This document discusses the issue of private tuition centers in Karachi, Pakistan. It provides background on the growth of private tuition in Pakistan due to weaknesses in the public school system. The document analyzes factors that have led to the popularity of private tuition, such as poor teaching in schools, parental pressure to perform well, and the commercialization of tutoring. Both the benefits and drawbacks of private tuition are outlined. Overall, the document examines the complex issue of private tuition in Karachi from different perspectives.

1. 1 11/7/2016

2. National Institute of Management
21st Mid Career Management Course
2
Current Issue Presentation
TUITION CENTER MAFIA IN
KARACHI
By
TAHIR AYUB KHAN(POSTAL SERVICES)
ADS
11/7/2016

3. 3
 Currency of the Issue
 Introduction
 Analysis
 Issues for Policy-Makers
 Way Forward with Implementation
Strategy
 Conclusion
11/7/2016

4. 4 The Nation, The tuition mafia, dated December 28, 2011 11/7/2016

5. 11/7/2016The Dawn, Private Tuition- just an easy way out dated Nov 20,20125

6. 11/7/2016The Tribune , Tuition Industry , A class Act, Friday 8th
April 20162016
6

7. 11/7/2016
The Dawn, Private Tuition a necessary evil, 8th January 2012
7

8. http://www.dawn.com/news/765509/private-tuitions-just-an-easy-way-out8
 Private tuition are growing up all around the world
 The Phenomenon is more pronounced in the
developing countries where standard of education in
school is poor.
 Consequently, parents are forced by such circumstances
and send their children for private tuition.
 In Pakistan in general and in Karachi in Particular more
and more tuition culture is coming up due to our
dysfunctional education system
11/7/2016

9. The Dawn, Private Tuition- just an easy way out dated Nov 20,20129
 This video which I have brought is a soul searching
for all of us as we are dealing with our public
policy formulation in one way or other that what
is feature of children studying in school and why
parents are forced to send their children to tuition
centers.
VIDEO
11/7/2016

10. Analysis
11/7/201610

11. The Tribune , Tuition Industry , A class Act, Friday 8th April 2016201611
Private
tuition
Parents
Push
Extra
Revenue
for
teachers
Student
belief
Indifferent
Authority
11/7/2016

12. Evolution of Private Tuition in
Pakistan
 The days when I attended school about four decades
ago, it was a matter of great shame if anyone was
taking extra help by attending tuitions besides school.
 All bright students took pride in their results, as their
performance was a result of their original hard work
and not engineered through tuition factories.
12 The Dawn, Private Tuition- just an easy way out dated Nov 20,2012 11/7/2016

13.  During the last two decades it has become a
fashion, as well as a necessity, to take tuition to
secure first class grades in the exams.
 Now almost all the parents have replaced their
efforts with tuition bills where as teachers have
commercialized their profession of teaching to
exploit the most honorable profession of all the
times.
13
The Nation, The tuition mafia, dated December 28, 2011
11/7/2016

14.  The weak students are identified by the school
and extra effort is made by the teachers to bring
them at par with the average level of the class.
 In our society, schools pay little attention to assist
weak students and instead are identified by the
teachers and recommended to take evening
tuitions in order to improve their grades.
14 http://www.dawn.com/news/765509/private-tuitions-just-an-easy-way-out 11/7/2016

15.  It is also very unfortunate to see that parents have
already given their responsibility up by paying
heavy fees for schools and home tutors.
 The parents kill the meaning of education and
tutors kill the concept of schools.
15 http://www.dawn.com/news/765509/private-tuitions-just-an-easy-way-out 11/7/2016

16.  Parents further hand their children over to the
tutors for fulfilling the requirements of schools.
 Unaware of what they are turning their kids into,
parents have reduced their children to hostages in
their lives.
 The bigger game of face saving in society is played
by parents by using the result cards of their
children as the certificate of talented parents.
16 The Dawn, Tuition Industry , A class Act, Friday 8th April 20162016 11/7/2016

17. 17
In professional runway everyone just
wants to be the best
 Poor teaching at school force students to
go for private tuition.
 Parents also prefers their children to
score better in exams
Private tuition are more professionals and
cover syllabus in specified time.
The Dawn, Private Tuition a necessary evil, 8th January 2012
11/7/2016

18. Annual Statistic of Education
Report
11/7/2016
The Dawn, Private Tuition- just an easy way out dated Nov
20,201218
 Around15.7 per cent children of 3-16 years in rural
Pakistan take tuitions and pay Rs293 per month. This is
over and above what parents spend on general
schooling -- government or private
 In Survey of 900 villages more than 54,000 children
aged 3-16 across the country, were surveyed and it was
concluded that government schools taking private
tuition and especially those belonging to the poorest
classes appeared to perform better than those who did
not take private tuitions.

