-related mishaps such as treating the wrong tooth, missed canals, damage to existing restorations, access cavity perforations, and crown fractures. It also discusses mishaps related to inadequate cleaned and shaped root canal systems such as loss of working length, canal blockage, and ledging of canals. Other mishaps discussed include instrument separation, deviation from normal canal anatomy/inadequate preparation resulting in issues like zipping or apical transportation, and perforations. Suggestions are provided to minimize these mishaps and establish good patient communication when mishaps do occur.
This document discusses various endodontic mishaps that can occur during root canal treatment, including access-related issues like perforations or treating the wrong tooth, instrumentation issues like ledge formation or separated instruments, and obturation issues like overextended fillings. It provides details on recognizing, correcting, and preventing each type of mishap. The key aspects discussed are the importance of careful treatment planning based on radiographs, using magnification, maintaining straight-line access, and adhering to rubber dam isolation to avoid accidental ingestion or aspiration of instruments. Overall, the document stresses vigilance, attention to detail, and learning from past experiences to minimize procedural accidents and maximize patient safety and outcomes.
Nonvital pulp therapy in pediatric dentistryPriyank Pareek
The document discusses techniques for pulpectomy procedures in primary teeth. It describes removing necrotic pulp tissue from the root canals and coronal portion of teeth to maintain the tooth. Key steps include isolating the tooth, removing caries, accessing and cleaning canals, drying canals, and filling canals with zinc oxide eugenol. The goals are to resolve infection, show healing on x-rays, and allow normal resorption and eruption of permanent teeth.
1) The document reports on two case studies where lyophilized collagen sponges were used as an apical matrix prior to placing mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as an apical plug in teeth with open apices and necrotic pulps. In both cases, the MTA plug demonstrated favorable outcomes with regression of periapical lesions and increase in bone density.
2) The use of a collagen sponge matrix allows for the hydration and setting of MTA to occur without direct contact of MTA with apical tissues, preventing inflammatory reactions. The collagen sponge is also easily handled and promotes healing.
3) Placement of MTA with a collagen sponge matrix results in a safe
Overzealous canal instrumentation can lead to ledge formation, zipping, and perforations. Ledges are caused by inadequate access or using larger instruments in curved canals. They must be removed with small, curved files. Zipping often occurs in curved mesial roots of mandibular molars. Perforations are managed based on location and size, using hemostatic agents and barrier materials like MTA. Broken instruments are best prevented, but can be removed using ultrasonics or surgery. Canal blockages occur when debris packs at the apex; flooding with NaOCl and using short, stiff files regains working length.
Overinstrumentation can lead to procedural accidents like ledges, perforations, and separated instruments. Ledges form when larger instruments are forced into curved canals without maintaining the original shape. Perforations occur when instruments cut through the root, most commonly in the distal wall of mandibular molars. Broken instruments are difficult to remove and may require surgery. It is important to prevent accidents by using minimal access and small, flexible instruments that conform to canal anatomy.
This document discusses common dental emergencies that can occur during root canal therapy. It describes access-related mishaps like treating the wrong tooth or damaging existing restorations. Instrument-related accidents are also outlined, such as ledge formation or perforations from using larger instruments in curved canals. Missed canals are another area of concern that can lead to infection if not properly treated. Finally, improper obturation techniques like overfilling the canal or using leaky silver points are mentioned as additional procedural risks that clinicians must take care to avoid during root canal treatment.
Procedural errors in endodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by In...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Determination of root canal working length /certified fixed orthodontic cours...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Iatrogenic Perforation- A guide to fixing the hole in your patient's toothTaseef Hasan Farook
An overview of the possible types of perforation that may occur during endodontic treatment with their management. This slide presentation covers multiple management possibilities of said perforation proposed by various clinicians from around the world which can aid the readers in their treatment plan for the repair of a tooth perforation
This document provides information about the surgical procedure of apicoectomy. It begins with an introduction defining apicoectomy as the surgical resection and removal of the root tip and pathological periapical tissues. It then lists the indications and contraindications for the procedure. The rest of the document details the armamentarium, surgical technique including designing the flap, localizing and exposing the apex, resection of the apex, retrograde filling if needed, and wound closure. The surgical technique section provides step-by-step details of each part of the procedure.
