A look at the Contingent Workforce Environment in AsiaSameer Srivastava
Shares overview of the current contingent workforce scenario in China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Japan, Singapore and South Korea. Has details on Contingent Workforce Regulations and demographic details which include legal, GDP, languages and information on the major industries.
As per PTU Syllabus: Entrepreneurship and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Small scale industry, product range, capital investment, ownership patterns -Importance and role played by SSI in the development of the Indian economy - Problems faced by SSI’s and the steps taken to solve the problems - Policies governing SSI’s.
AIS 2102 Legal Framework of Trade UnionismPreeti Sikder
Learning Outcome: After completion of this lesson, students will be able to -
a) define workers and trade unions;
b) identify the statutory and constitutional framework of trade unions in Bangladesh,
c) identify unfair labour practices on part of employers and workers
Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) of Bangladeshestiaqur
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs; sometimes also small and medium enterprises) or small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) are businesses whose personnel numbers fall below certain limits. SMEs are also said to be responsible for driving innovation and competition in many economic sectors.
In Bangladesh, SMEs including micro enterprises comprise over 99 per cent of all industrial units, contributing over 85 per cent of industrial employment. 81 thousand SMEs all together constitute more than 93 per cent of the total 10+ units. Again, focusing on the 10+ units, small units contribute to 35 per cent of the employment, followed by medium and large units comprising 8.8 and 56.0 per cent respectively. In other words, SMEs employ 1.3 million people, constituting 44 percent of employment generated by 10+ units.
Initiate by BCCI, Kolkata to recognise the effort and contribution of Entrepreneurs at Bengal to the State's Economy, thus encouraging them in their individual ventures & motivating them for further growth
State Absenteeism in India's Reverse Migration? A Comparison with the Chinese...HKUST IEMS
A Didar Singh (Indian Administrative Service - IAS) and David Zweig (HKUST) - State Absenteeism in India's Reverse Migration? A Comparison with the Chinese Experience.
Impediments and Inducements to Youth Entrepreneurship Development in Sylhet R...IOSRJBM
The purpose of this paper is to explore and identify the key impediments and constraints that obstruct young people from starting and running a new venture and at the same time, inducements and stimuli that trigger youths to entrepreneurial activities. Data were collected from 80 young entrepreneurs of Sylhet, Bangladesh through a questionnaire gleaned from the literature review following a convenience and purposive sampling technique. Findings revealed, insufficient personal savings, high interest rate, and negative attitude of financial institutions to young entrepreneurs due to high default rate are the major impediments to obtaining start-up fund, being their own boss and earning more money are the prime inducements to engage in business. Parents and teachers influenced most to start business while financial risk reported as the most critical demotivator. Managing fund and fierce competition are main problems in running the business successfully. Lack of vocational education and training and inappropriate and inadequate curriculum and study programs are the key educational constraints, unsupportive tax regulations, complex business registration procedure are the leading administrative and regulatory barriers, dearth of information on available business support services and lack of training and business counseling are the major impediments of business support services. The implications of the study bear far-reaching ramifications to the concerned stakeholders for facilitating and encouraging youth entrepreneurship development by addressing the start-up constraints and problems
A look at the Contingent Workforce Environment in AsiaSameer Srivastava
Shares overview of the current contingent workforce scenario in China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Japan, Singapore and South Korea. Has details on Contingent Workforce Regulations and demographic details which include legal, GDP, languages and information on the major industries.
As per PTU Syllabus: Entrepreneurship and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Small scale industry, product range, capital investment, ownership patterns -Importance and role played by SSI in the development of the Indian economy - Problems faced by SSI’s and the steps taken to solve the problems - Policies governing SSI’s.
AIS 2102 Legal Framework of Trade UnionismPreeti Sikder
Learning Outcome: After completion of this lesson, students will be able to -
a) define workers and trade unions;
b) identify the statutory and constitutional framework of trade unions in Bangladesh,
c) identify unfair labour practices on part of employers and workers
Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) of Bangladeshestiaqur
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs; sometimes also small and medium enterprises) or small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) are businesses whose personnel numbers fall below certain limits. SMEs are also said to be responsible for driving innovation and competition in many economic sectors.
In Bangladesh, SMEs including micro enterprises comprise over 99 per cent of all industrial units, contributing over 85 per cent of industrial employment. 81 thousand SMEs all together constitute more than 93 per cent of the total 10+ units. Again, focusing on the 10+ units, small units contribute to 35 per cent of the employment, followed by medium and large units comprising 8.8 and 56.0 per cent respectively. In other words, SMEs employ 1.3 million people, constituting 44 percent of employment generated by 10+ units.
Initiate by BCCI, Kolkata to recognise the effort and contribution of Entrepreneurs at Bengal to the State's Economy, thus encouraging them in their individual ventures & motivating them for further growth
State Absenteeism in India's Reverse Migration? A Comparison with the Chinese...HKUST IEMS
A Didar Singh (Indian Administrative Service - IAS) and David Zweig (HKUST) - State Absenteeism in India's Reverse Migration? A Comparison with the Chinese Experience.