19. 19
 Karachi is the biggest City of Pakistan with
population of almost Twenty (20) million.
 It is the business hub of the country and generates
around 70% of the total revenue of the country
per year.
The Nation, The tuition mafia, dated December 28, 2011
11/7/2016

20.  Approximately one million students appear in the
SSC/HSC/Universities Examination every year in
Karachi.
 The number of Government & Private Schools,
Colleges and Institutions are unable to fulfil the
standard of Education as per requirement of the
students and their parents in different stages.
20 The Dawn, Private Tuition a necessary evil, 8th January 2012 11/7/2016

21. 21
 Over past twenty years or so our country has
developed a unique culture of evening tuition
 Public schools and colleges are now de-facto
‘facilitation centers’ or ‘liaison offices’ of Board of
Intermediate and Secondary Education of various
divisions.
The Tribune , Tuition Industry , A class Act, Friday 8th April 20162016
11/7/2016

22. 22
 The parents and teachers are fanatical with
high grades/marks of the students, using it
as the only yard stick for success in their
lives.
 Technology equipped with audio and video
can not replace books, teachers and
parents.
The Nation, The tuition mafia, dated December 28, 2011
11/7/2016

23. 23
 Although by the time there isn’t any kind of
registration process available in Karachi, in respect
of tuition Centers but on a very rough estimate in
numbers; there are thousands of tuition Centers
existed in Karachi.
 Out of those, a few tuition Centers have very good
reputations in society and having several branches
in Karachi like Student inn, Practical Center,
Meritorious & Adamjee etc.
The Nation, The tuition mafia, dated December 28, 2011
11/7/2016

24. 24
Gain of extra knowledge that may not learn in the
school.
Students can better at private tuition centers as tuition
center environment is better.
Can exchange ideas and exam questions with new
friends there.
Private tuition is a window to exchange and channelize
the energy of the students towards greater productivity.
Best way for learning to individual student.
Focus on a particular subject that’s need to grasp.
The Dawn, Private Tuition a necessary evil, 8th January 2012
11/7/2016

25. 25
 Inclination of students to concentrate tuition
by bunking classes
 The students are loosing ingenuity
 Appears costly to parents
 It discriminate the rich and poor students as
students from the lower strata of society can
not afford high tuition cost
 Less time is available to students for extra
curricular activities.
The Nation, The tuition mafia, dated December 28, 2011
11/7/2016

26. ?? ?
??
??
Why private
tuition gaining
popularity?
Today education is positioned in
the society as a commodity .
Guardians are convinced to get
benefited by the innovative glossy
advertisements.
?
26 11/7/2016

27. Should we ban Private Tuition
The Dawn, Private Tuition a necessary evil, 8th January 2012
27
 There is a debate that private tuition should be
banned in Karachi but on the other hand there are
people who argue that banning tuition would
prove to be more harmful.
 So I have analyzed both the point of views which
can help us to reach at reasonable conclusion
11/7/2016

28. Arguments Against banning
The Dawn, Private Tuition- just an easy way out dated Nov 20,2012
28
Not all the students are same; some can
grasp the lessons quickly in the class;
whereas some cant due to various reasons
like distractions, explanation gaps. Hence
they need extra support, wherein private
tutors can help them understand those
important key points once again
 Now a days the minimum number of students
in each class is more than 50 students in
Karachi and it’s easy for the kids to get
distracted by friends while chit- chatting and
makes them loose interest in studies and11/7/2016

29. Arguments against banning
The Dawn, Tuition Industry , A class Act, Friday 8th April 20162016
29
Children today have their attention directed towards
television, internet, games, etc. and hence tuition
help them cope up with studies as well
 Private tutors can effectively deal with weak and
‘difficult to handle’ students, inspire them to study
hard and improve them
 In higher classes, the level of education also increases
and additional help to score better is also necessary,
specifically now when there is competition prevailing
in every field at a very young age
11/7/2016

30. The Nation, The tuition mafia, dated December 28, 2011
30
Private tutors can effectively deal with weak and
‘difficult to handle’ students, inspire them to study
hard and improve them.
 In higher classes, the level of education also
increases and additional help to score better is also
necessary, specifically now when there is
competition prevailing in every field at a very young
age.
11/7/2016

31. Arguments in favour of banning
The Dawn, Private Tuition a necessary evil, 8th January 2012
31
 It adds to the burden of the students, as they not only
receive home-works by school teachers but also from
their private tutors, hence leaving them with no or
less time for extra –curricular activities, which would help
them to refresh their mind
 Private tuitions are often expensive and cannot be paid
by all parents
 The standard of teaching in the classroom deteriorates, if
the teacher conducts private tuitions in the wake of
earning some extra bucks.
11/7/2016

32. Arguments in Favour of banning
The Dawn, Tuition Industry , A class Act, Friday 8th April 20162016
32
The standard of teaching in the classroom
deteriorates, if the teacher conducts private
tuitions in the wake of earning some extra bucks
 To prove the class of their private tuitions, they
may indulge in ‘practice test’ to help those
students help clear exams with distinction in
schools
11/7/2016

