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What is
Trigonometr
y?
of
ics that
h the
s and
ns of
ociated
es. 01
m
word
ns
nd
hich
02
03
04
What is
Trigonomet
ry?
•a branch of
Mathematics that
deals with the
properties and
applications of
ratios associated
with angles. 01
m
word
ns
nd
hich
02
03
04
What is
Trigonomet
ry?
•a branch of
Mathematics that
deals with the
properties and
applications of
ratios associated
with angles. 01
•it came from
the Greek word
“trigonon”
which means
“triangle” and
“metron” which
means
“measure”.
02
03
04
What is
Trigonomet
ry?
•a branch of
Mathematics that
deals with the
properties and
applications of
ratios associated
with angles. 01
•it came from
the Greek word
“trigonon”
which means
“triangle” and
“metron” which
means
“measure”.
02
•literally, it
means
measurement
of triangles.
03
04
What is
Trigonomet
ry?
•a branch of
Mathematics that
deals with the
properties and
applications of
ratios associated
with angles. 01
•it came from
the Greek word
“trigonon”
which means
“triangle” and
“metron” which
means
“measure”.
02
•literally, it
means
measurement
of triangles.
03
•Hipparchus of
Nicaea is the
founder of
Trigonometry.
04
Two Types of Trigonometry
PLANE
TRIGONOMETRY-
studies the
properties of
triangle on a plane
and its two
dimensional.
Two Types of Trigonometry
•SPHERICAL
TRIGONOMETRY-
is concerned with
relations that
exist among the
sides and angles
of a spherical
triangle.
Terms
Terms
POINTS
it has no dimension and is denoted with a capital letter.
Terms
LINE SEGMENT
is part of a line. It has a definite length.
Terms
ANGLES
a geometric figure formed when two line segments meet at a
common point.
Terms
RAY
when a line segment is indicated by direction through an
arrowhead.
Kinds of Angles
ACUTE ANGLE
ZERO ANGLE RIGHT ANGLE
OBTUSE
ANGLE
1 4
3
2
Kinds of Angles
STRAIGHT
ANGLE
REFLEX
ANGLE COMPLEMENTARY
&
SUPPLEMENTARY
POSITIVE &
NEGATIVE
ANGLES
5 6 7 8
UNITS OF
ANGLES
• usually denoted as (°),
symbol for degree
• it represents
1
360
of full
rotation
• it is the most common unit of
angle
D
E
G
R
E
E
it is the standard unit of angular
measure commonly denoted as
rad.
it is the central angle formed
when the subtended arc is
equivalent to the radius of a circle.
R
A
D
I
A
N
it is sometimes called as gon,
grade or gradian.
it is equivalent to
1
400
of a full
circle.
1 grad=
9
10
degree or 1 grad =
𝜋
200
rad.
G
R
A
D
I
A
N
M
I
N
U
T
E
is equivalent to
1
60
of a
degree (1°=60’, 1’=60”)
it is expressed as
equivalent to
1
60
of a
minute (1°=3600’’)
S
E
C
O
N
D
it is expressed as
mil or angular mil.
1
6400
of a circle.
M
I
L
L
I
R
A
D
I
A
N
Units of Measurement
Metric
Measurement
US
Measurement
Mass
Length
Time
Temperature
Volume
Area
Metric
Units of Measurement
Metric
Measurement
US
Measurement
Liter
Meter
Gram
US
Yard
Pounds
Gallons
Celcius
Conversion
1 ft = 12 in
1 mi = 5280 ft
1 lb = 16 oz
1 gal = 4 qt
1 in = 2.54 cm
1 mi = 1.61 km
1 lb = 454 g
1 L = 1.057 qt
1 mL = 1 cm³
CONVERT:
01 04
02 03
05 08
06 07
130 meters
____miles
1100 feet
____miles
43 miles
____feet
165 pounds
____ounces
100 yards
____meter
22, 647 inches
____meter
2678 cm
____feet
53 yrds/hr
___in./week
CONVERT:
09 12
10 11
13 16
14 15
720 pounds
____kg
12080
gallons
____liters
435 ounces
____ pounds
5500 cm³
____ yards³
176°C
____ °F
402°F
____ °C
37°F
____K
852 K
____ °C
PROBLEM SOLVING CONVERSION
A student averaged 45
miles per hour on a
trip. What was the
student’s speed in feet
per second?
