The document discusses the uses of the present perfect tense in English: 1) It is used to describe recent events without a definite time period, often using time expressions like "just", "recently", or "lately". 2) It expresses personal experiences that have occurred at an unspecified time, using expressions like "ever" and "never". 3) It describes actions that began in the past and continue in the present without a specified time period, using expressions like "for" and "since".

2. 1) Recent events: It is used to describe recent
events without a definite time. The ideia of
time and place in the speaker’s mind makes
the event recent. A time expression may
emphasize recentness: JUST, RECENTLY,
LATELY.
Why are they so happy?
They have just won a prize, so they are really
pleased.

3. 2) Personal experiences: It is used to express
personal experiences, there is not a definite
time given. The time expressions EVER and
NEVER are often used with this meaning.
Has she ever studied French?
I have never been to Japan.
Have you ever been to Scotland?

4. 3) It is used to express actions that started in
the past and continue to the present, the time
period is not finished. We use FOR and SINCE
with this meaning.
Remember that we use FOR with periods of
time and SINCE with points of time.
I have worked here for 2 years.
How long have you been in this room for?

5. * When we mention the time which the action
happened, we must use the past simple.
I went to Paris last summer.
Did you come to school yesterday?
* Whilst we do not use definite time
expressions with the Present Perfect.
I have been to France three times.
She has eaten Japanese food.

6. Mary has bought a new car.
She bought a new car last week.
Have you met Mr. Brown?
Yes, I met him when I came to school.
My parents have been to India.
My parents went to India last year.
Has anybody phoned you?
Someone phoned me yesterday morning.

7. * He has been to London.
(Now he is here. He can tell us wonderful
stories about London)
* He has been in London for 2 weeks.
(He is still in London)
* Where’s she? She has gone to London.
(She is not here)