Practice sheet system & models 2
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This document contains a worksheet with questions about energy flow through food chains and farming systems. Figure 1 shows a food chain with primary producers, cattle, and humans. Students are asked to (1) calculate the percentage of energy lost from primary producers to humans, and (2) explain why crop farming is more energy efficient than sea harvesting. They are also asked to (3) suggest two ways energy can be lost from the system. Additionally, students are asked to (1) list three reasons why livestock are part of most farming systems, and (2) annotate a systems diagram of a farm to identify two inputs and outputs and their potential environmental impacts.
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Practice sheet systmes & models 1
The document presents a model of the climatic system that shows the interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, ice, land, and human activity. It also distinguishes between the external inputs and outputs to the Earth-atmosphere system and the internal interactions within the system. The model is used to represent the complex relationships and feedbacks between different components that influence the climate.
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This document appears to be an exam for a grade 11 environmental systems and societies class. It contains multiple choice and short answer questions about various topics related to ecosystems, including:
- Processes that reduce sunlight reaching Earth's surface
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This document contains the answer sheet for the Grade 11 Summative Exam from September 2012 in Earth Systems Science (ESS). It provides the answers to multiple choice and written response questions on topics including: the water cycle, greenhouse gases, feedback mechanisms in ecosystems, energy transformations, and impacts of climate change on mountain ecosystems. The answer sheet includes explanations and workings for full marks on the questions.
Ess grade 11 summative october 2012
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Practice sheet systmes & models 1
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Grade 11 summative feburary 2013
This document appears to be an exam for a grade 11 environmental systems and societies class. It contains multiple choice and short answer questions about various topics related to ecosystems, including:
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1.2 Systems and models
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Communities and ecosystems are defined. A community is a group of populations living and interacting in a common habitat, while an ecosystem includes both the community and its physical environment. Photosynthesis and respiration play key roles in energy flow, with photosynthesis converting light energy to chemical energy in producers and respiration releasing energy through the breakdown of organic matter. These processes can be represented by word equations and involve inputs, outputs and transformations of energy and matter.
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Topic 3.3
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Ess topic 1 foundations of environmental systems and societies(first exam 2017)
Topic 1: Foundations of environmental systems and societies (16 hours)
Big questions: This topic may be particularly appropriate for considering big questions A, C, D and E.
Sub-topic 1.1: Environmental value systems
Significant ideas:
• Historical events, among other influences, affect the development of environmental value systems (EVSs) and environmental movements.
• There is a wide spectrum of EVSs, each with its own premises and implications.
Knowledge and understanding:
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• An EVS is a worldview or paradigm that shapes the way an individual, or group
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• An EVS might be considered as a system in the sense that it may be influenced
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• There is a spectrum of EVSs, from ecocentric through anthropocentric to
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• An ecocentric viewpoint integrates social, spiritual and environmental
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and emphasizes a less materialistic approach to life with greater self-sufficiency
of societies. An ecocentric viewpoint prioritizes biorights, emphasizes the
importance of education and encourages self-restraint in human behaviour.
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global system. This might be through the use of taxes, environmental regulation
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• A
Topic 2.2 communities and ecosystems photosynthesis and respiration ss
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Summary of topic 2.4
1. Biomes are determined by factors like temperature, rainfall, and sunlight which affect photosynthesis and net primary productivity. Different biomes like tropical rainforests, savannas, and tundra support characteristic plant life adapted to their climate.
2. Succession over time and zonation over environmental gradients cause changes in plant communities. Early successional "pioneer" species establish first, followed by later successional species that outcompete pioneers. Eventually a stable "climax" community develops.
3. Human impacts like deforestation and grazing can interrupt succession, maintaining early successional "plagioclimax" communities
Summary of topic 2.3
This document discusses energy flow and matter cycling in ecosystems. It explains that only a small portion (around 0.06%) of the sun's energy is captured by producers through photosynthesis. Primary productivity is the gain in biomass by producers, while secondary productivity is the gain by heterotrophs. Gross productivity does not account for energy losses from respiration, while net productivity does. Formulas are provided to calculate net primary productivity (NPP) and net secondary productivity (NSP). The carbon, nitrogen, and water cycles are also summarized. Maximum NPP values are listed for different biomes.
Topic 1 systems and models
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2) The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. All systems transform energy to do work and function.
