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- 1. Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services Center for Local Public Health Services Missouri’s Public Health System
- 2. What is Public Health? • Public health is often confused with health care. • A health care provider diagnoses and treats individual patients. • Public health professionals develop plans of action to improve the health status of the entire population.
- 3. • Focus of public health has changed over the years. • Early efforts directed toward disease prevention. • Expanded insurance coverage to most people has allowed public health to focus on its principal roles of protecting the public and promoting health. Public Health cont.
- 4. Effective Public Health System • Assesses and promotes health and safety • Prevents or minimizes the occurrence of diseases and injuries • Plans, prepares and responds to natural and manmade disasters • Identifies barriers, and facilitates access to primary and preventive health care, and • Enforces public health laws and regulations
- 5. CDC’s Ten Essential Services • Monitor health status to identify and solve community health problems • Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community • Inform, educate and empower people about health issues • Mobilize community partnerships and actions to identify and solve health problems
- 6. Essential Services cont. • Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts • Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety • Link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable
- 7. Essential Services cont. • Assure a competent public and personal health care workforce • Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility and quality of personal and population based health services • Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems
- 8. Public Health System vs. the Health System (medicine) Public Health System • Primary focus on population • Emphasis on disease prevention and health promotion that shape a community’s overall health profile Health System • Primary focus on individual • Emphasis on diagnosis and treatment
- 9. Health System • Hospital delivers the baby Public Health System • Regulates the hospital to ensure safety
- 10. Public health is credited with adding 25 years to the life expectancy of people in the United States in this century. Missouri’s Public Health System
- 11. Great Public Health Achievements • Vaccinations • Motor-vehicle safety • Safer workplaces • Safer and healthier foods • Decline in deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke United States – 1900-1999
- 12. • Healthier mothers and babies • Fluoridation of drinking water • Recognition of tobacco use as a health hazard • Control of infectious diseases Great Public Health Achievements cont. United States – 1900-1999
- 13. Public health’s disease control efforts have led to a sharp decline in deaths from infectious diseases since 1900. Missouri’s Public Health System
- 14. However, as these infectious diseases decreased, chronic diseases increased. Missouri’s Public Health System
- 15. Missouri’s Public Health System “Health is worth more than learning.” -Thomas Jefferson (1743 - 1826) letter to his cousin John Garland Jefferson, June 11, 1790
- 16. Top Five Leading Causes of Death, Missouri 2005 Cancer 23% Unintentional Injuries 5% Stroke 6% Chronic lower respiratory diseases 6% Heart Disease 27% Other diseases 33% 12,381 3,316 3,063 2,807 17,939 14,818
