Analytical element modelling (AEM) as a tool to quantify the impact of weirs on groundwater levels
Jayson Gabriel Pinza
University of Antwerp
Sarah Garré
Instituut voor Landbouw-, Visserij- en Voedingsonderzoek
Jan Vanderborght
KULeuven
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
Jan Staes
University of Antwerp
Climate change can influence the hydrology of rural areas, affecting the availability of surface and groundwater along with potential flood and drought risks that impact people and even ecosystems. In these areas, a suitable design of ditch network accompanied by proper weir operation schemes is imperative to improve groundwater recharge that will alleviate water scarcity and also to minimize unwanted water surpluses on surface. Here, we show that analytic element modeling (AEM) can be performed as a less computationally intensive visual guide to determine (1) the best monitoring sites for ditch water and groundwater levels and (2) the predicted impacts of weir operations on these water levels during a hydrological year, given the proposed locations and scheduled periods of opening and closing of these weirs. With these, water resource managers in rural areas can use AEM as a preliminary tool to refine both the monitoring of ditches and the operation of weirs at landscape-scale level to minimize impending threats from future floods and droughts.
Progress seminar of my phd on Rainwater runoff on porous building materials due to wind-driven rain. The focus of this presentation was on the experimental work, but also contained an update on the WDR simulations with OpenFOAM.
Progress seminar of my phd on Rainwater runoff on porous building materials due to wind-driven rain. The focus of this presentation was on the experimental work, but also contained an update on the WDR simulations with OpenFOAM.
slope stability and seepage by slide software (Teton dam)AbdullahKhan798
Teton dam is being modeled by slide software and other improved models are shown. It is tried to get the correct data for teton dam there may be some errors
Self Sustainable Hybrid Solar Photo voltaic Cleaning Mechanism coupled with W...YashGuptaa
n the present research work a novel self-sustainable hybrid solar photovoltaic cleaning mechanism coupled with water distillation unit has been proposed. The experiments were conducted on the PV (photovoltaic) modules at Bennett University, Greater Noida A-block terrace from 7th to 13th October, 2019. Post installation, the average efficiencies of the solar PV module system with and without cleaning were compared to obtain a hike by 1.34 %. The water used for cleaning was recycled using a single slope basin type solar still which indicated a working efficiency of 67.94 %. On an average the solar still yielded 5.3 Litres of pure water every day during the experiment with a TDS (total dissolved solids) level of 104 ppm.
Groundwater dynamics play a crucial role in landscape rehydratation. However, there is still a big gap in the understanding of the groundwater flow dynamics. Heterogeneities and dynamics are often underestimated and therefore not taken into account. They are of crucial input for successful management and design of measures like weirs and level-controled drainage systems. The bulk of the mass of mass often is transported through only a small layer or section within the aquifer and is in cases of seepage into surface water very dependent to rainfall, evapotranspiration and occurring tidal effects. This study contains the use of novel real-time iFLUX sensors to map the groundwater flow dynamics over time.
The iFLUX sensor provides real-time data on groundwater flow rate and flow direction. It consists of multiple bidirectional flow sensors that are superimposed. The sensor probe can be installed directly in the subsoil, riverbed or monitoring well. The measurement setup is unique as it can perform measurements every second, ideal to map rapid changing flow conditions. The measurement range is between 0,5 and 500 cm per day.
The City Walls of Damme are a nature reserve of 140 hectares, located near walls of Dam-me. Specific measures were taken to achieve the rewetting of grasslands and swamp forests. A unique real-time hydrological measurement network supports the measures. The network consists of several iFLUX flow sensors to map infiltration, drainage & horizontal flow, combined with a network of groundwater and surface water level, salinity and meteo data. The project also includes a dune ridge infiltration to create an inland freshwater reserve in the coast and raise the freshwater table in order to counter the salinization of the coastal zone. The iFLUX sensing network is being expanded in that zone. Flux sensors in combination with EC sensors will continuously monitor the infiltrated freshwater bubble and its surroundings.