01
A room is 10 ft by 12
ft. How many square
yards are in the
room?
02
PROBLEM SOLVING CONVERSION
A child is prescribed a dosage of
12 mg of a certain drug per day
and is allowed to refill his
prescription twice. If there are
60 tablets in a prescription, and
each tablet has 4 mg, how many
doses are in the 3 prescriptions
(original + 2 refills)?
03
The largest single rough
diamond ever found, the
Cullinan Diamond, weighed
3106 carats. One carat is
equivalent to the mass of 0.20
grams. What is the mass of
this diamond in milligrams?
04
CONVERSION
OF ANGLES
Convert Degrees to Radian
60°
-120°
135°
-235°
01
02
03
04
TRY THESE:
360°
-65°
-217°
79°
05
06
07
08
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
Convert
Radian to
Degrees
𝜋
12°
rad
−3𝜋 rad
7𝜋
3°
rad
14𝜋
3°
rad
−
11𝜋
3
rad
−
41𝜋
12°
rad
𝜋
4°
rad
4𝜋
9°
rad
CONVERTING DECIMAL
DEGREE TO DEGREES,
MINUTES AND SECONDS
(D-M-S)
02
01 03
01 04
05 06 07 08
54.574° 128.97° -47.31° 156.742°
39.75° -134.25° 87.248° -512.23°
CONVERTING DECIMAL DEGREE TO DEGREES, MINUTES AND SECONDS (D-M-S)
CONVERTING DEGREES,
MINUTES AND SECONDS
(D-M-S) TO DECIMAL
DEGREE
25°
45’
45”
18°
15’
15”
-39°
25’
30”
126°
12’
27”
-112°
23’
24”
35°
18’
26”
-235°
56’
21”
9°
31’
57”
01 02 03 04
05 06 07 08
Rectangular
Coordinate
System
Rectangular Coordinate System
• is a system in w/c an ordered pair of numbers is associated with a point
in plane. It is also based on perpendicular real number lines.
x-axis
(abscissa)
Point of origin
y-axis
(ordinate)
Quadrant I
(+, +)
Quadrant II
(−, +)
Quadrant III
(−, −)
Quadrant IV
(+, −)
Coterminal Angles
• are angles in standard position which have the same terminal side.
• two angles are coterminal if the difference between them is a multiple of
360° or 2π.
How to determine if
two angles are
coterminal?
BOTH ARE POSITIVE
Make both angles less than or equal to 360° (the
operation to be used is subtraction)
If the two positive angles are already less than or
equal to 360°, you can now verify if they are
coterminal or not.
If the two angles have the same value, then they
are coterminal. If they don’t have the same value,
then they are not coterminal
BOTH ARE NEGATIVE
Make both angles less than or equal to 360° (the
operation to be used is addition)
If the two positive angles are already less than or
equal to 360°, you can now verify if they are
coterminal or not.
If the two angles have the same value, then they
are coterminal. If they don’t have the same value,
then they are not coterminal
ONE IS NEGATIVE & ONE IS
POSITIVE
•The positive angle is same process
with number 1.
•The negative angle is same process
with number 2.
Tell whether the following angles are coterminal/not
210° & 930°
180° & 405°
90° & 450°
270° & 800°
-30° & -420°
01
02
03
04
05
Tell whether the following angles are coterminal/not
-120° & -480°
-90° & -450°
90° & -450°
480° & -240°
-60° and 90°
06
07
08
09
10
TRIANGLE
TRIANGLE
•it is a plane closed figure formed by three line segments.
