Prednisone is a member of the corticosteroid drug class. The effects of prednisone are thought to be anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic, and vasoconstrictive.
Prednisone has been approved for treating and managing episodes of blood issues, arthritis, cancer, immune system issues, eye diseases, respiratory issues, allergies, etc. as well as reducing their symptoms.
An update on the treatment of glomerulonephritisaApollo Hospitals
Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a common cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Some of these entities are responsive to immunosuppressive agents and other therapies. There have been recent advances in the treatment options, notably the benefit shown with the use of rituximab in some forms of GN. Moreover, the KDIGO guideline on the management of glomerulonephritis has recently been published which has consolidated the available evidence on the management of this heterogeneous group of disorders. Though there are significant risks and side-effects involved, the treatment of some of the forms of GN can be very gratifying while others progress relentlessly to ESRD. This review summarizes some of the key recommendations from the KDIGO guideline along with a brief discussion of the supporting evidence.
This is A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial arrhythmias and tachycardias,
This PPT covers: Introduction, Generic Name/Trade name, Mechanism of Action, Pharmacological class, Pharmacodynamics, Metabolism, therapeutic uses, Dosage, Adverse Effect, Precautions & Drug interaction and Contraindication
This PPT Under supervisors Drs in FUE Pharmacy
Written By a Pharmacy Student Ahmed Yehia Abu El-Naga
Prednisone is a member of the corticosteroid drug class. The effects of prednisone are thought to be anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic, and vasoconstrictive.
Prednisone has been approved for treating and managing episodes of blood issues, arthritis, cancer, immune system issues, eye diseases, respiratory issues, allergies, etc. as well as reducing their symptoms.
An update on the treatment of glomerulonephritisaApollo Hospitals
Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a common cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Some of these entities are responsive to immunosuppressive agents and other therapies. There have been recent advances in the treatment options, notably the benefit shown with the use of rituximab in some forms of GN. Moreover, the KDIGO guideline on the management of glomerulonephritis has recently been published which has consolidated the available evidence on the management of this heterogeneous group of disorders. Though there are significant risks and side-effects involved, the treatment of some of the forms of GN can be very gratifying while others progress relentlessly to ESRD. This review summarizes some of the key recommendations from the KDIGO guideline along with a brief discussion of the supporting evidence.
This is A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial arrhythmias and tachycardias,
This PPT covers: Introduction, Generic Name/Trade name, Mechanism of Action, Pharmacological class, Pharmacodynamics, Metabolism, therapeutic uses, Dosage, Adverse Effect, Precautions & Drug interaction and Contraindication
This PPT Under supervisors Drs in FUE Pharmacy
Written By a Pharmacy Student Ahmed Yehia Abu El-Naga
This slide contains in-dept knowledge about prescribing in geriatric patients. Steps how to overcome polypharmacy and how to increase medication adherence in geriatrics. It also tells about geriatrics care. Examples of case studies are also included.
Deflazacort 6mg tablets smpc taj pharmaceuticalsTaj Pharma
Deflazacort Taj Pharma : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Deflazacort Dosage & Rx Info | Deflazacort Uses, Side Effects -: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Deflazacort - Drug Information - Taj Pharma, Deflazacort dose Taj pharmaceuticals Deflazacort interactions, Taj Pharmaceutical Deflazacort contraindications, Deflazacort price, Deflazacort Taj Pharma Deflazacort 6mg Tablets SMPC- Taj Pharma . Stay connected to all updated on Deflazacort Taj Pharmaceuticals Taj pharmaceuticals Hyderabad.
This slide contains in-dept knowledge about prescribing in geriatric patients. Steps how to overcome polypharmacy and how to increase medication adherence in geriatrics. It also tells about geriatrics care. Examples of case studies are also included.
Deflazacort 6mg tablets smpc taj pharmaceuticalsTaj Pharma
Deflazacort Taj Pharma : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Deflazacort Dosage & Rx Info | Deflazacort Uses, Side Effects -: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Deflazacort - Drug Information - Taj Pharma, Deflazacort dose Taj pharmaceuticals Deflazacort interactions, Taj Pharmaceutical Deflazacort contraindications, Deflazacort price, Deflazacort Taj Pharma Deflazacort 6mg Tablets SMPC- Taj Pharma . Stay connected to all updated on Deflazacort Taj Pharmaceuticals Taj pharmaceuticals Hyderabad.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
2. Baxdrostat for Treatment-Resistant
Hypertension
Mechanism of Action - Aldosterone synthase controls the synthesis of
aldosterone and has been a pharmacologic target for the treatment of
hypertension for several decades. Baxdrostat acts by inhibiting Aldosterone
Synthase. Baxdrostat significantly decreases aldosterone in plasma and urine,
while increasing plasma renin as a physiological compensatory change. These
changes in aldosterone and renin following treatment with baxdrostat reflect less
salt exposure to the kidney and reduced blood pressure over time.
Advantages - Selective inhibition of aldosterone synthase is essential but difficult
to achieve because cortisol synthesis is catalyzed by another enzyme that shares
93% sequence similarity with aldosterone synthase. In preclinical and phase 1
studies, baxdrostat had 100:1 selectivity for enzyme inhibition, and baxdrostat at
several dose levels reduced plasma aldosterone levels but not cortisol levels.
3. Dosing- Dose-dependent changes in systolic blood pressure of −20.3 mm Hg,
−17.5 mm Hg, −12.1 mm Hg, and −9.4 mm Hg were observed in the 2-mg, 1-mg,
0.5-mg, and placebo groups, respectively.
Adverse Effects - Baxdrostat was well tolerated with no serious adverse events
deemed related to treatment, Freeman reported. A total of 18 serious adverse
events occurred in 10 patients, 6 of which were in a patient with urosepsis.
