the commercial names and alchemy substance and how it is used for daily life and its importance with respect to competitive examinations like CGL etc.,

1. Alchemy
• HEAT IS EVOLVED = EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS (Burning of Candle)
• HEAT IS ABSORBED = ENDOTHERMIC (Melting of ice cubes , salts)
• LIGHT IS REQUIRED = PHOTOCHEMICAL (Photosynthesis)
• LIGHT IS EMITTED/ EVOLVED = CHEMI LUMINESCENT
• (flame/firefly / and other fluroscent chemicals)
• ELECTIRCITY REQUIRED = ELECTROLYTIC REACTIONS
• (Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide)
• ELECTRICITY EVOLVED = ELECTRO CHEMICAL REACTIONS
• (Batteries of all sorts)

2. ALCHEMY
SL.NO COMPOUND SPECIAL NAME USES
01 H2SO4 King of Chemicals
Oil of Vitreol
Industrial uses, Lead Acid Car Batteries
Fertilisers explosives etc
02 HCl Hydrochloric Acid Fertilizers, dyes chemical and others
03 Nitric Acid HNO3 For production of Ammonium Nitrates
TNT, Oxidiser 3COOH for liquid fuel
rockets, doping agents, removal of
warts
04 CH3COOH Acetic Acid / KHADI Vinegar used as preservatives for
food NAOH
05 Sodium Hydroxide
NAOH
Caustic Soda /LYE Manufacture of soaps, explosives,
petroleum products etc
06 Na2Co3 Sodium Carbonate
Washing Soda
Washing soda, glass manufacture
fluxing agent production of Baking
soda etc

3. ALCHEMY
SL.NO COMPOUND SPECIAL NAME USES
07 Na2HCO3 Sodium Bicarbonate /Baking Soda Baking powder, Fire Extinguishers ,
antacid etc
08 CuSO4.5H2O Blue Vitreol / Blue stone
Copper Sulphate Penta Hydrate
Used as Fungicide . Its mixture with
Lime is called Bordeaux Mixture
Decorative agents in ceramics cement
and in book binding glues
09 AgNO3 Lunar Caustic / Silver Nitrate Chemistry of Photography
Anti infective agent/ anti bacterial
10 AGBr Silver Bromide Photographic films , light sensitive and
create image
11 KBrO3 Pottassium Bromate Baking Bread dough strengthening ,
elasticity in bread etc
12 Na2S2O3 Sodium Thio Sulphate /
Hypo
Washing of X – Ray films / cyanide
poisoning treatment / to treat fungal
infection of skin

4. ALCHEMY
SL.NO COMPOUND SPECIAL NAME USES
13 CO2, CH4, No2
Ozone
Green house gases
Methane also called marsh gas
Global Warming
14 Co & So2 Pollutants Carbon monoxide causes many
respiratory disorders and diseases
So2 causes Acid rain
15 C2H4 Ethylene Artificial ripening of fruits
Gaseous Harmone
16 C2H2 Acetylene Gas welding
17 Agcl Horn silver /chlorargyrite Ore of silver / treat mercury
poisoning/antiseptic / disinfectant
18 Ca(OH)2 Calcium Hydroxide / slaked lime
Caustic lime /hydrated water
Construction and various chemical uses
19 Cao Quik lime Manufacture of iron steel, bleaching
powder calcium carbide etc
20 NH3 Ammonia Refrigerant and many industrial
applications

5. ALCHEMY
SL.NO COMPOUND SPECIAL NAME USES
21 NH4NO3 Ammonium Nitrate Nitrogen Fertilizer / component for
explosives mining quarrying etc
22 Co(NH2)2 Carbamide /urea Fertilisers /hair conditioners
23 NH4Cl Sal Ammoniac / ammonium Chloride Dry batteries / thinning agent /
Fertiliser zinc coating etc
24 (NH4)2SO4 Ammonium sulphate Fertiliser / commercial uses
25 Ca(H2PO4)2 Super Phosphate Fertiliser
26 (NH4)2HPO4 Di Ammonium Phosphate Fertiliser
27 Aqua regio 3 : 1 ratio of of HCL and HNO3 Royal Water / dissolving gold
28 FeSO4.7H2O Ferrous sulphate Hepa Hydrate
Green Vitreol
Medicine to treat iron deficiency /
sewage treatment / pigment and
fertilizer
29 ZnSO4 Zinc Sulphate / White vitriol Cosmetic products /anti microbial / anti
plaque agent

6. ALCHEMY
SL.NO COMPOUND SPECIAL NAME USES
30 AGI Silver Iodide Artificial Rain
31 AGBR Lunar Caustic Silver Bromide Photographic images
32 SiC Corborandum / Silicon Carbide Cutting and Polishing of diamond
/abrasives
33 Ag2Hg3 Silver Amalgam Filling of Teeth / RCT
34 Tin Amalgam Silvering of mirrorsHg
35 Au4Hg5 Gold Amalgam Purification of gold
36 Mg(OH)2 &
Al(OH)3
Milk of Magnesia Antacid / bowel movements/ laxative
37 Ca2CO3 Calcium Carbonate Marbles /GERD /CKD
38 2CaSO4.H2O Plaster of Paris
Calcium sulphate hemi hydrate
Medical field / Ortho treatment /
Construction field
39 CaSO4.2H2O Gypsum
Calsium sulphate dihydrate
Fertiliser, sculpture application
architecture etc
40 CaOCl2 Bleaching Powder Bleaching , pureficaiton of water,
Laundry

