Language assessment is a systematic process of gathering information about a person's language abilities through various methods. It plays an important role in education and employment by providing valuable information about a test-taker's performance, progress, and abilities. There are different types of language assessments, including formative assessments designed to identify strengths and weaknesses during learning, and summative assessments used to formally evaluate learning at the end of a course. Principles of language assessment aim to ensure the tests are practical, reliable, valid, and authentic in measuring the intended language abilities.

1. UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS
"ESPE"
ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION
NRC: 18234
Nombre: Joselyn Matilde Zambrano Mero

2. Language assessment is a systematic
process of gathering information about
a person's language abilities. It plays a
crucial role in education, employment,
and various professional contexts. The
principles of language assessment are
designed to ensure fairness, validity,
reliability, and practicality.

3. Assessmen
t
Terminolog
y
• Negative Student Perception:
Students often perceive tests
negatively due to fear of
failure.
• Teacher Perspective: Tests are
a standard way for teachers to
gauge student learning.
• Importance of Context: Tests
should not be seen as
punishment but rather as a
part of the learning experience.

4. Provides valuable
information about
the test-taker's
performance,
progress, and
specific abilities.
Appraising or
estimating the level
of some attribute of
a person.
Involves various
actions by teachers
to measure students'
responses, actions,
performance, and
behavior.
Specific assessment
methods providing
information about
students' abilities
and knowledge in a
particular area.
Involves techniques,
procedures, or
items managed by
teachers; must be
explicit and well-
structured.

6. Spontaneous
measurement without
grading criteria, focusing
on identifying challenges
and providing constructive
feedback.
Structured measurement
with specific criteria, often
involving tests, quizzes,
and questionnaires.

7. • Formative Assessment: Ongoing
assessment to identify strengths
and weaknesses, guide learning,
and close gaps during the
teaching process.
• Summative Assessment: Formal
evaluation of student learning at
the end of a unit, course, or
program.

8. • Achievement Tests: Measure specific
abilities within a lesson, unit, or program;
can be formative or summative.
• Diagnostic Tests: Administered at the
beginning to identify skills that need
development.
• Placement Tests: Determine the
appropriate level for learners in a program
or curriculum.
• Proficiency Tests: Evaluate overall
language competence, not focusing on
specific skills.
• Aptitude Tests: Measure the
ability to learn a language,
predicting success in a course.

9. • Practicality: Concerned with the administrative
aspects of assessment, including cost, time, and
resource usage.
• Reliability: Focuses on the consistency of test
results, considering learner-related, inter-rater,
and test administration reliability.
• Validity: Ensures that a test measures what it
intends to measure, covering content-related,
criterion-related, and construct-related validity.
• Authenticity: Refers to the realism and relevance
of a test or assignment to real-world situations.
• Washback Effect: The impact of tests on
teaching practices, influencing how teachers
prepare students and shaping the learning
process