3) The second law of thermodynamics describes how entropy increases as energy is dissipated and becomes unavailable to do work. Living systems must continuously acquire and transform energy to maintain order and fight entropy.
Ib ess exam notes
This document provides summaries of key topics related to systems and models, ecosystems, and human population dynamics.
1) It defines systems, models, laws of thermodynamics, and equilibrium concepts. It also discusses feedback, transfers and transformations of matter and energy.
2) It defines ecosystem components and processes like biotic and abiotic factors, trophic levels, and ecological pyramids. It also summarizes different biomes and their characteristics.
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Presi global warming
Climate change refers to long term shifts in weather patterns while global warming specifically refers to increases in average surface temperatures. The greenhouse effect occurs when greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere trap heat from the sun, warming the planet. Human activities that burn fossil fuels have increased the amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, enhancing the greenhouse effect and leading to increased global warming and climate change impacts like rising sea levels and more extreme weather. Reducing emissions through activities like using less energy, recycling more, and planting trees can help address climate change.
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Summary of topic 1.1
Environmental value systems are sets of paradigms that shape how individuals and societies perceive environmental issues. They are influenced by cultural, religious, economic, and development factors and function similarly to other systems by having inputs, outputs, processing, and feedback loops based on the flow of information. Different environmental value systems can come into conflict over issues. The main categories are ecocentric (nature-centered), technocentric (technology-centered), and anthropocentric (human-centered). These differing philosophies can affect political decisions on topics like water exploitation, climate change, fossil fuel use, and ecological footprints.
File 3 ess case studies and examples
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Topic 3.2
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- Processes that reduce sunlight reaching Earth's surface
- Calculating the proportion of global net primary productivity used for human food consumption
- Reasons for food shortages in some societies
- Comparing biomass, net primary productivity, and soil fertility across forest ecosystems
- Examples of flows and biological storage within ecosystems
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- Measuring biomass of a primary producer
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- Factors affecting primary
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Communities and ecosystems are defined. A community is a group of populations living and interacting in a common habitat, while an ecosystem includes both the community and its physical environment. Photosynthesis and respiration play key roles in energy flow, with photosynthesis converting light energy to chemical energy in producers and respiration releasing energy through the breakdown of organic matter. These processes can be represented by word equations and involve inputs, outputs and transformations of energy and matter.
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Topic 1: Foundations of environmental systems and societies (16 hours)
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• Historical events, among other influences, affect the development of environmental value systems (EVSs) and environmental movements.
• There is a wide spectrum of EVSs, each with its own premises and implications.
Knowledge and understanding:
• Significant historical influences on the development of the environmental
movement have come from literature, the media, major environmental disasters,
international agreements and technological developments.
• An EVS is a worldview or paradigm that shapes the way an individual, or group
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• An EVS might be considered as a system in the sense that it may be influenced
by education, experience, culture and media (inputs), and involves a set of
interrelated premises, values and arguments that can generate consistent
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• There is a spectrum of EVSs, from ecocentric through anthropocentric to
technocentric value systems.
• An ecocentric viewpoint integrates social, spiritual and environmental
dimensions into a holistic ideal. It puts ecology and nature as central to humanity
and emphasizes a less materialistic approach to life with greater self-sufficiency
of societies. An ecocentric viewpoint prioritizes biorights, emphasizes the
importance of education and encourages self-restraint in human behaviour.
• An anthropocentric viewpoint argues that humans must sustainably manage the
global system. This might be through the use of taxes, environmental regulation
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Topic 2.2 communities and ecosystems photosynthesis and respiration ss
Topic 2.2 Communities and Ecosystem - Photosynthesis and Respiration for the IB DP Environmental Systems and Societies Course.
The role of photosynthesis in the ecosystems
Limits to photosynthesis in the ecosystem
Respiration in the ecosystem
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This document discusses access to freshwater around the world. Only a small percentage of Earth's total water is freshwater, and its distribution is inequitable with many less economically developed countries lacking access. The turnover time, or time it takes for water to cycle from one part of the hydrologic cycle to another, varies significantly from 10,000 years for ice caps to just 12 days for rivers and the atmosphere. Increasing water usage in many areas is threatening sustainability as populations rise without adequate conservation efforts. The case study of Mexico City illustrates some of these challenges as groundwater is overexploited and wastewater is increasingly reused to try and meet the needs of the large population.