Impediments and Inducements to Youth Entrepreneurship Development in Sylhet R...IOSRJBM
The purpose of this paper is to explore and identify the key impediments and constraints that obstruct young people from starting and running a new venture and at the same time, inducements and stimuli that trigger youths to entrepreneurial activities. Data were collected from 80 young entrepreneurs of Sylhet, Bangladesh through a questionnaire gleaned from the literature review following a convenience and purposive sampling technique. Findings revealed, insufficient personal savings, high interest rate, and negative attitude of financial institutions to young entrepreneurs due to high default rate are the major impediments to obtaining start-up fund, being their own boss and earning more money are the prime inducements to engage in business. Parents and teachers influenced most to start business while financial risk reported as the most critical demotivator. Managing fund and fierce competition are main problems in running the business successfully. Lack of vocational education and training and inappropriate and inadequate curriculum and study programs are the key educational constraints, unsupportive tax regulations, complex business registration procedure are the leading administrative and regulatory barriers, dearth of information on available business support services and lack of training and business counseling are the major impediments of business support services. The implications of the study bear far-reaching ramifications to the concerned stakeholders for facilitating and encouraging youth entrepreneurship development by addressing the start-up constraints and problems
Social Studies Chapter 5 Why is there Greater Diversity in Singapore NowGoh Bang Rui
Subscribe to my education channel.
bit.ly/gohbangrui
These slides introduce Chapter 5: Why is there Greater Diversity in Singapore Now under Issue 2: Living in a Diverse Society to the Secondary 3 students who are studying Social Studies for the Singapore current syllabus 2016.
These slides are divided into 3 areas.
1. Immigration Policy [Slide 4]
2. Economic Opportunities [Slide 24]
3. Socio-cultural Environment [Slide 47]
Video
Part 1
https://youtu.be/noEFxIBPNrU
Part 2
https://youtu.be/Vp2SSDIdYro
Any feedback is welcome.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
5. Singapore has always adopted an “open-door” policy, welcoming
talented, highly qualified and highly skilled foreigners to work and
live in Singapore.
Over the years, increasing affluence of Singaporeans has resulted
in acute manpower shortages in certain sectors of the economy, as
they reject jobs
- considered to be dirty
- of low status
- requiring shift work
- which pay poorly
Thus, in the last 2 decades, semi-skilled and even unskilled
foreigners have been recruited to fill these job vacancies.
6. Foreigners who wish to take up employment
or do business in Singapore must have a
valid Work Pass.
There are 3 types of Work Passes:
- Employment Pass
- S-Pass
- Work Permit
7. Employment Pass
A foreigner holding acceptable degrees, professional
qualifications or specialist skills and is offered a
professional, administrative, executive or managerial
position with a monthly basic salary of above S$2,500 can
apply for an Employment Pass.
A P1 Pass will be issued if the applicant‟s monthly basic
salary is more than S$7,000.
A P2 Pass will be issued if the applicant‟s monthly basic
salary is more than S$3,500 and up to S$7,000.
A Q1 Pass will be issued if the applicant‟s monthly basic
salary is more than S$2,500. The EntrePass is an Employment Pass for a foreigner
who is ready to start a new company or business in
Singapore.
8. S Pass
This category is created to increase the flexibility
and responsiveness of the foreign manpower
framework to meet the needs of the industries for
skilled manpower at the middle level.
Examples of middle level skilled manpower are
specialized workers and technicians.
S Pass is issued to a foreigner who is offered a
job with a monthly basic salary of S$1,800.
Assessment of eligibility is on a point system –
based on a multiple of criteria, such as salary,
educational qualifications, skills, job type and
work experience.
9. Work Permit
Unskilled or semi-skilled foreigners who wish to
work in Singapore must apply for Work Permits in
accordance with the Employment of Foreign
Workers Act. Work Permits are generally issued to foreigners
with monthly basic salaries of not more than
S$1,800.
The non-construction sector comprises the
service, manufacturing, town council conservancy
services, grass-cutting services and marine
sectors.
They are issued according to industrial sectors
such as the construction, non-construction and
domestic sectors.
10. Foreigners who take up employment or do business in Singapore must
have valid Work Passes.
Their stay in Singapore is governed by the Employment of Foreign
Workers Act (Chapter 91A) and the Immigration Act (Chapter 133).
Under the Employment of Foreign Workers Act, employers can be
charged for illegally employing or illegally deploying a foreign worker
Under the Employment of Foreign Workers Act, a foreigner who is found
guilty of being in the employment of an employer without a valid Work
Pass shall be liable on conviction to:
(a) a fine not exceeding S$5,000; or
(b) imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months; or
(c) both.
11. Rioting
• Caning and imprisonment of up to 5
years.
• Caning and imprisonment of up to 7
years if weapons are used.
12. Factors Influencing Riots
• A complex cobweb of factors rooting from the
government resulted in the riot.
• The whole situation served as a medium to
the workers to vent out their anger and long
suppressed emotions.
• A bus driver knocked down a civilian and
friends of the victim got angry and eventually
a riot started comprising of over 400 people.