It has 3 angles and 3 sides. The line segments form the
sides of the triangle. The angles in a triangle are called
vertices (vertex).
Right triangle
•is a triangle where one angle measures 90°
2 SPECIAL TYPES OF RIGHT TRIANGLE
1. 30° – 60° – 90° / Scalene
triangle is a triangle whose acute angles measure 30° and
60°
2 SPECIAL TYPES OF RIGHT TRIANGLE
2. ISOSCELES TRIANGLE
It has 2 equal sides and an angle that is 90°. The sides are
opposite the equal angles. If the two acute angles are equal,
then these measures 45° each. (45° – 45° – 90°)
PROPERTIES OF RIGHT ∆’S
1. One of its angles is right angle or equal to 90°,
that’s why it is called a right triangle.
2. The two acute angles in a right triangle are always
complementary, where the sum of complementary
angles is equal to 90° or ∠𝐴 + ∠𝐵 = 90°
3. The two perpendicular sides are called legs while
the longest side is the hypotenuse. The hypotenuse
“c” is opposite the right angle.
PROPERTIES OF RIGHT ∆’S
4. The sides are related by the Pythagorean Theorem which states
that: the sum of the squares of the two legs of the right triangle is
equal to the square of the hypotenuse or a² + b² = c², where “a”
and “b” are the lengths of the sides/legs of the right triangle and
“c” is the length of the hypotenuse.
What Is The Pythagorean Theorem?
• A right triangle consists of two sides called the legs and one
side called the hypotenuse. The hypotenuse is the longest side
and is opposite the right angle. (c2 = a2 + b2)
Find the length of the
hypotenuse of a right triangle if
the lengths of the other two
sides are 3 inches and 4 inches.
b = 4
a = 3
c = ?
Find the length of one side of a
right triangle if the length of
the hypotenuse is 10 inches
and the length of the other side
is 9 inches.
b = ?
a = 9
c = 10
Mason wants to lay pavers in his
families' backyard for the summer. It
is important that he start the pavers
at a right angle. If he want the
dimensions of the patio to be 8 ft by
10 ft, what should the diagonal
measure? b = 10
a = 8
c = ?
A kite at the end of a 40
feet line is 10 feet behind
the runner. How high is the
kite?
b = ?
a = 10
c = 40
At a certain dock, a ship decided
to take its departure at about 20
miles east. After reaching that
point, it made its turn at 50 miles
north. How far is the ship from the
dock?
A 20-m long rope is stretched
from the top of a 12-m tree to the
ground. What is the distance
between the tree and the end of
the rope on the ground?

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Prelims-MST.pptx

  • 1.
  • 2. What is Trigonometr y? of ics that h the s and ns of ociated es. 01 m word ns nd hich 02 03 04
  • 3. What is Trigonomet ry? •a branch of Mathematics that deals with the properties and applications of ratios associated with angles. 01 m word ns nd hich 02 03 04
  • 4. What is Trigonomet ry? •a branch of Mathematics that deals with the properties and applications of ratios associated with angles. 01 •it came from the Greek word “trigonon” which means “triangle” and “metron” which means “measure”. 02 03 04
  • 5. What is Trigonomet ry? •a branch of Mathematics that deals with the properties and applications of ratios associated with angles. 01 •it came from the Greek word “trigonon” which means “triangle” and “metron” which means “measure”. 02 •literally, it means measurement of triangles. 03 04
  • 6. What is Trigonomet ry? •a branch of Mathematics that deals with the properties and applications of ratios associated with angles. 01 •it came from the Greek word “trigonon” which means “triangle” and “metron” which means “measure”. 02 •literally, it means measurement of triangles. 03 •Hipparchus of Nicaea is the founder of Trigonometry. 04
  • 7. Two Types of Trigonometry PLANE TRIGONOMETRY- studies the properties of triangle on a plane and its two dimensional.
  • 8. Two Types of Trigonometry •SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETRY- is concerned with relations that exist among the sides and angles of a spherical triangle.
