Post #1 Robert Greenleaf (2008) has so many amazing incites that are practical. The foundation to his inspiration is to lead by example, merging finding a mindful direction and skills for redirecting group behaviors. I have been introduced to leaders whom believe they are applying fabulous leadership skills, however reality is that they do not listen or are they aware of their surroundings. The emotional needs of staff are completely overlooked as well as viewed like a checklist of strategic applications with zero applications. I have observed this multiple times within my office of engineers and architects contributing to protocols, facts and procedures. Greenleaf incorporates the need to set self aside, including egos to reflect history, empathy, optimum, listening and utilizing sensible language. According to Frick (2004) history indicates the importance of service to develop social values of connection and community in which leaders need to identify and relate in their roles. As it was mentioned, the mindset and behaviors in which leaders need to perform for others to follow takes humility and humbleness, wish can be considered a weakness or wisdom depending on self and cultural. I have found that some individuals in leadership roles believe they know the formulas; however, every equation will have variables that alters the perspective, changing the order of operations in result the solution and answer. The ability to honor the variables will determine the wisdom of the leader; in return will formulate the skills of serving. This is a very difficult concept for many leaders to embrace and apply. For some, it is common since, but one may need to listen to understand the variable is them. References Frick, D. M. (2004). Robert K. Greenleaf : A Life of Servant Leadership. San Francisco, Calif: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Greenleaf, R. K. (2008). The servant as leader. Westfield, IN: The Greenleaf Center for Servant Leadership. Post #2 Why isn’t Servant Leadership a theory or formula for leadership success but a mindset – a way of being as a leader. Servant leadership needs to come from a core set of beliefs or faith. One must be transformed from within for this to be a true experience. This is not a theory of leadership that you can fake it until you make it. It is a philosophy or way of life. Even for leaders in a spiritual environment such as a church or a temple, this is not a given. A life of servant leadership is sacrificial. This is not easily accomplished if it does not come from an authentic place. One will only be able to demonstrate the traits and characteristics of a servant leader for a finite time if it is not originating from a true spirit of and core of humility. While servant leadership is a known leadership style and may be widely studied, it is not widely seen because it must come from a unique leader. As someone who has been behind the scenes in church leadership for decades, in a place where most wo.

1. Post #1
Robert Greenleaf (2008) has so many amazing incites that are
practical. The foundation to his inspiration is to lead by
example, merging finding a mindful direction and skills for
redirecting group behaviors. I have been introduced to leaders
whom believe they are applying fabulous leadership skills,
however reality is that they do not listen or are they aware of
their surroundings. The emotional needs of staff are completely
overlooked as well as viewed like a checklist of strategic
applications with zero applications. I have observed this
multiple times within my office of engineers and architects
contributing to protocols, facts and procedures. Greenleaf
incorporates the need to set self aside, including egos to reflect
history, empathy, optimum, listening and utilizing sensible
language. According to Frick (2004) history indicates the
importance of service to develop social values of connection
and community in which leaders need to identify and relate in
their roles.
As it was mentioned, the mindset and behaviors in which
leaders need to perform for others to follow takes humility and
humbleness, wish can be considered a weakness or wisdom
depending on self and cultural. I have found that some
individuals in leadership roles believe they know the formulas;
however, every equation will have variables that alters the
perspective, changing the order of operations in result the
solution and answer. The ability to honor the variables will
determine the wisdom of the leader; in return will formulate the
skills of serving. This is a very difficult concept for many
leaders to embrace and apply. For some, it is common since,
but one may need to listen to understand the variable is them.
References
Frick, D. M. (2004). Robert K. Greenleaf : A Life of Servant
Leadership. San Francisco, Calif: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Greenleaf, R. K. (2008). The servant as leader. Westfield, IN:

2. The Greenleaf Center for Servant Leadership.
Post #2
Why isn’t Servant Leadership a theory or formula for leadership
success but a mindset – a way of being as a leader.
Servant leadership needs to come from a core set of beliefs or
faith. One must be transformed from within for this to be a true
experience. This is not a theory of leadership that you can fake
it until you make it. It is a philosophy or way of life. Even for
leaders in a spiritual environment such as a church or a temple,
this is not a given. A life of servant leadership is sacrificial.
This is not easily accomplished if it does not come from an
authentic place. One will only be able to demonstrate the traits
and characteristics of a servant leader for a finite time if it is
not originating from a true spirit of and core of humility. While
servant leadership is a known leadership style and may be
widely studied, it is not widely seen because it must come from
a unique leader. As someone who has been behind the scenes in
church leadership for decades, in a place where most would
assume servant leadership is a given, true servant leaders are
indeed rare.
According to Robert Greenleaf, a great leader is a servant first.
What does this mean to you, and what contemporary leaders
exhibit this way of leading?
“The natural servant, the person who is servant first, is more
likely to persevere and refine his hypothesis on what serves
another’s highest priority needs than is the person who is leader
first and who later serves out of promptings of conscience or in
conformity with normative expectations.” (Greenleaf, 1970, p.
16)
How does or could Servant Leadership transform the follower,
the leader, and the organization. Be specific.
Not all followers are receptive to a servant leader. In a military
environment this style of leadership can be construed as a
weakness or micromanagement. Some followers do not want to