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Summary of topic 2.4
1. Biomes are determined by factors like temperature, rainfall, and sunlight which affect photosynthesis and net primary productivity. Different biomes like tropical rainforests, savannas, and tundra support characteristic plant life adapted to their climate.
2. Succession over time and zonation over environmental gradients cause changes in plant communities. Early successional "pioneer" species establish first, followed by later successional species that outcompete pioneers. Eventually a stable "climax" community develops.
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Summary of topic 2.3
This document discusses energy flow and matter cycling in ecosystems. It explains that only a small portion (around 0.06%) of the sun's energy is captured by producers through photosynthesis. Primary productivity is the gain in biomass by producers, while secondary productivity is the gain by heterotrophs. Gross productivity does not account for energy losses from respiration, while net productivity does. Formulas are provided to calculate net primary productivity (NPP) and net secondary productivity (NSP). The carbon, nitrogen, and water cycles are also summarized. Maximum NPP values are listed for different biomes.
Topic 1 systems and models
1) A system is defined as a collection of elements that interact and exchange energy and matter. Systems can be open, closed, or isolated depending on whether they exchange energy, matter, or both.
2) The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. All systems transform energy to do work and function.
3) The second law of thermodynamics describes how entropy increases as energy is dissipated and becomes unavailable to do work. Living systems must continuously acquire and transform energy to maintain order and fight entropy.
Ib ess exam notes
This document provides summaries of key topics related to systems and models, ecosystems, and human population dynamics.
1) It defines systems, models, laws of thermodynamics, and equilibrium concepts. It also discusses feedback, transfers and transformations of matter and energy.
2) It defines ecosystem components and processes like biotic and abiotic factors, trophic levels, and ecological pyramids. It also summarizes different biomes and their characteristics.
3) It discusses human population dynamics concepts like exponential and logistic growth models, r/K selection strategies, and factors affecting population size. It also summarizes Malthusian and Boserup theories on population growth and food supply.
Ess Topic 1 - Systems and Models
This document outlines concepts related to systems thinking from pages 69-90 of the IB ESS Course Companion. It defines key terms like systems, open and closed systems, feedback loops, and equilibria. It also explains how systems can be analyzed on different scales from cells to biomes to the whole Earth. The document provides examples and details about how systems thinking is applied in environmental science.
Presi global warming
Climate change refers to long term shifts in weather patterns while global warming specifically refers to increases in average surface temperatures. The greenhouse effect occurs when greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere trap heat from the sun, warming the planet. Human activities that burn fossil fuels have increased the amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, enhancing the greenhouse effect and leading to increased global warming and climate change impacts like rising sea levels and more extreme weather. Reducing emissions through activities like using less energy, recycling more, and planting trees can help address climate change.
Unit 12. human impact in ecosystems
This document discusses human impact on ecosystems and the environment. It notes that in nature, water, energy, and biomass cycles continuously recycle materials, but human activities like overexploitation of land and pollution have disrupted these natural cycles. Some key human impacts discussed are climate change, desertification and drought caused by overgrazing and deforestation, and loss of biodiversity. The document emphasizes the importance of reducing waste through recycling, which has benefits like preserving resources, reducing pollution, and saving energy.
Environmental value systems: Lake Victoria vs Gulf of California
This document compares the environmental value systems of Lake Victoria and the Gulf of California. It discusses their political, social, economic, environmental, cultural, and conservation relevance. For both ecosystems, conservation efforts are important due to their high biodiversity and impacts on surrounding human communities. The document expresses the view that conservation of both Lake Victoria and the Gulf of California should continue given their significance.
Summary of topic 1.1
Environmental value systems are sets of paradigms that shape how individuals and societies perceive environmental issues. They are influenced by cultural, religious, economic, and development factors and function similarly to other systems by having inputs, outputs, processing, and feedback loops based on the flow of information. Different environmental value systems can come into conflict over issues. The main categories are ecocentric (nature-centered), technocentric (technology-centered), and anthropocentric (human-centered). These differing philosophies can affect political decisions on topics like water exploitation, climate change, fossil fuel use, and ecological footprints.