  • 10. Terms POINTS it has no dimension and is denoted with a capital letter.
  • 11. Terms LINE SEGMENT is part of a line. It has a definite length.
  • 12. Terms ANGLES a geometric figure formed when two line segments meet at a common point.
  • 13. Terms RAY when a line segment is indicated by direction through an arrowhead.
  • 14. Kinds of Angles ACUTE ANGLE ZERO ANGLE RIGHT ANGLE OBTUSE ANGLE 1 4 3 2
  • 15. Kinds of Angles STRAIGHT ANGLE REFLEX ANGLE COMPLEMENTARY & SUPPLEMENTARY POSITIVE & NEGATIVE ANGLES 5 6 7 8
  • 17. • usually denoted as (°), symbol for degree • it represents 1 360 of full rotation • it is the most common unit of angle D E G R E E it is the standard unit of angular measure commonly denoted as rad. it is the central angle formed when the subtended arc is equivalent to the radius of a circle. R A D I A N
  • 18. it is sometimes called as gon, grade or gradian. it is equivalent to 1 400 of a full circle. 1 grad= 9 10 degree or 1 grad = 𝜋 200 rad. G R A D I A N M I N U T E is equivalent to 1 60 of a degree (1°=60’, 1’=60”)
  • 19. it is expressed as equivalent to 1 60 of a minute (1°=3600’’) S E C O N D it is expressed as mil or angular mil. 1 6400 of a circle. M I L L I R A D I A N
  • 22.
  • 23. Conversion 1 ft = 12 in 1 mi = 5280 ft 1 lb = 16 oz 1 gal = 4 qt 1 in = 2.54 cm 1 mi = 1.61 km 1 lb = 454 g 1 L = 1.057 qt 1 mL = 1 cm³
  • 24. CONVERT: 01 04 02 03 05 08 06 07 130 meters ____miles 1100 feet ____miles 43 miles ____feet 165 pounds ____ounces 100 yards ____meter 22, 647 inches ____meter 2678 cm ____feet 53 yrds/hr ___in./week
  • 25. CONVERT: 09 12 10 11 13 16 14 15 720 pounds ____kg 12080 gallons ____liters 435 ounces ____ pounds 5500 cm³ ____ yards³ 176°C ____ °F 402°F ____ °C 37°F ____K 852 K ____ °C
  • 26. PROBLEM SOLVING CONVERSION A student averaged 45 miles per hour on a trip. What was the student’s speed in feet per second? 01 A room is 10 ft by 12 ft. How many square yards are in the room? 02
  • 27. PROBLEM SOLVING CONVERSION A child is prescribed a dosage of 12 mg of a certain drug per day and is allowed to refill his prescription twice. If there are 60 tablets in a prescription, and each tablet has 4 mg, how many doses are in the 3 prescriptions (original + 2 refills)? 03 The largest single rough diamond ever found, the Cullinan Diamond, weighed 3106 carats. One carat is equivalent to the mass of 0.20 grams. What is the mass of this diamond in milligrams? 04
  • 29. Convert Degrees to Radian 60° -120° 135° -235° 01 02 03 04
  • 32. CONVERTING DECIMAL DEGREE TO DEGREES, MINUTES AND SECONDS (D-M-S)
  • 33. 02 01 03 01 04 05 06 07 08 54.574° 128.97° -47.31° 156.742° 39.75° -134.25° 87.248° -512.23° CONVERTING DECIMAL DEGREE TO DEGREES, MINUTES AND SECONDS (D-M-S)
  • 34. CONVERTING DEGREES, MINUTES AND SECONDS (D-M-S) TO DECIMAL DEGREE
  • 37. Rectangular Coordinate System • is a system in w/c an ordered pair of numbers is associated with a point in plane. It is also based on perpendicular real number lines. x-axis (abscissa) Point of origin y-axis (ordinate) Quadrant I (+, +) Quadrant II (−, +) Quadrant III (−, −) Quadrant IV (+, −)
  • 38. Coterminal Angles • are angles in standard position which have the same terminal side. • two angles are coterminal if the difference between them is a multiple of 360° or 2π.
