This document provides tips for making presentations more powerful. It emphasizes the importance of preparation such as brainstorming ideas offline before creating slides. The main message of the presentation should be distilled into a single sentence. Storytelling is recommended to engage audiences. Simplicity is key - slides should have minimal text and empty space. Overcrowding slides and reading slides verbatim should be avoided. Using colorful pictures and focusing on the presenter rather than the slides can make presentations more memorable and impactful.

1. A few tips on
How to make your presentations
more
powerful
By Adomas Baltagalvis
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2. Content:
Preparation 3
NO Turning Back 6
Story Telling 6
Simplicity 7
OVERCROWDED 8
Space 9
Avoid Black & White 10
Make it COLOURFUL 10
Using Pictures 11
Reliable Fonts 24
CONNECT 25
Body Language 26
Pecha Kucha 28
Learn from Others 29
TIPS and TRICKS 33
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3. Preparation
The first very important thing to remember is that PowerPoint is NOT an
application for generating ideas. Its main purpose is to make your ideas
visible.
Thus, the first thing to do is to turn off your laptop/PC.
-> Go analog - take a pen and paper - and brainstorm!
Advantages:
• You can write down all your ideas much faster.
• You can see the overall picture very easily.
• It is very easy to make connections between your ideas and group them.
Generate as many ideas as possible concerning the topic that you are
working on. Think of all the things you want your audience to know and how
you could present it. After you have a sufficiently large amount of different ideas
(at least 20 mins of brainstorming), your aim is to think of the overall picture of
your presentation and to work on a logical flow of your ideas.
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4. It is also the time to think of the main
MESSAGE that you want to get across.
The message is probably the most important thing of a presentation, yet,
so many times it’s completely forgotten.
To put it simply: think of the “message” as
a one sentence pitch
If something really bad happened and you cannot deliver your entire
presentation:
• what would be this one sentence that would sum up your entire presentation?
• What would be the core idea of your speech?
• If it was the only thing you wanted your audience to remember, what would it
be?
• If it was a summary of something, how would you summarize it in one
sentence and sell it to the audience?
How would you sell your entire
presentation with only one sentence?
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5. You are the presenter1 and, after you have practiced
a lot2 and know everything you want to say by heart3, the
impact of what you say4 can be much greater if you use
memorable supporting visuals5 and keep simplicity6 ,
clarity and essentialness in your mind all the time.
To make it even clearer, notice that there is a difference between the topic and
the message. An example:
• Topic (what is it about?) - “4th quarter results”.
• Message (what is the core point of the presentation?) - “Due to
extremely bad weather conditions, the results were worse than expected
in the UK but they were offset by a tremendous increase in our sales
overseas.”
1 The presenter - You are the presentation. You are the one who is delivering it and you should be the main
focus point.
2Having practiced a lot - a key to successful delivery is practice. Spend time and run through all your
presentation several times until you feel comfortable with it.
3It is necessary to know all the information by heart, otherwise you will struggle with delivering your
presentation (making mistakes with overcrowding and reading the slides) and will not be able to get your
message across.
4What you say is the most important thing in the presentation, not the PowerPoint slides. People have
come to listen to you and your stories, not to look at your slides.
5Memorable supporting visuals - again, PowerPoint slides can make your presentation much more impactful
but they have to be only a support. The most memorable are photos accompanied with stories.
6 You can make the presentation more powerful by remembering to strive for simplicity and essentialness
in your slides. Make it as easy understandable as possible and get rid off all the things that do not add value
to your slides and your presentation.
5

6. NO Turning Back
One of the mistakes that many people do is reading the information from the
slides on the big screen. It is not a good thing because:
• The audience can read the slides by themselves (hopefully) and they can
actually do it faster than you can talk.
• The presenter turns his back to the audience and loses eye-contact, thus,
the audience feels less appreciated.
• The audience might assume that the presenter doesn’t know the
information on his slides or what he actually wants to say.
Now, it is actually very easy to get rid of such habit. The only thing you have to
do is switch to the “Presenter’s View”.
Story Telling
A very quick advice - incorporate stories in your presentations! They are
personal, they are emotional and that’s why we remember different stories so
well. It might even be the case that the only thing the audience remembers from
your presentation is a story!
We tend to attach our own feelings to those stories and image ourselves as
different characters. We like to see a character who develops and overcomes
major problems.
A conflict/problem is a crucial element of a story - don’t forget that the next
time you are telling one!
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7. Simplicity
Less is More.
“Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.”
- Leonardo da Vinci
“Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler.”