File 3 ess case studies and examples
This document provides a comprehensive list of case studies and examples for the International Baccalaureate Environmental Systems and Societies (IB ESS) exam, organized by topic. It includes specific examples of systems, ecosystems, populations, resources, pollution events, climate change impacts, and contrasting environmental value systems that students should know for the exam. While not a complete list, it covers many key topics and concepts that may be assessed.
Topic 3.2
This document discusses the origins of biodiversity through the process of evolution by natural selection. It explains that over long periods of time, organisms gradually change through beneficial mutations that allow better adaptation to the environment, and these adapted traits get passed down through reproduction. Variation exists within species, and individuals with variations better suited to the environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their beneficial genes. This gradual process of evolution through natural selection over millions of years has led to the diversity of life we see today. Plate tectonics further influenced biodiversity by splitting land masses and isolating previously connected populations, allowing them to evolve separately into new species through allopatric speciation.
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1 s2.0-s1364032115000970-main
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3) Giving examples of energy conversions and calculating the electrical power, kinetic energy, mass, and height of a water fountain powered by a solar panel.
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Sample ESS IA -7 Points.pdf
I am pleased to present an outstanding Sample ESS IA that secured an impressive 28 out of 30 marks, resulting in a remarkable 7-point score. This exemplar serves as a valuable reference and resource for your ESS class, offering comprehensive insights and invaluable guidance for both students and educators alike.
Key Points:
Exceptional Achievement: The IA achieved a remarkable 28 out of 30 marks, showcasing excellence in content, research, and presentation.
7-Point Performance: Scoring a perfect 7 points in the IA demonstrates a deep understanding of Environmental Systems and Societies.
Educational Resource: This exemplary IA serves as an educational resource, providing a model for structuring, researching, and presenting ESS projects.
Invaluable Insights: Reviewing this IA will offer invaluable insights into what constitutes a high-scoring ESS IA, helping students aim for excellence.
Guidance for Students: Students can utilize this IA as a reference to enhance their own IA projects, aiming for similarly outstanding results.
Educator's Tool: Educators can use this IA to exemplify quality work to their students, facilitating better understanding of assessment expectations.
We encourage you to make the most of this exemplary ESS IA as a guiding light in your pursuit of excellence in Environmental Systems and Societies studies.
Sample ESS IA .pdf
This document outlines an investigation into the effect of carbon dioxide emissions on temperature in the USA and UK from 2009-2019. The research question asks to what extent different levels of CO2 concentration in the USA vs the UK affect average temperature. Secondary data on CO2 emissions and average temperature in both countries will be collected from credible sources over the 10-year period. The hypothesis is that there is a correlation between CO2 concentrations and temperature trends, and differences in CO2 levels between the countries will result in differences in temperature trends. Key variables are CO2 concentration as the independent variable and average temperature as the dependent variable.
ESSGurumantra.com Facts - 4
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Olympics facts 2
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The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating.
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Top sites
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Very interesting - Can you guess what is common between all these prominent temples.
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2. The Nandi statue at Meenakshi Amman Temple is one of the largest in Asia. Tirumalai Naicker Mahal is the largest palace in Tamil Nadu, built without using ceiling supports.
3. Gandhi Museum was originally the palace of Ranimangammal and is the only museum dedicated to Gandhi outside of India. It houses the blood-stained shawl Gandhi was wearing when assassinated.
Field Trips – A unique approach to IB learning
K.Guru Charan Kumar, IB ESS Teacher at Pathways World School, Aravali discusses the importance of taking his IB students on field trips that enhance the learning they do in the classroom. Over the past year, K. Guru has shared numerous adventures with the IB community and we asked him to reflect on why field experience is central to his teaching.
IBDP Certificate for the ESS Workshop Cat 1 & 2
Guru Charan Kumar KANAHAVEL attended the IB Asia Pacific DP Category 1 & 2 Workshops in Singapore from August 10-12, 2012 for the subject Environmental Systems and Societies. The certificate certifies his participation in subject sessions at the workshops organized by the IB Regional Office for Asia Pacific and led by experienced IB practitioners.
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My mission is to deliver world-class international education power point presentation through the provision of high-quality curricula, assessment and services for the IGCSE EVM.
A wide range of materials and resources is available through my Slide share to support teachers and learners in Cambridge schools. Resources suit a variety of teaching methods in different international contexts.