slope stability and seepage by slide software (Teton dam)AbdullahKhan798
Teton dam is being modeled by slide software and other improved models are shown. It is tried to get the correct data for teton dam there may be some errors
Self Sustainable Hybrid Solar Photo voltaic Cleaning Mechanism coupled with W...YashGuptaa
n the present research work a novel self-sustainable hybrid solar photovoltaic cleaning mechanism coupled with water distillation unit has been proposed. The experiments were conducted on the PV (photovoltaic) modules at Bennett University, Greater Noida A-block terrace from 7th to 13th October, 2019. Post installation, the average efficiencies of the solar PV module system with and without cleaning were compared to obtain a hike by 1.34 %. The water used for cleaning was recycled using a single slope basin type solar still which indicated a working efficiency of 67.94 %. On an average the solar still yielded 5.3 Litres of pure water every day during the experiment with a TDS (total dissolved solids) level of 104 ppm.
Groundwater dynamics play a crucial role in landscape rehydratation. However, there is still a big gap in the understanding of the groundwater flow dynamics. Heterogeneities and dynamics are often underestimated and therefore not taken into account. They are of crucial input for successful management and design of measures like weirs and level-controled drainage systems. The bulk of the mass of mass often is transported through only a small layer or section within the aquifer and is in cases of seepage into surface water very dependent to rainfall, evapotranspiration and occurring tidal effects. This study contains the use of novel real-time iFLUX sensors to map the groundwater flow dynamics over time.
The iFLUX sensor provides real-time data on groundwater flow rate and flow direction. It consists of multiple bidirectional flow sensors that are superimposed. The sensor probe can be installed directly in the subsoil, riverbed or monitoring well. The measurement setup is unique as it can perform measurements every second, ideal to map rapid changing flow conditions. The measurement range is between 0,5 and 500 cm per day.
The City Walls of Damme are a nature reserve of 140 hectares, located near walls of Dam-me. Specific measures were taken to achieve the rewetting of grasslands and swamp forests. A unique real-time hydrological measurement network supports the measures. The network consists of several iFLUX flow sensors to map infiltration, drainage & horizontal flow, combined with a network of groundwater and surface water level, salinity and meteo data. The project also includes a dune ridge infiltration to create an inland freshwater reserve in the coast and raise the freshwater table in order to counter the salinization of the coastal zone. The iFLUX sensing network is being expanded in that zone. Flux sensors in combination with EC sensors will continuously monitor the infiltrated freshwater bubble and its surroundings.
An important shortcoming of modelling tools that are used for managing hydro(geo)logical problems is that the tools are focusing on one specific compartment of the terrestrial system such as the groundwater, the soil water, or the surface water. However, the management of complex water related problems requires a holistic approach that considers the interactions between the different compartments at local and regional scales. For instance, the soil water status at a farmer’s field is influenced by the groundwater level whereas groundwater levels depend on the interaction with the surface water and on groundwater recharge and water infiltration and percolation through the soil in a larger area. Local measures that influence the water infiltration and surface water levels have an impact on the local soil water balance and groundwater recharge and influence groundwater levels and storage at a larger scale. These interactions between different compartments and acting at different spatial and temporal scales can be represented in fully coupled hydrological models of the terrestrial system that consider groundwater, soil, vegetation, and atmosphere. Using physics-based models, that solve mass and energy balance equations based on gradient-based estimates of fluxes, the different compartments can be coupled straightforwardly and consistently and information about the geology, soil types, vegetation, and topography of the region can be included in the model, in principle without calibration. One of the big advantages of physics-based models is that local changes can be related directly to parameter changes of the model so that their impact on the terrestrial water balance can be evaluated directly without requiring data about the reaction of the system to such changes that are needed to re-parameterize the model.
