This study evaluated the diuretic activity of the methanolic extract of Eleusine indica in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into groups that received the extract at doses of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, furosemide at 10 mg/kg as a standard, or a control. Urine output was measured over 6 hours. The extract significantly increased urine volume and electrolyte excretion compared to the control but less than furosemide. The results suggest the extract has diuretic activity, though further study is needed to understand its mechanisms of action.

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INTRODUCTION
•The extract was screened for its diuretic activity by using Lipschitz
method.
Male Wistar rats ( 200-250 g )are used
.
6 animals per group placed in metabolic cages.
Standard diet and water ad libitum was provided. 17 to 24 hours prior to
food and water was withdrawn.
The test group were treated with dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg.
The standard group were treated with furesemide 10 mg/kg.
The negative control received Normal saline 50ml/kg,
.Urine excretion is recorded after every hour for six hours.
The diuretic effect of the urine is determined by measuring urine volume,
pH, and electrolyte levels
Data analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed
by Dennett's test
METHODOLOGY
Data analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed
by Dunnet's test. The urine output and urinary electrolyte excretion were
found to be significantly (p<0.01)
RESULTS
CONCLUSION
The extensive literature survey and present study revealed that Eleusine
Indica gearth. Is an important medicinal plant with various constituent and
diverse pharmacological activities. The methanolic extract of Elusine
indica consist of flavonids, tannin, alkaloids, cardiac glycoside,
anthraquinone glycoside and these chemical constituent might be
responsible for diuretic activity. Thus, present study demonstrated that
Eleusine indica extract significantly increase the urine and electrolyte
output from body. By considering these findings of the present study it can
be concluded that methanolic extract of Eleusine Indica has diuretic
activitiy. The further study required to evaluate exact mechanisms of action
of methanolic extract Eleusine indica.
The present study revealed that, methanolic extract of Eleusine indica
significantly increases the urinary output as well as urinary electrolyte
concentration. Present study shows that the methanolic extract of Eleusine
indica whole plant possess good diuretic activity. Significant (p < 0.01)
increase in Na+, K+ and ion excretion and increase in total volume of urine
was observed in methanolic extract treated animals but it was less than the
furosemide control which is a very essential requirement of an ideal
diuretic. The exact mechanism of action by which diuresis was induced in
the methanolic extract of Eleusine indica was unknown and further
investigation needed to explore the exact mechanism.
DISCUSSION
1.Okwu DE, et al,1999,Flavoring properties of spices on cassava fufu, Afr.
J. Root Tuber crops, page no.19-21 .
2. Hill AF. Economic Botany: A textbook of useful plants and plants
product, 2nd Edition, Mcgraw Hill, Book company, Inc, New York (1952).
3. J.D. Habila, I.A. Bello, et al,2011. Basic Appl. Sci, 5,53
1. Wadgama.A.K. 2.Dr.Mandade.R.J.
“EVALUATION OF DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF ELEUSINE
INDICA IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS”
Sr no CONTROL LOW DOSE HIGH DOSE STANDARD
Na+ 98.73±0.1
406
118±0.269
6**
133.83±0.
3774**
154.316±
0.3198
K+ 46.648±0.
269
62.298±0.
1273**
74.141±0.
0494**
80.765±0.
3455
PH 7.183±0.0
79
6.83±0.04
9**
6.81±0.04
7**
6.86±0.05
5
URINE
VOLU
ME
6.9 8.1 10.1 13.8
Diuretics, also called water pills, are drugs that promote the output of urine
excreted by the Kidneys. The primary action of most diuretics is the direct
inhibition of Na+ transport at one or more of the four major anatomical
sites along the nephron, where Na+ reabsorption takes place. The increased
excretion of water and electrolytes by the kidneys is dependent on three
different processes viz., glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption (active
and passive) and tubular secretion. There are three types of prescription
diuretics. They‘re often prescribed to help treat high blood pressure, but
they're used for other conditions. Congestive heart failure, for instance,
keeps your heart from pumping blood effectively throughout your body.
This leads to a buildup of fluids in your body, which is called edema.
Diuretics can help to reduce this fluid buildup. The presently available
diuretics such as thiazides and loop diuretics exhibit several adverse effects
like electrolyte imbalance and metabolic alterations etc. to avoid that
adverse effect new drugs are require.
The most common condition treated with diuretics is high blood pressure.
The drugs reduce the amount of fluid in your blood vessels, and this helps
lower your blood pressure. Diuretics are very effective in the treatment of
Cardiac oedema, specifically the one related with congestive heart failure.
They are employed extensively in various types of disorders, for example,
nephritic syndrome, diabetes insipidus, nutritional oedema, cirrhosis of the
liver, hypertension, oedema of pregnancy and also to lower intraocular and
cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Diuretics are responsible for increase the rate
of urine Flow, sodium excretion and to maintain the volume and
Composition of body fluids. Diuretics include caffeine, alcohol And wine,
which inhibit Na+ reabsorption and inhibit Secretion of ADH but have the
adverse effect including Impotence, fatigue, weakness etc Hence search for
a New diuretic agent that retains therapeutic efficacy and having minimum
of above adverse effects are needed. Thus present study was planned to
evaluate Diuretic activity of Eleusine indica.
DIURETIC
ACTION
DIURETIC
ACTIVITY
DIURETIC
INDEX
LIPSCHITZ
VALUE
URINARY
EXCRETION
SR. NO URINA
RY
EXCRET
ION
DIURETI
C
ACTION
DIURETIC
ACTIVITY
DIUR
ETIC
INDE
X
LIPSCH
ITZ
VALUE
CONTR
OL
2.76 1 ---- 1 --
FRUSE
MIDE(
10mg/
kg)
4.6 1.66 1 2 --
LDPE(2
50mg/
kg)
2.89 1.04 0.62 1.17 0.58
HDPE(
500mg
/kg)
3.48 1.26 0.75 1.46 o.73
REFERENCE