Sewage treatment

1. Reuse of treated water in factories
instead of consuming fresh water
(paper mills)
Dr / Mai Fayed

2. Factories that consume a large amount of water
For products that consume
large amounts of water,
many of them include paper
products that consume an
average of 324 liters of pure
water to produce one
kilogram of paper.
. The steel industry is also a
voracious consumer of
water, as the production of
one kilogram of steel
requires the use of 95 liters
of water.

3. Base metals that affect paper properties
iron manganese

4. The effluent of paper factory

5. The effluent of paper factory
Parameters Amount units
BOD 120 ppm
COD 416 ppm
TDS 413 ppm
TSS 1706 ppm
PH 8.4 -----
Manganese 22.2 ppm
Calcium 122 ppm
Chloride 467 ppm
flow 5000 M3 / day

6. The characteristics of treated effluent

7. The characteristics of treated effluent
Parameters Amount units
PH 7.15 -----
BOD 110 PPM
COD 225 PPM
TSS 470 PPM
TDS 450 PPM

8. Stages of treatment
Bar screens
Primary clarifier
Areation cum oxidation ponds
Sludge drying beds

9. Stages of treatment

10. Stages of treatment
Primary clarifier
Parameters Amount Removal efficiency
BOD 74 38.33 %
COD 303 27.16 %
TDS 1368 19.9 %
TSS 72 82.56 %
PH 8 4.67 %
Manganese 19.4 12.6 %
Calcium 93 23.77 %
Chloride 436 6.64 %
flow 5000

11. Stages of treatment
Waste stabilization ponds (WSPs or
stabilization ponds or waste
stabilization lagoons) are ponds
designed and built for wastewater
treatment to reduce the organic
content and remove pathogens
from wastewater.They are man-
made depressions confined by
earthen structures. Wastewater or
"influent" enters on one side of the
waste stabilization pond and exits
on the other side as "effluent", after
spending several days in the pond,
during which treatment processes
take place.

12. Mechanism of stabilization ponds

13. Stages of treatment

14. Stages of treatment
for
Secondary treatment ( oxidation ponds)
Parameters Amount Removal efficiency
BOD 14 81.1 %
COD 78 74.25 %
TDS 1134 18.18 %
TSS 34 52.77 %
PH 7.4 7.5 %
Manganese 12.9 33.5 %
Calcium 63 32.25 %
Chloride 386 11.46 %
flow 5000

15. References
 https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=dee851736d815d4cJmltdHM9MTY3ODkyNDgwMCZpZ3VpZD0yYjdhNGM2MC1hN
WMyLTYzOWQtMTZiZC01ZWI2YTRiZTYyYmYmaW5zaWQ9NTQzNA&ptn=3&hsh=3&fclid=2b7a4c60-a5c2-639d-
16bd-
5eb6a4be62bf&psq=paper+characteristics&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmJjLmNvLnVrL2JpdGV
zaXplL2d1aWRlcy96anE4anR5L3JldmlzaW9uLzIjOn46dGV4dD1Xb3JraW5nJTI
wcHJvcGVydGllcyUyMG9mJTIwcGFwZXJzJTIwYW5kJTIwYm9hcmRzJTIwaW5
jbHVkZSUzQSUyMDEsdGhlJTIwbnVtYmVyJTJDJTIwdGhlJTIwaGVhdmllciUyM
HRoZSUyMHBhcGVyJTIwTW9yZSUyMGl0ZW1z&ntb=1
 https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Influent-and-effluent-characteristics-
for-a-local-paper-mill-producing-tissue_tbl2_44250671
 https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=82e0084af9dd5f88JmltdHM9MTY3ODkyNDgwMCZ
pZ3VpZD0yYjdhNGM2MC1hNWMyLTYzOWQtMTZiZC01ZWI2YTRiZTYyYmYmaW5za
WQ9NTIwNA&ptn=3&hsh=3&fclid=2b7a4c60-a5c2-639d-16bd-
5eb6a4be62bf&psq=paper+characteristics&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmJjLmNvLnVrL2
JpdGVzaXplL2d1aWRlcy96anE4anR5L3JldmlzaW9uLzI&ntb=1