- Albert Einstein
“Simplicity is the final achievement. After one has played a vast quantity of notes
and more notes, it is simplicity that emerges as the crowning reward of art. “
- Frederic Chopin
Whenever you are designing your slides, it is important that you strive for
simplicity. The simplicity that I am talking about incorporates clarity,
directness, essentialness, minimalism and elegance. Stop yourself
from putting unnecessary things into your slides and always remember what is
your main message.
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8. OVERCROWDED
Very often you will see slides that are overcrowded with information. Even more
often you will find that the presenter is actually reading the slides that are in front
of you - avoid doing that at all costs!
Why is it bad? For the same reasons why turning your back is bad as well.
More importantly, the audience cannot focus completely on two things at the
same time.
If they see a lot of text in front of them, they will try to read it. But at the same
time the presenter will be talking about some other things! If the audience
cannot focus on any of the material, they will loose their interest and the
presentation will be a failure.
How can it be fixed? With good preparation. Remove the information from the
slides and actually memorize it, use pictures instead of text and, if you
desperately need to provide them with a lot of different information, give proper
handouts! Your slides are not supposed to be handouts!
1x7x7 - A simple guideline for
not overloading your slides.
On 1 slide 7 bullet points,
there should be no more than
each of them should NOT be longer than 7 words.
Of course, very often you will need to put a sentence or two on a slide (i.e. a
quote), don’t be afraid of that but remember to keep it as simple as possible.
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9. Don’t be afraid of leaving a lot of ‘empty’
Space
It will help your audience to focus on
what is really important in your slides.
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10. Avoid Black & White
Black and white is the simplest design. It might save a lot of your time but what
matters is the time of the audience - you don’t want them to waste an hour
of their life listening to a boring presentation! Put some efforts and show that
you really care about the visual part of your presentation, that is, you care
about the audience and what they see. So...
Make it COLOURFUL
Everyone is bored to death with black and white slides. Put some life into your
presentations by using a few colours. Probably the best way of doing that is to
highlight the words that are the most important:
“Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.”
- Leonardo da Vinci
Don’t overdo it either, try not to use more than 2-3 different colors in
one slide.
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11. Using Pictures
A good way to make your presentation more memorable is to use a picture as a
background without leaving empty spaces on the sides. Pictures leave a
lasting impression because they are much better at illustrating things.
1. Choose pictures that have enough of free space.
2. Make sure the picture “bleeds” - occupies the entire slide.
3. Of course, high quality pictures are a necessity.
4. Add text and make it stand out. Make sure that the you use high quality
pictures
BAD GOOD
Now, take a look at the examples below. Without the presenter, most of them
would make no sense! The same picture is used in telling different stories and
that’s what makes them so powerful and memorable.
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12. A picture is the best tool in making your points more valid and memorable.
“a PICTURE is
worth a thousand words”
One of most amazing experiences in my career was the opportunity to film... King
Kong.
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13. Using Black & White slides is NOT good.
Black &
White
Nothing in my life is so important as a well-planned checkmate.
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14. Go analog. Use pen and paper to generate all your ideas.
LOG
NAper rm -
A d Pa deas
!
Go Pen an o
nst te all t he i
B rai a
G ener
Is it crucial to take notes during lectures? Or is it better to just listen?
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15. One of my favourite hobbies is snowboarding. The adrenaline and the incredible
feeling that I get in the mountains makes me feel young again.
My passion: feeling the
adrenaline rush!
92% of accidents in the mountains occur for people who are taking risks without
knowing their true capabilities.
92% of
accidents
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16. My father took me to the mountains when I was nine years old and I was
passionate of them ever since. The harmony of all the shapes and colours is just
breathtaking.
You have to get up very early and have all your equipment prepared long before
the sunrise. Only then you will take the incredible shots.
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17. You would always find so many frogs around the place where I spent my
childhood. No wonder why I chose it to be the symbol of my company as well.
20times Frogs can jump up to
their own body length!
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18. I love cycling! I do it every day and I haven’t found a better way to stay fit.
Cycling -
a perfect way to
stay fit!
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19. It was the first time I tried surfing and I loved it!
And what are your
dream holidays?
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20. One time - One moment.
And then continue with telling the audience about the traditional Japanese tea
ceremony, while explaining it with pictures, NOT bullet points!..
I think you get the idea by now!☺
PowerPoint was invented to make the presentation more powerful by assisting
your speech with visual data.
REMEMBER: you are the presentation! All the attention of the audience has to
be on you and on your speech. Use photos to make your speech more
powerful, credible and memorable and it will definitely rock the house!
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21. Simple steps to improve your text
What countries would you like to visit?
Step 1.
Change the font from Arial to Verdana, Optima or Helvetica Neue
Light (or any other that looks “decent”: a bit stylish, still very simple and
understandable)
What countries would you like to visit?
(font used: Optima)
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22. Step 2.