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TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
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TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
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The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
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Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
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• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
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19. SUCCESS OF ENDODONTIC TREATMENT DEPENDS
MAINLY ON 3 FACTORS
- THE ‘TRIPOD’
1. DIAGNOSIS & TREATMENT PLAN,
2. CLEANING ,SHAPING,
3. OBTURATION.
20. THE CAUSES OF ENDODONTIC FAILURE HAS BEEN
CLASSIFIED BY SEVERAL AUTHORS
- Grossman
Poor diagnosis
Poor prognosis
Technical difficulties
Careless treatment
21. In Washington study the causes were classified
into 3 main groups
Apical percolation
Operative Errors
Errors in case selection
22. Crump described it as an Acronym ‘Poor Past’
which denotes :-
P erforation
O bliteration
O verfilled
R oot canal missed
P eriodontal disease
A ccess (improper)
S plit
T rauma .
35. During humid times when
two surfaces are vigoroursly
rubbed, it creates Electric
charges which are sufficient
enough to expose the films
known as STATIC ELECTRICITY
50. HOT MOLAR / HOT TOOTH
Sodium channel expression shift from tetradotoxin (TTX) sensitive to
tetradotoxin resistance
Drug of choice is Bupivacaine
Techniques
Supraperiosteal: effective for maxillary teeth. 0.6ml of agent with 27 gauge
Intra ligamentary:
0.2ml per root with 27/30 gauge needle
51. Intrapulpal:
Effective due to dual action
0.2-0.3ml, 27 gauge
Intraosseous:
0.45 -0.6ml with 8mm,27 gauge needle
STABIDENT / X TIP SYSTEM
WAND SYSTEM
.
53. Difficulties are occasionally experienced with the placement of rubber
dam.
Severely broken down tooth.
Adhesive appl wingless clamp split dam tech
S-G clamp Apicallly directed clamps
55. Access Related Mishaps
Objective : to create an unimpeded pathway to pulp
space and apex.
Many mishaps avoided with proper access.
An old adage : “go for the pulp horns.”
57. Under Extended Access
1. Inability to locate the canals
2. Improper debridement
3. Improper irrigation
Over extended access
1. Post endodontic restorations questionable
2. Fracture of the tooth
3. Loss of ref. Point and errors in
working length Determination
59. MISSED CANALS
Recognition:
1. During treatment – Instrument/GP not centered in the
canal.
2. After Treatment – Continued symptom.
Prevention:
1. Assume at the onset the presence of multiple canals and
search for them.
2. Use of newer technologies to aid in vision
60. TECHNIQUES & CONCEPTS TO SEARCH FOR
MISSED CANALS
• Anatomic familiarity
• LN bur
• Radiographic Analysis (Clark’s Rule)
• Digital radiography
• The third eye : Magnifying loupes
Microscopes
Endoscopes
61. • Ultrasonic tips: pro root tips
• Micro – openers: ISO Hand Inst.
(0.04 &0.06 Tapers, limited length cutting blade)
• Dyes – “Roadmaps the anatomy”
• NaOCl – “Champagne Test”
• Fluorescent dyes- fluorescein dye
62. ACCESS CAVITY PERFORATIONS
• Undesirable communication between
pulp space and external tooth surface
occurring during access prepn.
• Gouging / perforation of the access
cavity occurs if the orientation of the
bur not along the long axis of the
tooth.
A. Above PDL attachment:
Leakage of - 1) Saliva into the cavity
2) Irrigant into mouth.
B. Below PDL attachment: Bleeding into the access cavity.
63. SUPRA CRESTAL PERFORATION REPAIR
• Use of restorative materials without a surgical intervention.
• During endodontic treatment – Cavit.
• Post treatment – permanent restorative materials like
amalgam and composites placed with the aid of a matrix band.
64. LATERAL ROOT PERFORATIONS
• Repair is favourable if the
defect is located at or above
the crestal bone level.
• Defect is easily exteriorized and
repaired with std. Resto.
Materials.
• Periodontal curettage - to place
remove or smooth excess repair
material.
• Best repair is the placement of
a full crown with margins
extending below the defect.
66. LOSS OF WORKING LENGTH
Blockage of canal system:-
Blockage is an obstruction in a previously patent
canal system that prevents access to the apical
constriction or apical stop.
Causes :-
1. Dentin chips.
2. Tissue debris
3. Restorative material
4. cotton pellets.
5. Paper points.
6. Broken instruments
67. SOLUTIONS
1. Removal of caries and unsupported toothstructure.
2. Access walls should be flared occlusally.
3. Ledges should be removed.
4. Temporary restoration should be removed.
5. Copious irrigation.
6. Never skip the file sizes.
7. Recapitulation
8. Avoid excessive pressure.
9. Precurve the instrument
10.Use chelating agent
68. Ledging
Its an artificially created irregularity on the Surface of the root canal
wall that prevents the placement of the instrument to the apex.
