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The International Standard of Training Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers of 1978 was adopted by the IMO in 1978 but did not take effect until 1984 due to slow acceptance by member states. By 1992 it had been ratified by many governments. A complete revision was deemed necessary and signed in April 1995 as STCW-78/95 in response to this need. The revised agreement established modern international standards for the training, certification and watchkeeping of seafarers.