Make an emphasis on the most important word. This time it is “you”. Make it
much bigger, bold and italic.
What countries would you like to visit?
Step 3.
Change the colour to something else than black. Try dark grey, dark red or
brown. And center the text.
I even prefer to change the “you” font to “Baskerville”.
What countries would you like to visit?
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23. Step 4.
You can add colour if you want the word to stand out even more.
What countries would you like to visit?
SUM UP
By taking these simple steps you will put an emphasis on “you”. It will make the
audience feel much more appreciated which is our main objective!
It is very easy to do it in all different situations. If you have a quote, make some
words stand out, it will be the main attraction point and will make the flow of
your presentation much easier as well.
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24. Reliable Fonts
It is not a rule, it is more of a suggestion or a guideline for making your text
simple but clear and effective.
Baskerville
Bodoni
Big Caslon
Franklin Gothic
Futura
Garamond
Gill Sans
Helvetica Neu
Myriad Pro
Optima
My personal favourites are Optima, Helvetica Neu and Myriad Pro. I usually
use Gill Sans when I need something big and bold.
By the way!
VERY OFTEN I will make the space between paragraphs (or the “Line
Spacing”) smaller to make it more compact! Compare:
GILL SANS GILL SANS
What do you think?
What do you think?
(Line spacing: 0.6) (Line spacing: 1)
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25. CONNECT
If you want to make your audience understand your material and accept it, one
of the main tasks for you is to make a connection with them. Otherwise, if you
are perceived as a cold person, no matter how good the information or how
credible your sources will be, the presentation will not be a 100% success!
First, don’t stand behind a lectern/podium or a table(where a typical lecturer
would be) because they are barriers between you and the audience. Instead,
move closer to people and try to really engage them.
Second, my personal recommendation for you is to get rid off any notes
(especially A4 size), because:
1) if you are holding your notes in one of your hands, it limits your gestures and
your entire body language, thus, limits how well/impactfully you can convey
the message.
2) if you have any notes, you will most probably read them instead of keeping
eye contact with the audience and you will not be seen as a credible/honest/
natural person which is very bad. And if you don’t even look at your notes,
why should you have them with you?
3) if you need any notes, you have to go back to the preparation stage. It is
necessary that you know all the information by heart and it will allow you to
make any of these mistakes.
However, if you do think that you might become slightly
nervous and forget the information, you can have notes but
they have to be small. Don’t put all the information on
them, instead of that, write down only a few bullet points of
the core things that you want to say.
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26. Third, Body Language
BODY
LANGUAGE
You have to be aware of your body language.
Start with a simple thing - smile throughout your presentation and be
passionate! Show them how interesting the topic is for you, how beneficial it
can be for them, and they will surely listen to you.
• Don’t cross your arms on your chest, people usually do that unconsciously
when they are bored.
• Don’t put your hands into your pockets, you want to use your hands and
gestures to illustrate different points.
• Avoid leaning on one of your legs, instead, stand straight, shoulders back - it
will make a good impression on the audience and you will be seen as a
confident and strong presenter.
Some of you might also have some ticks, things that you unconsciously do
again and again. It can be words, such as “like.. like.. like... aaahh... ummm..
you know... okay...” or different hand gestures (clapping, pointing with your
fingers, “shooting” people...) as they might be very distracting to the audience.
It is possible to get rid of your ticks but it might take some time. But don’t
worry- even the greatest leaders sometimes find it difficult.
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27. Finally - eye contact.
It is very important that you remember to maintain eye contact with everyone in
the audience, especially with people sitting in front corners.
A very simple concept that can help you remember this, is “the lighthouse
effect”. It suggests to maintain eye contact with every individual (depending on
the size of the group) for at least 2-3s while “scanning” them from one side to
another.
You can also practice it with a very simple task. During a training session on
presentational skills or anytime when someone has to present in front, everyone
in the audience have to raise their hand and can only put it down when the
presenter has maintained eye contact for at least 3 seconds. Thus, the
presenter is forced to look at everyone and it greatly improves the connection
between him and the audience.
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28. Pecha Kucha
20x20
PechaKucha 20x20 is a simple presentation format where you show 20
images, each for 20 seconds. The images forward automatically and you talk
along to the images. So, the total duration of the presentation is exactly 6min
40s.
“Drawing its name from the Japanese term for the sound of "chit
chat", it rests on a presentation format that is based on a simple idea:
20 images x 20 seconds. It's a format that makes presentations
concise, and keeps things moving at a rapid pace.”
- www.pecha-kucha.org
PechaKucha can be a very powerful tool for becoming better at presenting. It is
a very strict format which requires a lot of practice and a very good timing.
When delivering such presentation, try to tell the audience a story and assist it
with memorable photos - it will certainly leave a lasting impression.