Causes :-
Failure to precurve the instrument.
Application of excessive apical pressure
Recognition:
Instrument no longer reaches the entire working length.
Loss of normal tactile sensation of canal binding in
the lumen. (Feeling of tip hitting a solid wall).
Radiograph with instrument in place. ( instrument
tip pointing away from the lumen of the canal)
69. Prevention:
Accurate interpretation of the diagnostic
radiograph - Curvatures length and size.
Precurve & do not force the instr.
Instruments with non cutting tips.
Frequent irrigation & recapitulation
Gly oxide / RC prep used for lubrication.
Correction:
70. Zipping / Elliptication:
Apical Zip: “ An elliptical shape formed in the apical foramen
during the preparation of a curved canal when the file extends
through the apical foramen and subsequently transports the
outer wall”.
Causes:
Failure to precurve files.
Rotation of instr. in curved canals.
Use of large stiff instr. in curved
canals.
71. Elbow:
When a file precurved / not is rotated in
a curved canal , an elbow forms
coronally to the elliptically shaped
apical seat.
Prevention:
Precurve the files.
Remove the flutes in
strategic areas.
Anti curvature / reverse filing.
72. Stripping or lateral wall
perforation:
• Caused by over instrumentation through
the thin wall of root .
• Most commonly occur on the distal wall
of mesial root of Mandibular molar.
• Easily detected by sudden
appeareance of hemorrhage in a dry
canal or sudden complaint of pain.
74. Prevention
• Use of precurved files for curved canal
• Use of modified files for curved canal
• using anticurvature filing
75. Canal transportaion
• Apical canal transportation is moving
the position of canal normal anatomic
foramen to new location on external root
surface.
77. Inadequate canal preparation
Over instrumentation:
• Excessive instrumentation beyond the
apical constriction violates the
periodontal ligament and alveolar bone.
• Loss of apical constriction create open
apex with an increased risk of over
filling.
78. Diagnosis
• Over instrumentation is recognized
when hemorrhage is evident in apical
portion of canal with or without pain.
• It also confirmed by taking radiograph
and inserting paper point in the canal.
79. Treatment
• Re-establish the working length and
carefully obturate the canal so as to
prevent extrusion of filling.
• Another method to prevent extrusion is
to develop an apical barrier .
Material used for this:
• MTA
• HYDROXYAPATITE
• CALCIUM HYDROXIDE
80. OVERPREPARATION:
Excessive removal of tooth structure in
mesiodistal and buccolingual direction
which lead to fracture of tooth during
compaction and restorative procedure.
82. Etiology
• Insufficient preparation of apical
dentinal matrix
• Insufficient use of irrigants
• Working length short of apical
constriction
• Ledge and blockage
83. Root Perforations:
Mechanical or pathological communications
between the root canal and the external
attachment apparatus.
As per location… perforation is divided in two
part
• Coronal perforation
• Root perforation
• Root perforation divided in three part
1.Cervical
2.Middle
3.Apical
84. Apical Root Perforation:
Perforations in the apical segment of the root canal.
Causes:
Transportation of the apical portion of the canal.
Inaccurate working length determination and over instrumentation.
Tear drop shaped transported apical foramen.(Zip)
Ledging.
Recognition:
Sudden pain during treatment.
Hemorrhage.
Loss of tactile sensation of the apical stop or
the confines of the canal.
Confirmation: Radiograph / paper points
inserted in canal.
85. Midroot Perforations:
Tend to occur mostly in curved canals,
• Ledges
• Strip Perforations
Recognition:
Similar to apical perforation..
Sudden complaint or hemorrhage
Confirmed by paper points or
radiographs.
86. Cervical Root Perforation:
During process of locating and widening of root canals .
Inappropriate use of Gates Glidden Drills.
Recognition:
Sudden appearance of blood from
Pdl. Lig Space.
88. Level:
Furcal perforations – Coronal one-third perforations.
Cervical perforations threaten the sulcular attachment and
pose different treatment challenges than more apical
perforations.
“ The More Apical The Perforation.. The More Favourable
The Prognosis”
Coronal
Middle Apical
94. Vertical root fracture
• It can occur at any phage of root canal
treatment when the wedging forces in
the canal exceed the binding strength of
existing dentin .
95. Clinical features
1. Commonly occur in faciolingual plane.
2. Pain
3. Susceptibility of root fracture increses
by excessive removal of dentin during
canal preparation and excessive force
during condensation.
4. J shaped defect created