3. see their leaders doing the dirty work. It makes them feel
uncomfortable and like they are not performing their tasks and
responsibilities if their superior is working alongside them. In
an education setting servant leadership is very effective. When
teachers see leaders step off their thrones and get out into the
classrooms, roll up their sleeves and engage, there are positive
ripple effects throughout the school. When the leader comes
into the classroom, not to just to critique, but to support and
encourage, the follower feels empowered and heard. Often
teachers see their leaders in staff meetings or to be critiqued
and that’s it. The most successful schools have visible, engaged
servant leaders at the helm. “For successful servant leadership
to occur, it is important that followers are open and receptive to
servant leaders who want to empower them and help them
grow.” (Northouse, 2016, p. 239)
References
Greenleaf, R. K. (1970). The Servant as Leader. Atlanta,
Georgia: The Greenleaf Center for Servant
Leadership
Northouse, P.G. (2016). Leadership: Theory and practice. Los
Angeles, California: Sage Publications, Inc.
Post #3
Why isn’t Servant Leadership a theory or formula for
leadership success but a mindset – a way of being as a leader.
1) It is a mindset because there are no specific steps for anyone
to follow. Each person has deeply rooted experiences which
shape their unique perspectives of life. Aspects of servant
leadership can be developed over time, but there is no 'one fit
for all'. Having the desire to help followers reach their 'true
potential' through means of empowerment and nurturing takes
an understanding of what others needs on all levels. Like being
a parent, there is no manual and for each parent-child
relationship, but as long as there is hope and support it works
itself out. Each relationship is tailored to the needs of the

4. follower and of the leaders intuition and ability.
According to Robert Greenleaf, a great leader is a servant
first. What does this mean to you, and what contemporary
leaders exhibit this way of leading?
2) I think that Mother Theresa was a great example as
Northouse (2016) points out, servant leaders foster follower
performance and growth as individuals and also have a greater
societal impact on the organization and even the world. Another
good example is of my old boss, who truly wanted me to
succeed and mentored me almost as if I was the daughter she
never had. I was able to forget some of the fears of failure with
her mentoring and I gave this company 110%. Servant
leadership means that once you put your people's needs above
your own, then you will be truly successful, both in life and
work.
How does or could Servant Leadership transform the
follower, the leader, and the organization. Provide a specific
example.
3) Servant leadership transforms the follower by being able to
honestly and completely confide in their leadership to solve any
problem they may have. This is a great feeling to have. Many go
through life never feeling accepted, nor truly developed as a
whole. The follower, as long as they accept servant leadership,
transforms into a highly functioning member of the team and of
society. The Leader changes by being able to set aside their ego
and pride, so they may humbly serve their followers. This shift
of power can be very empowering to the leader to center their
purpose (both in life and work). An organization would change
for the better with leaders and followers striving to be the best
they can be (morally and ethically) they would set great
examples. Organizations could depend on their employees to do
the right things which would save time and money. This energy
then could be used to expand and create a larger social
contribution.
Northouse, P. G. (2016). Leadership: Theory and practice (7th

5. ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Running Head: GENDER RACE, AND CRIME 1
GENDER RACE, AND CRIME 9
Annotated Bibliography – Gender, Race & Crime
Ronald S. Dixon
Keiser University
Dr. Jennifer Grimes
MACJ-560
February 10, 2018
Alves, J., Maia, Â., & Teixeira, F. (2016). Health conditions
prior to imprisonment and the impact of prison on health: Views
of detained women. Qualitative health research, 26(6), 782-792.
The article focuses on health conditions which affect detained
women before incarceration. It holds that the conditions can
change in the prison based on background of the prisoner,
previous records of arrest and aspects of the prison. This article
was written to facilitate ability of the health sector ensure the
well-being of women prisoners. The study was conducted
through the use of different focus groups and the collected data
was analysed to infer the outcome of the study. While on the