  • 39. How to determine if two angles are coterminal?
  • 40. BOTH ARE POSITIVE Make both angles less than or equal to 360° (the operation to be used is subtraction) If the two positive angles are already less than or equal to 360°, you can now verify if they are coterminal or not. If the two angles have the same value, then they are coterminal. If they don’t have the same value, then they are not coterminal
  • 41. BOTH ARE NEGATIVE Make both angles less than or equal to 360° (the operation to be used is addition) If the two positive angles are already less than or equal to 360°, you can now verify if they are coterminal or not. If the two angles have the same value, then they are coterminal. If they don’t have the same value, then they are not coterminal
  • 42. ONE IS NEGATIVE & ONE IS POSITIVE •The positive angle is same process with number 1. •The negative angle is same process with number 2.
  • 43. Tell whether the following angles are coterminal/not 210° & 930° 180° & 405° 90° & 450° 270° & 800° -30° & -420° 01 02 03 04 05
  • 44. Tell whether the following angles are coterminal/not -120° & -480° -90° & -450° 90° & -450° 480° & -240° -60° and 90° 06 07 08 09 10
  • 45.
  • 47. TRIANGLE •it is a plane closed figure formed by three line segments. It has 3 angles and 3 sides. The line segments form the sides of the triangle. The angles in a triangle are called vertices (vertex). Right triangle •is a triangle where one angle measures 90°
  • 48. 2 SPECIAL TYPES OF RIGHT TRIANGLE 1. 30° – 60° – 90° / Scalene triangle is a triangle whose acute angles measure 30° and 60°
  • 49. 2 SPECIAL TYPES OF RIGHT TRIANGLE 2. ISOSCELES TRIANGLE It has 2 equal sides and an angle that is 90°. The sides are opposite the equal angles. If the two acute angles are equal, then these measures 45° each. (45° – 45° – 90°)
  • 50. PROPERTIES OF RIGHT ∆’S 1. One of its angles is right angle or equal to 90°, that’s why it is called a right triangle. 2. The two acute angles in a right triangle are always complementary, where the sum of complementary angles is equal to 90° or ∠𝐴 + ∠𝐵 = 90° 3. The two perpendicular sides are called legs while the longest side is the hypotenuse. The hypotenuse “c” is opposite the right angle.
  • 51. PROPERTIES OF RIGHT ∆’S 4. The sides are related by the Pythagorean Theorem which states that: the sum of the squares of the two legs of the right triangle is equal to the square of the hypotenuse or a² + b² = c², where “a” and “b” are the lengths of the sides/legs of the right triangle and “c” is the length of the hypotenuse.
  • 52. What Is The Pythagorean Theorem? • A right triangle consists of two sides called the legs and one side called the hypotenuse. The hypotenuse is the longest side and is opposite the right angle. (c2 = a2 + b2)
  • 53. Find the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle if the lengths of the other two sides are 3 inches and 4 inches. b = 4 a = 3 c = ? Find the length of one side of a right triangle if the length of the hypotenuse is 10 inches and the length of the other side is 9 inches. b = ? a = 9 c = 10
  • 54. Mason wants to lay pavers in his families' backyard for the summer. It is important that he start the pavers at a right angle. If he want the dimensions of the patio to be 8 ft by 10 ft, what should the diagonal measure? b = 10 a = 8 c = ?
  • 55. A kite at the end of a 40 feet line is 10 feet behind the runner. How high is the kite? b = ? a = 10 c = 40
  • 56. At a certain dock, a ship decided to take its departure at about 20 miles east. After reaching that point, it made its turn at 50 miles north. How far is the ship from the dock?
  • 57. A 20-m long rope is stretched from the top of a 12-m tree to the ground. What is the distance between the tree and the end of the rope on the ground?