- 17. Tobacco Use 23 23 22 23 23 22 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 22 21 21 20 26 25 23 27 25 24 28 29 26 27 27 26 27 27 24 23 23 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 1 9 9 0 1 9 9 1 1 9 9 2 1 9 9 3 1 9 9 4 1 9 9 5 1 9 9 6 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 6 Proportion (%) Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) U.S. Missouri Proportion of Current Smokers Among Adults Aged 18 Years and Older, Missouri and the U.S., 1990-2006
- 18. Tobacco Use Proportion of Current Smokers Among Adults Aged 18 Years and Older, by Region, Missouri, 2006 Northwest: 23.4% Kansas City Area: 20% Southwest: 23.8% Northeast: 26.6% Central: 31.1% St. Louis Area: 19.8% Southeast: 29.7% BOONE AUDRAIN HOWARD CHARITON SALINE MORGAN PETTIS CARROLL COLE COOPER MILLER CAMDEN MONT-GOMERY GASCONADE PULASKI LACLEDE DENT POLK GREENE WEBSTER WRIGHT DOUGLAS HOWELL SHANNON CARTER WAYNE MADISON BOLLINGER ST. FRANCOIS STE. GENEVIEVE WASHINGTON JEFFERSON PERRY CAPE GIRARDEAU SCOTT MISSISSIPPI STODDARD BUTLER PEMISCOT DUNKLIN ST. LOUIS ST. CHARLES LINCOLN PIKE MACON MONROE JOHNSON LAFAYETTE JACKSON RAY CLAY PLATTE CLINTON BUCHANAN ATCHISON NODAWAY LAWRENCE JASPER BARRY TANEY WORTH HARRISON MERCER PUTNAM SCHUYLER SCOTLAND CLARK HOLT ANDREW GENTRY DEKALB GRUNDY DAVIESS SULLIVAN ADAIR LINN LIVINGSTON CALDWELL KNOX SHELBY RANDOLPH LEWIS MARION RALLS CALLAWAY CASS WARREN FRANKLIN CRAWFORD IRON REYNOLDS TEXAS MARIES NEW MADRID RIPLEY OREGON DALLAS HICKORY BENTON ST. CLAIR HENRY CEDAR DADE BARTON VERNON BATES STONE McDONALD NEWTON CHRISTIAN OZARK MONITEAU OSAGE PHELPS
- 19. Obesity 12 25 12 27 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Proportion (%) Source: CDC, BRFSS Missouri U.S. Proportion of Obesity Among Adults Aged 18 Years and Older, Missouri and the U.S., 1990-2006
- 20. Obesity Northwest: 28.6% Kansas City Area: 28.3% Southwest: 26.7% Northeast: 30.5% Central: 25.1% St. Louis Area: 23% Southeast: 32.6% Proportion of Obesity Among Adults Aged 18 Years and Older, by Region, Missouri, 2006 BOONE AUDRAIN HOWARD CHARITON SALINE MORGAN PETTIS CARROLL COLE COOPER MILLER CAMDEN MONT-GOMERY GASCONADE PULASKI LACLEDE DENT POLK GREENE WEBSTER WRIGHT DOUGLAS HOWELL SHANNON CARTER WAYNE MADISON BOLLINGER ST. FRANCOIS STE. GENEVIEVE WASHINGTON JEFFERSON PERRY CAPE GIRARDEAU SCOTT MISSISSIPPI STODDARD BUTLER PEMISCOT DUNKLIN ST. LOUIS ST. CHARLES LINCOLN PIKE MACON MONROE JOHNSON LAFAYETTE JACKSON RAY CLAY PLATTE CLINTON BUCHANAN ATCHISON NODAWAY LAWRENCE JASPER BARRY TANEY WORTH HARRISON MERCER PUTNAM SCHUYLER SCOTLAND CLARK HOLT ANDREW GENTRY DEKALB GRUNDY DAVIESS SULLIVAN ADAIR LINN LIVINGSTON CALDWELL KNOX SHELBY RANDOLPH LEWIS MARION RALLS CALLAWAY CASS WARREN FRANKLIN CRAWFORD IRON REYNOLDS TEXAS MARIES NEW MADRID RIPLEY OREGON DALLAS HICKORY BENTON ST. CLAIR HENRY CEDAR DADE BARTON VERNON BATES STONE McDONALD NEWTON CHRISTIAN OZARK MONITEAU OSAGE PHELPS
- 21. Core Public Health General Revenue Funding Per Capita $1.71 $1.70 $1.68 $1.57 $1.56 $1.55 $1.53 $1.71 $1.67 $1.62 $1.47 $1.41 $1.36 $1.30 $1.20 $1.30 $1.40 $1.50 $1.60 $1.70 $1.80 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Per capita support Per capita support discounted due to inflation Fiscal Year
- 22. 0.79% 3.49% 1.51% 0.00% -5.93% 0.00% 7.03% 1.76% 0.00% -0.68% -8.00% -6.00% -4.00% -2.00% 0.00% 2.00% 4.00% 6.00% 8.00% FY 2002 FY 2003 FY 2004 FY 2005 FY 2006 Local Public Health Agency revenues raised locally State Core Public Health General Revenue funding Local Public Health Agency Revenue Growth (Local Revenues vs. State Core Public Health GR Funding)
- 23. Missouri Public Health and You • In action every day, in every county of the state • Assures our children are immunized • Puts plans in place for emergency and disaster management • Detects and curtails infectious diseases • Reduces effects of diseases like diabetes and asthma • Monitors drinking water quality, and • Helps keep restaurant food safe