This document provides information about the present simple tense in English. It discusses that the present simple is the fundamental tense, is commonly used, and exists in every language. It then explains how to form positive and negative sentences and ask questions in the present simple. It gives examples of its usage for repeated actions, general truths, permanent actions, and timetables/schedules. Finally, it lists common adverbs used with the present simple and question words.

1. Department of Languages
Tec hnical University of Košice
Present Simple
Mgr. Soňa Polakovičová

2. Present Simple
Present Simple
Important facts
- The fundamental tense in English.
- Commonly used.
- Exists in every language.
- Without it you can´t learn anything else in English.

3. Present Simple
I Positive sentence
 Subject + verb + object
 I travel to work by bus.
 3rd person singular - Add “s“ to the verb
 She travels to work by bus.
 Exceptions:
 Verbs ending in“y“after a consonant – change y to i and add –
es
 I cry – she cries BUT! I play – he plays
 Verbs ending in “o“ – add “es“
 I go – he goes
 Verbs ending in “ss“, “sh“, “ch“ or “x“ take on –es
 kiss – kisses, wash – washes, watch – watches, mix – he mixes

4. Present Simple
II Negative sentence
We use auxiliary (helping) words “do not“ and “does not“
I like chocolate – I do not (don´t) like chocolate.
We watch TV every evening – We don´t watch TV every evening.
3rd person singular
Emma likes pop songs - Emma does not (doesn´t) like pop songs.
He knows many people – He doesn´t know many people.

5. Simple Present
III Question
We again use “do“ and “does“
I like cars.
Do you like cars?
Yes, I do.
No, I don´t.
3rd person singular
She likes cars.
Does she like cars?
Yes, she does.
No, she doesn´t.

6. Simple Present
Usage
1) Repeated actions
I go to the gym every Friday.
Every morning I have a big breakfast.
2) General truths
The moon goes around the earth.
Cats like milk.
(They don´t have to be true, but we claim them to be):
Politicians are greedy.

7. Present Simple
3) Permanent actions
My mother works in a post office.
We are students.
Our grandparents have three cats.
4) Timetables, schedules
The train to Toronto leaves at eight a.m.
Our film starts at seven.

8. Present Simple
 Adverbs commonly used with Present Simple
 Always
 Often
 Sometimes
 Occasionally
 Rarely
 Seldom
 Never
 Every... (day, morning, summer, year, etc.)
 It stands before the verb - I often go.., she never reads..
 If used with “to be“, it stands after it – I am never late, she is
sometimes tired.

9. Present Simple
Question words used with Present Simple
When..?
Why..?
Where..?
Who..?
What..?
Which..?
How..?
They stand at the beginning of the sentence.

10. Present Simple
 Revision
 Translate these sentences:
 Nepracujem v banke.
 Máš rád deti?
 Nehovorím po francúzsky.
 Pochádzame z Ázie.
 Moja sestra nikdy neraňajkuje.
 Čo robievaš cez víkendy?
 Talk about your daily routine.
 What do you do with your mobile phone?

11. Thank you for your attention