7. ALCHEMY
SL.NO COMPOUND SPECIAL NAME USES
41 CH4 + CO + H2 Coal Gas Lighting, heating & cooking
42 CHg2Cl2 Calamel Laboratory reagent, fungicide, depolarizer in
dry batteries
43 CO + N2 Producer Gas Industrial fuel for Iron & Steel, Blast furnace
44 CO + H2 Water Gas Production of Ammonia
45 Pb(C2H5)4 Tetra Ethyl Lead Anti Knocking Agent, fuel economy,
46 CH3CH2SH Ethyl Mercapton /ethanethiol Warning Odour
47 CCL4 Carbon Tetra Chloride / Universal
Solvent / Pyrene
Solvent in rubber industry / dry cleaning /
Fire extinguisher
48 Cement Calcium aluminium silicate +
Gypsum + Lime
Construction / binding
49 Gun Powder Charcoal + Sulphur + KNO3 Fire projectiles, detonators for explosive
50 RDX
C3H6N6O6
Research & Development Explosive /
Royal demolition explosive
Cyclo Tri Methyl ene tri nitramine
Explosives,

8. ALCHEMY
SL.NO COMPOUND SPECIAL NAME USES
51 C5H8NO4Na Ajinamotto / Mono Sodium
Glucomate
Flavour enhancer in food industries
52 C10H8O4 Terylene ( Made from)
Tetraopthalic acid with ethylene
glycol
Fashion Garments , Plastic bottles, sheets,
nets ropes raincoat etc
53 C9H8O4 AcSAIDetyl Salicyclic Acid /
Aspirin
NSAID - mild to moderate pain
54 (C12H22N202)N
NYLON 6
(Carpolactum is repeating unit)
Adipic Acid + Hexamethylene
diamine
Air bags, parachuts, nylon ropes tarpaulins,
nets and tents etc
55 Galvanisation Coating of Iron with Zinc (rust proof
56 Power Alcohol Absolute Alcohol + Gasoline
57 ZNs Zinc Sulphide / Zinc Blende Phosphorescence / decorative applications
58 C2H5OH +
CH3OH
Methylated spirit ( 95 % + 5%) Laboratory uses

9. ALCHEMY
SL.NO COMPOUND SPECIAL NAME USES
59 Laughing Gas N2O Nitrous Oxide Anaesthetic Agent
60 BHC / C6H6Cl Benzene Hexa Chloride Insecticide / agricultural purpose
61 DDT
C14H9Cl5
Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloro
Ethane
Common insecticide
62 (C6H60-CH2OH)N
BAKELITE
Condensation of Phenol with
formaldehye produces Bakelite
Thermosetting polymers
63 (H2C-CHCl)N
PVC
Poly vinyl chloride Pipes, plastic chairs etc
64 C6H2(NO2)3CH3 Tri Nitro Toluene Artillery shells, grenades, dye and other
chemical us sweeteneres / Manufacturing
artificial
65 MgSO4 /
Epsom SALT
Magnesium sulphate Pain and muscle cramps constipation
66 Artificial sweeteners Aspartame, Xylitol,
Sachharin,acesulflame, sucralose
Beverages, baking and brewery
67 (NH4)2(FeSO4)2.6H2O Mohrs salt Food preservative, anti freeze de icing
agent

10. ALCHEMY
SL.NO COMPOUND SPECIAL NAME USES
70 BaSO4 Barium Sulphate X ray diagnosis
71 Na2{B4O5(OH)4}.8H2) BORAX Manufacturing of glasses
72 CH CLl3 Chloroform Anaesthetic agent
73 Vanaspathi Hydrogenation Oil in the
presence of Nickel catalyst
Cooking
74 D2O Heavy Water Moderator in Nuclear Reactors
75 Zn + Nickel + Cu German Silver Pots toys, utensils
76 Hg(CNO)2 Mercury Fulminate Detonators / very sensitive to friction
77 Serpasil Extracted from rowfolia
serpentine
Tranqulisers / treat high blood pressure
78 Alumino silicate
minerals / feldspar
Zeolites Softening of water
79 Sodium silicate Ultramarieners Laundry purpose
80 HF Hydrofluoric Acid Etching of glasses
81 Liquid Glucose & Agar
Agar
Gelidium Algae Substratum / ice cream

11. ALCHEMY
SL.NO COMPOUND SPECIAL NAME USES
82 Silicones Vulcanisation of rubber
83 C3H5(ONO2)3 Nitroglycerin Explosives
84 C6H2(NO2)3CH3 DYNAMITE Explosive
85 ZnCO3 Calamine / zinc carbonate Itching, skin irritation
86 Chrome Green, Chrome orange
chrome red
Paint pigments
87 Sb2O3 Flowers of Antimony Flame retardents
88 Iron di sulphide Fools Gold Gold like appearance
89 ZnO Philosophers wool White pigment for paints / skin ointment
90 Stanic sulfide Mosaic Gold
91 Purple of cassius Mixture of gold, stannous and
stannic chloride
Glass colouring cranberry glasses / gold
test
92 Oil of tartar Concentrated K2CO3 solution Fare complexion
93 Na2SO4 Glaubers salt Laxative in medicines
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