A coupled model integrating groundwater, surface water (ParFlow), and landsurface-atmosphere interactions (CLM) has been setup for central Europe including Germany, the Benelux (covering the entire Scheldt and Meuse catchments), Switzerland, Austria, and the Czech Republic. The model is parameterized using harmonized geological (International Hydrogeological Map of Europe) and soil data (SoilGrids texture), using generic land use classes, and topography at a spatial resolution of 611 by 611 m. This model is implemented on the GPU booster of the Jülich Supercomputer Centre and driven by atmospheric forecasts obtained from the ECMWF. It provides 10-day forecasts of the hydrological status of the terrestrial system (wassermonitor) and a time series of 10 years providing a climatology of hydrological variables such as water storage and groundwater level.
We give a short demonstration of the model and present simulat
De Vlaamse landbouw heeft, vooral in relatief vlakke gebieden, een uitgebreid netwerk aan grachten en beken om de percelen te draineren in natte periodes. Deze drainage verdroogt het landschap en zorgt voor bijkomende opbrengstverliezen bij droogte. Gezien de acute droogteproblematiek is het belangrijk dat het landbouwkundig waterbeheer verduurzaamt waarbij de impact van landbouw op het watersysteem wordt ingeperkt. Door regelbare landbouwstuwen te installeren in grachten kunnen landbouwers zelf de lokale waterhuishouding beheren. Landbouwstuwen houden het water in het fijnmazige grachtenstelsel langer op, wat zorgt voor een langere infiltratietijd. Hierdoor verhoogt het bodemvochtgehalte en ook de grondwaterstanden in de omliggende percelen. Op lange termijn wordt er aan drukopbouw gedaan en worden grondwaterreserves minder snel uitgeput.
Vanuit de Bodemkundige Dienst van België wordt er onderzoek gedaan naar de geschiktheid van landbouwstuwen en naar hun impact op het omliggende landschap en de gewasopbrengst. Een gedetailleerde terrein- en bodemstudie, op basis van het Digitaal Hoogtemodel en de Belgische Bodemkaart, bepaalt de geschiktheid van landbouwstuwen op perceelsniveau. Aanvullend worden, met behulp van tijdsreeksanalyse, grondwaterstanden gesimuleerd voor een ongestuwd en gestuwd scenario. Vanuit een bodemwaterbalans-model worden vervolgens voor een ongestuwd en gestuwd scenario gewasopbrengsten berekend. Dit laat toe om advies te geven op basis van kwalitatieve en kwantitatieve criteria om zo landbouwstuwen optimaal in te zetten om de effecten van droogte te bestrijden.
Voor landbouwstuwen in het domein van De Liereman te Oud-Turnhout werd, voor het desbetreffende VLM project, een meerwaarde tot 7% in de gewasopbrengst geschat. Voor Bocholt Stuwt, een project gefinancierd door het Droogte Innovatie Fonds van provincie Limburg, worden aan de hand van de bovenvermelde analyse er 20 landbouwstuwen geïnstalleerd op strategische locaties. Deze worden gemonitord aan de hand van grondwatermetingen in de omgeving van de stuw en metingen van waterstanden in grachten. Aan de Prinsenloop in Noord-Limburg werd via een RTK-GPS het grachtenstelsel nauwkeurig in kaart gebracht. Een uitvoerige analyse op basis van deze resultaten identificeerde potentieel droge en natte gebieden.
Er zullen nieuwe stuwen worden geplaatst om het bestaande netwerk van stuwen dat dateert van begin jaren 2000 te optimaliseren aan de huidige omstandigheden. Bovenvermelde onderzoeken streven naar lokaal waterbeheer doormiddel van stuwen te plaatsen op de meest geschikte locatie, om de meeste impact te hebben. Deze landbouwstuwen hebben een groot potentieel om water op te houden in het fijnmazig grachtenstelsel en droogte-effecten te mitigeren.
The past dry summers of 2018, 2019 and 2020 have indicated the sensitivity of Flemish agriculture to drought. In the Flemish polders, this resulted not only in crop water stress, but also in increasing soil and water salinity levels due to the high evaporative demand which rises the historical saline water up to the root zone. Due to the increasing occurrence of weather extremes as a consequence of climate change, farmers and farming systems will need to adapt with both too little and too much freshwater in the future. Compared to conventional drainage systems, controlled drainage can secure crop productivity and lower the irrigation need by draining water only when it is strictly necessary and thereby leaving more opportunities for water retention and groundwater recharge.