You can find examples of PechaKucha presentations on internet, here are
some two of them:
A shocking story about a mountaineer who lost his fingers but never gave up his
passion:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xsEk5pkaQis
A story of an adventurer who has cycled around the world and much more:
http://www.pecha-kucha.org/presentations/27
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29. Learn from Others
“One of the best ways to master something is to learn from others.”
From my point of view, Steve Jobs is the one of the greatest presenters in the
world and you can learn amazing things from his presentations.
Notice:
• the words he uses (phenomenal, works like magic, incredible,
extraordinary...) to describe how enthusiastic and passionate he is,
• the humor and the simplicity of his slides,
• how he uses photos to support his message
and keep in mind that he spends an incredible amount of time practicing his
presentations and making it seem almost effortless.
Even a person with no technological background is able to follow his
presentations with no problems.
You can find all the recent presentations on:
http://www.apple.com/apple-events/
Some videos:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ftf4riVJyqw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBhYxj2SvRI
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30. I learned many different things about effective presentations from this
amazing book:
Presentation Zen by Garr Reynolds
I highly recommend it to everyone who is really interested in presentations and
how to make them powerful.
He has also published two other books that are just incredible. It’s amazing how
he takes all the information he knows and presents it in a such understandable
manner.
Presentation Zen: DESIGN and Naked Presenter
All these books are amazing. And if you really want to have an advantage
among your peers, these are the right books to learn from.
30

31. Some very valuable sources:
Phil Waknell’s blog: Phil Presents
philpresents.com
Presentation Zen Blog
www.presentationzen.com
Nancy Duarte Blog
blog.duarte.com/
Present Like Steve Jobs
www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-ntLGOyHw4
Killer Presentation Skills
www.youtube.com/watch?v=whTwjG4ZIJg
Duarte Design's Five Rules for Presentations
www.youtube.com/watch?v=hT9GGmundag
What is Presentation Zen?
www.youtube.com/watch?v=vFDm1-DVdyc
Engage Through Storytelling
www.youtube.com/watch?v=GY3u6QuZXEs
And if you are nervous in front of an audience, relax - even the
greatest presenters experienced the same at the beginning.
Practice will help you become more confident.
Steve Jobs early TV appearance
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FzDBiUemCSY
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32. Finally, a great source of inspiration can
be the slideshare.net webpage.
Many great examples of brilliantly designed PowerPoint slides can be found
there. A few examples:
http://www.slideshare.net/jessedee/you-suck-at-powerpoint
http://www.slideshare.net/jessedee/steal-this-presentation-5038209
http://www.slideshare.net/jessedee/100cannes
( http://www.slideshare.net/jessedee )
http://www.slideshare.net/mrcoryjim/tedx-presentation-design-tips-ep
http://www.slideshare.net/garr/brain-rules-for-presenters
http://www.slideshare.net/mzkagan/what-the-fk-is-social-media-one-year-later
http://www.slideshare.net/garr/sample-slides-by-garr-reynolds
http://www.slideshare.net/garr/career-advice-08
http://www.slideshare.net/garr/garrs-slides-pptlive-08-presentation
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33. TIPS and TRICKS
1. Buy a clicker to advance the slides.
2. Set up the “presenterʼs view”.
3. Turn off your computer during the preparation stage.
4. Use a pen and paper to brainstorm your ideas.
5. Write down the key message of your presentation as a one sentence
pitch.
6. Donʼt look at the slides.
7. Prepare proper handouts if necessary.
8. Remember to strive for simplicity - get rid of all unnecessary things from
your slides.
9. Avoid complicated transitions.
10. Donʼt overcrowd your slides.
11. Contrast things.
12. Make some words stand out.
13. Use pictures.
14. Tell stories.
15. Start the presentation with a punch.
16. Avoid all the barriers between you and the audience, i.e. a lectern
(podium), tables...
17. Remember to keep eye contact with the audience, especially with people
in front, in the corners.
18. Donʼt cross your arms on your chest.
19. Keep your hands out of your pockets.
20. Smile while you are presenting.
21. No chewing gums.
22. Get to know the room, if you can, see how much space you have to walk
around the room.
23. Usually, the multimedia will darken all the colours - keep that in mind and
check it before the presentation.
24. Copy good presentations... and...
25. Practice, practice, practice!
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34. And although I still have some ideas left, I think it’s time
to stop...
I hope you found this guide useful and will incorporate
some of these ideas in your next presentation! Farewell,
and I wish you...
GOOD
LUCK!
Finally, a huge thanks goes to Daniel Bell from AIESEC
City for showing the true beauty of presentations.
Kind regards,
Adomas Baltagalvis
AIESEC Nottingham, UK
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