• To start, the blue collar workers from China,
India and Bangladesh are living in a pitiful
sight.
• The govt and the employers of these workers
are exploiting them through cheap labour and
poor working and living conditions.
13. • They constitute over a third of the total labour force but
yet aren‟t seen as the part of a wider community.
• They are not included in the national consciousness.
• Liberal labour policies make it difficult for the MOM to
keep track of the workers and their employers.
• Employers easily take advantage of these workers as
they are in a new environment, less educated and can
be threatened and cheated on easily.
• The frustration comes up from the high expenses of
living in Singapore and their less wages which leaves
very less money for them to send back home.
• Their visas impose very strict limitations on their freedom
and they are grossly underpaid by their employers
despite of working hard endlessly.
• No form of minimum wage exists is Singapore.
• Anger builds up in the people due to the injustice they
14. • Rioters believe in “Strength through Unity”.
• The „Xenophobic‟ behaviour of the Singaporeans
added to their frustration for long.
• Twitter showed that the workers are seen as
outsiders and they should be grateful for being
in Singapore.
• In fact, a large no. Of Singaporeans have never
heard the voices of those who clean the city‟s
drains.
• Low fertility rate causes a gap in the labour
industry.
• Wages have not been increased much in the last
decade whereas the expenses have increased
manifolds which leads to the low fertility rate.
15. • The Singaporeans fail to understand that the
cause of problems are not the foreigners but the
policies.
• Foreign workers have been doing most of the
dirty and difficult jobs of Singapore and yet go
unnoticed.
• Restructured labour laws could have prevented
jobs being taken away from the Singaporeans .
• A better education system will also serve in
protecting the interests of the Singaporeans .
• A local NGO (TWC2) has been working since
long to raise the profile of these migrant workers.
• The NGO‟s website features many stories of
foreign workers who suffered at the hands of
16.
17. Psychological Effect:
ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION
• Assuming that alcohol was a major contributing factor to
the riots, a ban was imposed on public alcohol
consumption in Little India
• The ban prohibits sale of alcohol on public holidays and
beyond the timings of 6am-8pm for the 6 month duration
• Researchers have tried to explain theories of drug
consumption and the risky behaviours shown by the
consumers
• Alcohol disrupts the mental balance, affects thoughts,
feelings and actions and sometimes even long term
mental health
• A drink can help people in feeling more confident and
less anxious but as the consumption increases, adverse
effects start showing up
• High level of alcohol intake may even result in a negative
18. Psychological Effect: ANGER
MANAGEMENT• Recent figures showed more than 240,000 work permit
holders are present in Singapore construction industry from
Bangladesh, India and China
• The workers work for ungodly hours and some even face
while collecting their small wages
• They are made to live and work in very poor conditions
• The workers were expected to support their families
monetarily and educate their kids well but their small wages
leave them with nothing but frustration
• The living expenses in Singapore are already very high and
the low wages of the workers are not enough to support even
them, let alone their families
• In frustration, the human body releases various stress
hormones which result in increased blood pressure,
breathing rate and heart rate
19. Group Aggression
• Goldstein (2002)
– Mob, a group of people acts illegally and
violently under strong emotional conditions
– De-individuation, losing one‟s sense of
individuality or separateness from others and
becoming submerged in a group
– Alcohol intoxication, act overconfidently and
carelessly, lose awareness of their surroundings
or react violently to people they perceive as
offensive
Source:
http://ke
vinmills
martialar
tsexpert.
com/tag
/group-
aggressi
on/
20. Public Fears
• Foreign workers
–employment opportunities
–the stereotype from others
–Foreign workers + alcohol = Trouble
Makers ?
• Singaporeans
–safety image
–Little India is unsafe
21. The Cost
• Physical Injury Cost
– 9 polices, 4 civil defenses and auxiliary officers were
injured
• Properties Damage
– Twenty-five emergency vehicles were damaged
– $14,000
• Financial Cost
– 134 stores, such as liquor shop and convenience
stores, restaurants, hotels, pubs and coffee shops
– Ferry service in Little India ($42,000 previously)
– half the number of scheduled buses and stop
operating two hours earlier than previously
22.
23. • Murphy (2002) - the riot : 1964
• Race riots between Chinese group and Malay groups.
• Located at the Padang, Singapore.
• 212 Muslim organizations in the rally.
• Reports: 23 people were killed 454 people were injured
• The race riot in 1964 last for 11 days
• The Malaysian Deputy Prime Minister: Tun Abdul Razak
blamed the ethnic group of Indonesian and Communist
(Murphy, 2002).
• Other contributing factor: PAP, Singapore and UMNO, Malaysia;
relations were extremely strained.
• The aftermath: serious level of racial tension.
• The fear of more riots / violence; expelling Singapore from the
Federation of Malaysia in 1965.
• Arrests made under the influence of Internal Security Acts
(ISA).
24. Future Preventions
• Increase awareness
• Target group
– Foreign workers
• Crowd control
– understand the reason of the gathering
– presentation of police
– any suspicious event occurs should be identified
immediately and remove as soon as possible