As part of the project OP-PEIL, we will investigate the impact of adaptive drainage on water fluxes and availability, water quality as well as on the cropping system itself (crop growth, disease pressure, yield and quality) during 3 years. We will use geophysical techniques to monitor the impact of controlled drainage on the fresh/salt water interface in the drained field, as well as in the nearby landscape. Finally, we will set up numerical experiments using SWAP (water balance model), available historical climate, field management, and soil hydraulic properties data. This numerical experiment aims to evaluate more extensive climatological scenarios. By the end, this project will raise awareness of farmers and stakeholders about the impact of controlled drainage on agricultural practices in the Flemish Polders in Belgium.
Climate Adaptive Drainage CAD
Developments, experiences from 2010 to present, and application in Flanders
‘Smart Drainage Systems and Smart Management’
Scientific Knowledge Exchange
Brussels (B) November 10,2022
Controlled drainage with subirrigation
A management measure to discharge, retain, and recharge fresh groundwater
Janine de Wit (KWR & WUR)
Marjolein van Huijgevoort (KWR), Gé van den Eertwegh (KnowH2O), Dion van Deijl (KnowH2O), Jos van Dam (WUR), Ruud Bartholomeus (KWR & WUR)
10th November 2022, Brussel, Belgium
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
5. Preliminary Tools for Better
Hydrological Management of
Ditches and Weirs
Slide 5
Presenter
Jayson Gabriel Pinza
Joint PhD Student
Other Contributors
Jan Vanderborght
Sarah Garré
Jan Staes
Analytic Element Models
7. Conceptualizing the problem
Slide 7
North
Ditch
South
Ditch
0 meters
10 meters
Unconfined aquifer
What will be the groundwater levels?
Recharge
N
West
Ditch
Central
Ditch
East
Ditch
? ? ? ?
18. Conceptualizing Case 1
Slide 18
North
Ditch
South
Ditch
0 meters
10 meters
Unconfined aquifer
Recharge
400 mm/year
N
West
Ditch
Central
Ditch
East
Ditch
Hydraulic conductivity
1 meter/day
400
meters
1600 meters
Ditch heads are
constantly 0
19. Building AEM for Case 1
Slide 19
400
m
1600 m
“Open”
Boundary
“Open”
boundary
West
Ditch
North
Ditch
South
Ditch Central
Ditch
East
Ditch
N
20. Results show “dome” patterns
Slide 20
1.22 m
Central
Ditch
East
Ditch
North
Ditch
South
Ditch
1.22 m 1.22 m 1.22 m
West
Ditch
N
25. How is closure of weirs represented?
Slide 25
Retain water
Weir
Water level = 0 Water level > 0 m
Ditch water levels (to be retained) can be specified
Water level = 0
Weir
26. Conceptualizing Case 2
Slide 26
North
Ditch
South
Ditch
0 meters
10 meters
Unconfined aquifer
Recharge
400 mm/year
N
West
Ditch
Central
Ditch
East
Ditch
Hydraulic conductivity
1 meter/day
400
meters
1600 meters
Weir
Weir Weir Weir
Weir Weir
Constant head
0.5 m
Constant head
0.5 m
Constant head
0.5 m
27. Building AEM for Case 2
Slide 27
400
m
1600 m
“Open”
Boundary
“Open”
boundary
West
Ditch
North
Ditch
South
Ditch
N
Central
Ditch
East
Ditch
100 m
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Constant head
0.5 m
Constant head
0.5 m
Constant head
0.5 m
28. Slide 28
1.31 m
Asymmetrical Asymmetrical
Elliptical Elliptical
N
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
1.38 m 1.38 m 1.31 m
1.22 m 1.22 m 1.22 m 1.22 m
No weirs
(Case 1)
With
weirs
(Case 2)
Result: domes are now irregular
32. From Initial State (from Case 2)
Slide 32
Central
Ditch
East
Ditch
North
Ditch
South
Ditch West
Ditch
1.2 m 1.3 m 1.3 m 1.2 m
N
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