6. one hand there were reports of the positive influence of
incarceration on prisoners with chronic illness, the study failed
to highlight the benefits of incarceration for prisoners with
mental illness on the other hand. The main theme of the paper is
needed for increased attention to mental illness in prisons.
Alves, R. C., Surama, É., Barbosa Davim, R. M., Rodrigues, R.
C., Soraya, E., de França Nóbrega, M., & Anbar Torquato, J.
(2016). Living and Health Conditions of Women on a female
prison unit. Journal of Nursing UFPE/Revista de Enfermagem
UFPE, 10(3).
The article represents a study that was undertaken to investigate
the state of women health in a correction facility. The aim of
conducting the survey is to inform approaches that need to be
used in ensuring the health of different persons in prisons. The
study was conducted through an interview carried out separately
on 37 women obtained in prison. Data analysis form the survey
collected from the survey revealed the existence of unique
attributes of the population available. It also revealed that
particular attention needs to be given to prisoners because their
health is affected by the living conditions as well as the ease of
access to health service and the rights of prisoners. The study
out that numerous challenges existed in prisons and undermined
the living condition of prisoners.
Foley, L., & Papadopoulos, I. (2013). Perinatal mental health
services for black and ethnic minority women in prison. British
Journal of Midwifery, 21(8), 553-562.
The article involves a study that was undertaken with the aim of
establishing the perinatal mental health concerns of black and
minority ethnic (BME) women in prisons. The article is based
on developments that have been made in the field by previous
studies. It used 13 previous studies to establish what is yet to be
done on the topic. The study found out that a vast majority of
women in prisons are from the BME group. The challenges
faced by this team were severe for pregnant women, and
therefore they are more vulnerable to obstetric. According to
the study, these problems undermine the ability of the health

7. departments in prisons to ensure the health of inmates. This is
acerbated by the increase in the population of women with a
high risk of the conditions. It concludes that health departments
in prison need to be conscious of the unique needs and devise
strategies for addressing them.
Fritz, S., & Whiteacre, K. (2016). Prison nurseries: Experiences
of incarcerated women during pregnancy. Journal of Offender
Rehabilitation, 55(1), 1-20.
The paper explores experiences of women incarcerated while
pregnant. It seeks to understand the field and therefore devise
strategies that can be adopted in enhancing the care of pregnant
prisoners. It explores the rules that are in place to determine the
relationship between the inmates and their newborns in prisons.
It then provides recommendations for change that can be made
to ensure utmost care. It also advocates for changes in rules in
women prisons that violate their rights. The study was based on
accounts of 7 women formerly incarcerated. Objectivity in the
research is maintained through the use of a data collection
method that focuses on experiences before and after
incarceration. The essence of the study is to increase mother-
child attachment for cases of birth for incarcerated women.
Harner, H. M., Wyant, B. R., & Da Silva, F. (2017). “Prison
Ain’t Free Like Everyone Thinks” Financial Stressors Faced by
Incarcerated Women. Qualitative health research, 27(5), 688-
699.
The article represents a study that was conducted on 95 women
from a medium/maximum security prison to establish the state
of health of women as a result of incarceration. The study,
therefore, was based on the state before and after imprisonment.
It found that unavailability of finances to cater for medical care
in prison is a significant stressor for female inmates.
Approaches used by health departments in prisons address the
health concerns of inmates do not acknowledge gender-based
differences that are essential. This approach makes incarcerated
women to be at a disadvantage compared to their male
counterparts. It concludes that poor women in prison suffer due

8. to the co-payment fee before and after incarceration. Measures
of addressing this challenge, therefore, need to be instituted.
Maher, J. (2015). Teaching Academic Writing in a Maximum-
Security Women's Prison. New Directions for Community
Colleges, 2015(170), 79-88.
The article is of the view that women are victims of culture,
race, and system of society even in prison. This is because they
are subjected to imprisonment for crimes that would have been
prevented or more lenient corrective measures be adopted. This
is illustrated by the analysis of the writer that reviled a high
probability of men to be imprisoned in the cases where women
had been arrested. Approaches to teaching in women prisons
need to be good enough to enable inmates to be able to compete
fairly with others after release. This is particularly essential for
women prisons whose standards are lower compared to those of
men. It concludes that a lot of changes need to be done to
approaches to teaching in women prisons allow better
education.
Mancini, C., Baker, T., Sainju, K. D., Golden, K., Bedard, L.
E., & Gertz, M. (2016). Examining external support received in
prison and concerns about reentry among incarcerated
women. Feminist Criminology, 11(2), 163-190.
The article is based on a study that was conducted to determine
the importance of social support for re-entry of women after
incarceration. Social ties are an essential factor that influences
the ease with which released prisons integrate back to the
society. In the study, it was established that inmates who
receive the high volume of visits and letters from relatively are
easily reintegrated back to the community after release
compared to others. Among social factors used in the study
include employment, family, and finances. In all these elements,
the research outlined it was easier for women who have them to
re-enter back to the society quickly than those without. The
main idea of the paper is, therefore, social support is essential
for released prisoners to re-enter the community. This is
particularity essential for women prisoners.

