Emotional disturbances are characterized by physical, communication, behavioral, and academic issues as well as hyperactivity. Symptoms include depression, anxiety, fatigue, appetite and sleep problems, and poor self-image or suicidal thoughts. While heredity, brain disorders, diet, and family functioning have been hypothesized as causes, research has not shown any single direct cause. Emotional disturbance is defined by an inability to learn, build relationships, exhibit appropriate behavior or mood, according to IDEA. Teachers, parents, and policymakers can help by setting clear expectations, maintaining a positive learning environment, providing meaningful learning experiences, consulting professionals, and recognizing students' positive qualities.