Adverse events of special interest occurred in eight patients, including
hyponatremia, and hyperkalemia.
4. Finerenone in patients with diabetic kidney
disease
Mechanism of Action - Finerenone , a first-in-class, orally administered,
selective, nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA), is
being for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and heart failure
(HF), including chronic HF (CHF).
Finerenone has been approved in the USA to reduce the risk of sustained
estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline, end stage renal disease
(ESRD), cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), and
hospitalization for HF in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD)
associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
5. Advantages -Patients with kidney disease, would originally be given
spironolactone or epleronone to antagonize the mineraclocorticoid
receptor. spironolactone has low selectivity and affinity for the receptor; it
dissociates quickly and can also have effects at the androgen, progesterone, and
glucocorticoid receptors. Epleronone is more selective and has longer lasting
effects. More selective nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid antagonists such as
finerenone were later developed. Finerenone was at least as effective as
spironolactone 25 or 50 mg/d in decreasing biomarkers of hemodynamic stress,
but it was associated with significantly smaller mean increases in serum
potassium concentration than spironolactone (0.04–0.30 and 0.45 mmol/L,
respectively; P<0.001 to P=0.01) and lower incidences of hyperkalemia
Adverse effects-
>10% Hyperkalemia (18.3%)
1-10%Hypotension (4.8%),Hyponatremia (1.4%)
6. Dosing –
Starting dose
Determine starting dose by eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2)
eGFR ≥60: 20 mg PO qDay
eGFR 25-60: 10 mg PO qDay
eGFR <25: Not recommended
Increase dosage after 4 weeks to the target dose of 20 mg qDay based on
eGFR and serum potassium thresholds
7. Zavegepant for acute treatment of
migraine in adults
Mechanism of Action - Several calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)
receptor antagonists are available by oral formulation for acute migraine
treatment. Zavegepant is the first CGRP-receptor antagonist to be
approved for intranasal administration .
In a trial of 1405 adult patients with migraine, those assigned to
zavegepant 10 mg were more likely to be pain free at two hours than
patients assigned to placebo ; resolution of the most bothersome acute
symptom (eg, photophobia, nausea) was also more common with
zavegepant.
Nasal administration of a CGRP-receptor antagonist provides rapid
absorption and may be preferred for patients with nausea/vomiting who
are unable to tolerate oral options.
8. Adverse Reactions: Most common adverse reactions were taste disorders
including dysgeusia and ageusia, nausea , nasal discomfort , and vomiting.
Warnings and Precautions: Hypersensitivity reactions, including facial
swelling and urticaria, have occurred. If a hypersensitivity reaction occurs,
discontinue and initiate appropriate therapy.
9. ACG Releases New Gastroparesis
Guidelines for Diagnosis, Management
The chronic symptoms associated with gastroparesis include postprandial
fullness, nausea, vomiting, and upper abdominal pain.
After exclusion of mechanical obstruction, several tests are available to
objectively document the presence of delayed gastric emptying. The gold
standard is scintigraphic assessment, which includes appraising the
emptying of a solid meal over a duration of 3 hours or more.
In patients with idiopathic and diabetic gastroparesis, pharmacologic
treatment should be considered to improve symptoms, based on the
benefits and risks of treatment.
10. The guidelines suggest treatment with metoclopramide over no treatment for
management of refractory symptoms. Metoclopramide is the only US Food and
Drug Administration (FDA)–approved medication for the treatment of
gastroparesis. The FDA has warned about the risk for side effects, including
tardive dyskinesia, particularly among high-risk groups such as older women,
patients with diabetes, patients with liver or kidney failure, and patients receiving
antipsychotic drug therapy. Newer trials with the intranasal formulation show
that the most common adverse effects are dysgeusia, headache, and fatigue.
Domperidone is available for gastroparesis treatment under a special FDA
program. In clinical trials, domperidone has been associated with symptom
improvement, as well as a reduction in the frequency and intensity of symptoms.
Prokinetic agents, such as 5-HT4, have shown symptomatic benefit in clinical
trials, though the data were inconsistent. Generally, the guidelines recommend
treatment over no treatment to improve gastric emptying.
Motilin agonists, which include erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin,
are generally used for short-term treatment (1-4 weeks) owing to development
of tachyphylaxis.
11. Updates in Clinical Practice Guidelines for
Lyme Disease
Lyme disease is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and rarely,
Borrelia mayonii. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected
blacklegged ticks.
Flulike illness - Fever, chills, malaise, myalgias, arthralgia, headache Tender
local adenopathy (local, not diffuse),Erythema migrans (EM) - Rash
We all know that the best way to treat any disease is by preventing it. The
following measures are recommended as tools to prevent infection:
personal protective wear, repellents, and removal of the attached tick.
Recommended repellents include DEET, picaridin, IR3535, oil of lemon,
eucalyptus, para-Menthane-3,8-diol (PMD), and permethrin. If a tick is
found, it should be removed promptly by mechanical measures, such as
with tweezers.
12. Following a high-risk tick bite, adults and children can be given prophylactic
antibiotics within 72 hours. It is not helpful for low-risk bites.
If the risk level is uncertain, it is better to observe before giving antibiotics.
For adults, a single 200-mg dose of doxycycline can be given. In children, 4.4 mg per
kg of body weight, up to 200 mg max, can be used for those under 45 kg.
For patients with a tick exposure and erythema migrans, a clinical diagnosis of Lyme
disease can be made without further testing. If the clinical presentation is not typical,
it is recommended to do an antibody test on an acute phase serum sample followed
by a convalescent serum sample in 2-3 weeks if the initial test is negative.
Recommended antibiotics for treatment include doxycycline for 10 days or
amoxicillin or cefuroxime for 14 days. If a patient is unable to take these,
azithromycin may be used for 7 days.