The content of this power point presentation is designed to encourage reflection on the limits to growth and sustainable development for IGCSE EVM.
The content of this PowerPoint is structured as a series of learning outcomes that lay out what candidates should know, understand and be able to analyze and discuss.
Environmental Management is concerned not only with the impact of humankind on the planet but also with the patterns of human behavior necessary to preserve and manage the environment in a self-sustaining way. Study is linked to the areas of new thinking in environmental management, environmental economics and the quest for alternative technologies. Classroom studies and optional coursework allow candidates to obtain a local as well as a global perspective.
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My mission is to deliver world-class international education power point presentation through the provision of high-quality curricula, assessment and services for the IGCSE EVM.
A wide range of materials and resources is available through my Slide share to support teachers and learners in Cambridge schools. Resources suit a variety of teaching methods in different international contexts.
The content of this power point presentation is designed to encourage reflection on the limits to growth and sustainable development for IGCSE EVM.
The content of this PowerPoint is structured as a series of learning outcomes that lay out what candidates should know, understand and be able to analyze and discuss.
Environmental Management is concerned not only with the impact of humankind on the planet but also with the patterns of human behavior necessary to preserve and manage the environment in a self-sustaining way. Study is linked to the areas of new thinking in environmental management, environmental economics and the quest for alternative technologies. Classroom studies and optional coursework allow candidates to obtain a local as well as a global perspective.
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My mission is to deliver world-class international education power point presentation through the provision of high-quality curricula, assessment and services for the IGCSE EVM.
A wide range of materials and resources is available through my Slide share to support teachers and learners in Cambridge schools. Resources suit a variety of teaching methods in different international contexts.
The content of this power point presentation is designed to encourage reflection on the limits to growth and sustainable development for IGCSE EVM.
The content of this PowerPoint is structured as a series of learning outcomes that lay out what candidates should know, understand and be able to analyze and discuss.
Environmental Management is concerned not only with the impact of humankind on the planet but also with the patterns of human behavior necessary to preserve and manage the environment in a self-sustaining way. Study is linked to the areas of new thinking in environmental management, environmental economics and the quest for alternative technologies. Classroom studies and optional coursework allow candidates to obtain a local as well as a global perspective.
ESS Field Trip 2019-Sundarbans,West Bengal,India
As part of the IB philosophy, one must understand that not everything can be taught within the classroom. Thus, field trips provide the perfect opportunity to apply ourselves fruitfully. Laden with their luggage, and appetite for knowledge, the group of ESS and Geography students readied themselves for the learning expedition to Sundarbans, West Bengal.
The most engaging component of ESS & Geo IBDP is the coursework/fieldwork which culminates in an Analytical report based on Primary Data which the students gather and work upon. In this context we are all set to embark on our journey to Sundarbans Delta (UNESCO World Heritage site) which is located in Kolkata. This year 41 IBDP students with 4 teachers ventured for the very first time in the country to visit the Sundarbans(Kolkata) for the field trip.
The IBDP ESS & Geography students studied “Ecological Footprints of Eco tourism & Environmental Sustainability, Quality and Patterns of Resource Consumption” with special reference to Mangrove forest of Sundarbans, West Bengal.
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- 1. Guru charan kumar IB ESS 2013 SYSTEMS & MODEL WORKSHEET 2 Figure 1 shows energy flow through a food chain. Figure 1 primary producers – 900 kcal m 2 yr–1 (a) (i) cattle 256 kcal m–2 yr–1 human 6.6 kcal m–2 yr–1 Calculate the percentage energy loss to humans from the initial input of 900 kcal m–2 yr–1. ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... (2) (ii) Explain why farming systems based on crop production are more energy efficient than harvesting from the sea. ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... (2) (iii) Suggest two ways in which energy may be lost from the system. ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... (2) (b) (i) Suggest three reasons why livestock (cattle, goats, sheep, etc.) form a part of most farming systems. ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... ...........................................................................................................................
- 2. Guru charan kumar IB ESS 2013 ........................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... (3) (ii) Figure 2 shows a systems diagram for a farm. Annotate the diagram to show two inputs and two outputs, and their possible environmental impacts. Figure 2 INPUTS Input Impact Input Impact OUTPUTS Output Impact Output Impact (4) (Total 13 marks)