1.31 m
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
1.38 m 1.38 m 1.31 m
33. Open the weirs until 0 m everywhere
Slide 33
Central
Ditch
East
Ditch
North
Ditch
South
Ditch West
Ditch
N
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
35. Thus, perform AEM in Transient State
Slide 35
North
Ditch
South
Ditch
0 meters
10 meters
Unconfined aquifer
Recharge
400 mm/year
N
West
Ditch
Central
Ditch
East
Ditch
Hydraulic conductivity
1 meter/day
400
meters
1600 meters
Weir
Weir Weir Weir
Weir Weir
Weirs still closed (initial state)
Constant head
0.5 m
Constant head
0.5 m
Constant head
0.5 m
36. Thus, perform AEM in Transient State
Slide 36
North
Ditch
South
Ditch
0 meters
10 meters
Unconfined aquifer
Recharge
400 mm/year
N
West
Ditch
Central
Ditch
East
Ditch
Hydraulic conductivity
1 meter/day
400
meters
1600 meters
Weir
Weir Weir Weir
Weir Weir
Storativity
26% (average for medium-grained sand)
Weirs have been opened (day 1 onwards)
Constant head
0 m
Constant head
0 m
Constant head
0 m
0 mm/year
37. How long for the levels to fall down to 0 meters?
Answer: 4 to 5 years
Slide 37
Central
Ditch
East
Ditch
North
Ditch
South
Ditch West
Ditch
1.2 m 1.3 m 1.3 m 1.2 m
N
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
1.31 m 1.38 m 1.38 m 1.31 m
0.55 m 0.55 m 0.55 m 0.55 m
0.20 m 0.20 m 0.20 m 0.20 m
0.07 m 0.07 m 0.07 m 0.07 m
Day 0
Day 400
Day 800
Day 1200
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
0.02 m 0.02 m 0.02 m 0.02 m
Day 1600
38. How long for the levels to fall down to 0 meters?
Slide 38
Answer: 4 to 5 years
39. Application? Know the ideal schedule of weir operation
Slide 39
When to open? Close?
How often?
Slide 39
41. How to apply AEM in ditch-weir management?
Slide 41
Ditches: use line sinks
Opening/closing of weirs: use different constant head values for segments
h = 0 meters
Retain water
Weir
Water level = 0 Water level > 0 m Water level = 0
Weir
42. How to apply AEM in ditch-weir management?
Slide 42
OUTPUT:
1. Predicted groundwater levels
2. Evolution of
groundwater levels
through time
44. Apply on real world cases
Slide 44
Managing
Agriculture
45. Apply on real world cases
Slide 45
Agricultural management
Maintaining
Ecological Flow
46. Couple with existing hydro(geo)logical models
Slide 46
AEM
x
large scale
models?
Weir Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
Weir
WeirWeir
Weir
Weir
Weir
47. Preliminary Tools for Better
Hydrological Management of
Ditches and Weirs
Slide 47
Presenter
Jayson Gabriel Pinza
Joint PhD Student
Other Contributors
Jan Vanderborght
Sarah Garré
Jan Staes
Analytic Element Models
Quite flexible at any scale
Large area – many ditches
-irregularly spaced
Domain periodic? Not
Density of ditches, orientation, vary with landscape!
MODFLOW – setup such model for any smaller area
Need to build so many models
A lot of fine grid cells
AEM – they allow you to address problems related to scale
Advantage!
Thing we are aiming for: AEM merge with large scale groundwater flow models
Coupling! So that we know the impact of weirs on larger scale water flows and storage on watershed scale
IDEA: How can we couple AEM with larger scale numerical models
2. Craig and Rabideau (2006a, b) developed a new method for coupling AEM flow models with FEM and FDM transport models. They obtained good results, but the transport model was still mesh-dependent.
https://www.cesdb.com/gsflow.html
One part: model coupling
Another part: model application for agriculture and other purpose