This document discusses aerosol therapy, which involves delivering medication to the body via inhalation in an aerosolized form through the airways. It notes that aerosol deposition in the body is dependent on both aerosol factors like particle size and patient factors like age, breathing pattern, and airway geometry. The most important factor is the size of the particles, with smaller particles below 5 microns being best for deposition in the lungs. Delivering aerosol therapy to infants and small children is most challenging due to their small airways and variable breathing patterns. The benefits of aerosol therapy include high local drug effects, lower doses needed, and minimal systemic side effects. Common aerosol delivery systems

1. Overview

2. WHAT IS AEROSOL
SUSPENSION OF A LIQUID
OR SOLID PARTICLES IN A
CARRIER GAS

3. AEROSOL THERAPY
DELIVERY OF THE DRUG TO
THE BODY VIA THE AIRWAYS
BY DELIVERING IT IN AN
AEROSOLISED FORM

4. MECHANISM
OF AEROSOL
DEPOSITION

6. DETERMINANTS
OF AEROSOL
DEPOSITION

7. AEROSOL FACTORS
PARTICLE SIZE (MMAD)
PARTICLE SHAPE
PARTICLE VELOCITY
HYGROSCOPIC PROPERTIES
SUSPENSION VS SOLUTION

8. PATIENT FACTORS
AGE
INSPIRATORY FLOW RATE,VOLUME
BREATHING PATTERN
BREATH HOLDING
NASAL VS MOUTH BREATHING
UPPER AND LOWER AIRWAY GEOMETRY
&PATHOLOGY

9. MOST IMPORTANT - SIZE OF PARTICLE
<5 MICRONS -- BEST TO NEGOTIATE
<1 MICRONS -- DON’T HAVE ENOUGH
TIME TO SETTLE

10. MOST CHALLENGING…
ACHIEVING SUCCESSFUL AEROSOL DELIVERY IN INFANTS
AND SMALL CHILDREN BECAUSE
 SMALL UPPER AND LOWER AIRWAYS
 FAST BREATHING RATES
 LOWER INHALED VOLUMES
 VARIABLE BREATHING PATTERNS DEPENDING ON SLEEP
STATE AND DEGREE OF HEALTH
 INFANTS ARE NASAL BREATHERS
 CRYING DURING AEROSOL ADMINISTRATION

11. BENEFITS
 HIGH LOCAL EFFECT
 LOWER DOSE
 RAPID ONSET OF ACTION
 MINIMUM SYSTEMIC SIDE
EFFECTS

12. MOST COMMON AEROSOL DELIVERY SYSTEMS
 PRESSURIZED METERED DOSE INHALERS
(MDI)
 DRY POWDER INHALERS (DPI)
 NEBULIZERS

13. THANK YOU
DR SHAHANA PARVIN S