The document presents an overview of measures of central tendency, including the mean, median, and mode, and their significance in statistics. It explains how to calculate each measure, along with the advantages and disadvantages of using mode. The conclusion emphasizes that these measures help identify the central value of a data set.

1. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON
MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY
Presented by : Preeti

2. INTRODUCTION
• In statistics, a central tendency is a central value
or a typical value for a probability distribution.
• The most common measures of central tendency
are the arithmetic mean, the median and the
mode..

3. Importance of Central Tendency
• 1. To find representative value
• 2. To make more concise data.
• 3. To make comparisons.
• 4.Helpful in further statistical
analysis.

4. MEAN
• The mean of a set of values or measurements is
the sum of all the measurements divided by the
number of measurements in the set.
• It is sometimes called the arithmetic mean..

5. Mean for ungrouped data
• If we get the mean of the sample, we call it the
sample mean.
Sample mean= Sum of all the values in the sample
Number of values in the sample

6. Methods of measuring Arithmetic
Mean
• 1. Direct Method
• 2 . Shortcut Method
• 3. Step deviation method

7. MEDIAN
• The median , is the middle value of the sample when
the data are ranked in order according to size.
• For ungrouped data median calculated as:
Median=Size of (N+1/2) th term
For grouped data median calculated as:
Median=L1+ N/2-cf/fx i

8. MODE
• The mode is the value which occur
most frequently in a set of
measurements or values…. In other
wordsit is the most popular value in
the given set.
• Mode=L+fn-f1/(fn-f1)+ (fn-f2)*h

9. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
OF MODE
ADVANTAGES
• Mode is readily
comprehensible and easily
calculated.
• It is the best
representative of data.
• It is not at all affected by
extreme value.
• The value of mode can
also be determined
graphically.
DISADVANTAGES
• It is not based on all
observations.
• It is not capable of
further mathematical
manipulation.
• Mode is affected to a
great extent by sampling
fluctuations.

10. CONCLUSION
• A measure of central tendency is a measure that
tells us where the middle of a bunch of data
lies.
• Mean is the most common measure of central
tendency
• Median is the number present in the middle when the
number in a set of data are arranged in ascending or
descending order.

11. THANKYOU…