33. SWOT Analysis
Strength Weaknesses
 Large number of
Schools
 Internet Connectivity
 Poor Education Standard
 Different medium of
instructions
 High grade
consciousness
 Poor teaching faculty
 Parents increasing
obsession with better
grades
33
The Nation, The tuition mafia, dated December 28, 2011
11/7/2016

34. SWOT Analysis
Opportunities Threats
 Improvement in quality
of education
 Increase number of
schools
 E learning
 Regulating private tuition
 Crack down on poorly
trained teachers
 Discrimination between
rich and poor creating
further stratification
 Impact on education in
school
 Absenteeism from School
34
The Dawn, Tuition Industry , A class Act, Friday 8th April 20162016
11/7/2016

35. Issues for Policy Makers
http://www.dawn.com/news/765509/private-tuitions-just-an-easy-way-
out35
 Right to education is a fundamental right as per
Article 25A and how far we are successful
 Shortage of Government Schools and
proliferation of low quality private schools
 Registration and regulation of Private tuition
centers
 Poor teaching conditions force students to go
for private tuition
 Absenteeism of teachers from school during
working hours for private tuition
11/7/2016

36. Recommendations
36 11/7/2016

37. .
Admission of all Children of Government officers
and politicians in Government school at the
earliest.
 Implementation Strategy
Federal and Provincial Government legislate that
it would be compulsory for the children of
Government and Politicians to send their children
to Government School and in case of violation
disciplinary proceeding will be initiated against the
violators.
 Outcome
Improvement in standard of education will lower
dependence on private tuition and improve overall
quality of education in Government sector
37
The Nation, The tuition mafia, dated December 28, 2011
11/7/2016

38.  Recommendation 2
 Merit based induction of teachers both in
public and private schools be ensured to
improve quality of education
 Implementation Strategy
 IBA may be tasked to conduct test for
recruiting teachers
 Outcome
 Competent teachers will be enrolled and it
will ultimately lessen the dependence on
private tuition.
38
The Nation, The tuition mafia, dated December 28, 2011
11/7/2016

39.  Recommendation 3
To overcome charging of high fees, all tuition
centers be registered at Karachi rates may be
prescribed which may be charged
 Implementation Strategy
Education department with the help of NADRA
may registered all the tuition centers and fine
may be imposed in case tuition overcharge
from student
 Outcome
This measure will ensure that high fee is not
charged from students
39
The Dawn, Private Tuition- just an easy way out dated Nov
20,2012 11/7/2016

40.  Recommendation 4
Tuition centers may be allowed in respective
school as being done in case of Army doctors who
can do private practice in Army hospital. This
measure will ensure that teachers attend their
respective school during day time.
 Implementation Strategy
Administration of Government and Private Schools
may be directed by education department to
ensure implementation
 Outcome
Ease in regulation and control of tuition centers
and will also lessen the absenteeism of teachers
40
The Dawn, Private Tuition- just an easy way out dated Nov 20,2012
11/7/2016

41.  Recommendation 5
More Private Schools be opened in
Government Schools to cater to the demand
of 20M Population in Karachi
 Implementation Strategy
More budget be allocated at Provincial level to
increase number of school in Karachi
 Outcome
Increase in number of schools will definitely
lessen dependence on private schools
41
The Dawn, Private Tuition a necessary evil, 8th January 2012
11/7/2016

42. The Dawn, Tuition Industry , A class Act, Friday 8th April 20162016
42
 Recommendation 6
 Increase in salary of public and Private
teachers will discourage them to join tuition
centers and instead they will pay more
concentration in class.
 Implementation Strategy
 Law may be passed that salary of public and
private teachers will be enhanced
 Outcome
 Financial autonomy will lessen their focus on
tuitions
11/7/2016

43. The Dawn, Private Tuition- just an easy way out dated Nov 20,201243
 Recommendation 7
Crackdown on poorly qualified teachers
 Implementation strategy
Legislation may be passed that only better
qualified teachers are allowed to teach
children
 Outcome
Better understanding of subject by students
and sorting out poorly qualified teachers
11/7/2016

44. 11/7/2016
The Dawn, Private Tuition a necessary evil, 8th January 2012
44
 It is surprising to see that little policy attention has
been paid to what some academic now recognize as
third most important education sector.
 The option of giving ( for the teachers) and receiving
(for the students) tuition outside of normal school hour
change the incentives structure of the provision of
high quality instruction within the standard school
system which in turn has implication for equity and
social justice.

45. 11/7/2016
The Dawn, Tuition Industry , A class Act, Friday 8th April 20162016
45
 The relationship between private tutoring and
student achievement is also increasingly
gaining policy attention as it calls into question
the quality of schooling during schooling hour.
 In conclusion, poor facilities, outdated
curriculum, untrained, uninterested and
incompetent teachers are some factors which
needs to be addressed if we are serious in
lowering dependence on private tuition and
improve quality education

46. 46 11/7/2016