9. Nair, A. P., Jose, T. T., & Lobo, D. J. (2016). An Exploratory
Study to Determine the Quality of Life (QoL) and Factors
Leading to Imprisonment among Women Prisoners in a Selected
Women Prison. International Journal of Nursing
Education, 8(3).
This article was based on a study to establish the relationship
between the quality of life before the arrest and the reason for
arrest on imprisoned women. Purposive sampling was used in
the research and seventy samples drawn. Errors were eliminated
through testing of the reliability of measures used. Some of the
outcomes of the study include the fact that a vast majority and a
high quality of life before incarceration, the high number of
persons indicated that poverty was their cause of imprisonment
and physical abuse, as well as family, break up were leading
factors. The research established that a strong correlation
existed between factors driving to jail and the quality of life of
prisoners. This information can be utilized by persons in the
crime unit for crime prevention.
Sevelius, J., & Jenness, V. (2017). Challenges and opportunities
for gender-affirming healthcare for transgender women in
prison. International journal of prisoner health, 13(1), 32-40.
The article was based on research to study the correlation
between victimization, access to healthcare and house
placement with the physical and mental well being of
transgender women in prison. The study was based on
information collected on the topic by previous researches. The
study established that a lot of issues needs to be addressed
regarding the wellbeing of transgender women in prison. A
broach approach that includes leaders in correction centers,
policymakers and healthcare officials in prisons need to be
adopted. Therefore, this paper was designed for the stakeholders
in the health of inmates. It highlights areas of concern that
affect the health of transgender women in prison. Measures that
ensure the health of this group, therefore, needs to be
undertaken.
Shlafer, R. J., Stang, J., Dallaire, D., Forestell, C. A., &

10. Hellerstedt, W. (2017). Best practices for nutrition care of
pregnant women in prison. Journal of Correctional Health
Care, 23(3), 297-304.
The article is based on research conducted to establish unique
challenges to the provision of health care in the prison that are
presented by pregnant prisoners. These problems call for
changes in approaches to health care for this particular group.
Among means that can be used to this end is adequate testing of
inmates for pregnancy before admission, the institution of
means of addressing these needs and provision of necessary
education to inmates to enhance their welfare. This research is
designed to facilitate the ability of stakeholders in the health of
inmates to adopt measures of ensuring the utmost health of
prisoners. This is because the health of prisoners is essential
because it affects their life after release including their
offspring.
Smoyer, A. B. (2015). Feeding relationships: foodways and
social networks in a women’s prison. Affilia, 30(1), 26-39.
The paper is based on research that was conducted to determine
the correlation between social support and success of prisoners
after release. It is designed for social workers and healthcare
professional to bequeath them the essential knowledge that can
be used in day to day operations. The research targeted women
prisoners. It allows them to enhance their ability to deal with
both incarcerated and released prisoners. The paper aims to help
professionals in the health departments facilitate the creation of
healthy relationships among prisoners. The study concludes that
supportive relationships are essential in enhancing reintegration
of inmates after release and therefore should be provided.
Smoyer, A. B. (2016). Making fatty girl cakes: food and
resistance in a women’s prison. The Prison Journal, 96(2), 191-
209.
This article is aimed at creating knowledge that will be used to
make remedies in female prisons with regards to food policy.
The author builds on what has been done on the field by
previous studies. It was conducted by engaging participants

11. from women prison. Accounts of past inmates on their
experiences regarding the subject area basis upon which the
research is made. It focuses on deviance of inmates to authority
with regards food policy. It then advances changes that can be
made on the food policy to enhance its suitability. It can be
used to address cases of resistance of inmates to authority due
to existing food policies.
Sprague, C., Scanlon, M. L., Radhakrishnan, B., & Pantalone,
D. W. (2017). The HIV prison paradox: Agency and HIV-
positive women’s experiences in jail and prison in
Alabama. Qualitative health research, 27(10), 1427-1444.
The paper seeks to explore barriers that are faced in the
attainment of continuous care for women prisoners and offer
remedies that can be taken. The study was conducted on 25
former women prisoners based on their testimonies. Reliability
of tools used in the research was enhanced by carrying out two
independent studies. Among essential aspects regarding HIV
care that was explored in the research include stigma, food
rationing, and insults. The findings of the research are that
persons in prisons are subjected to discrimination based on their
HIV health. The study, therefore, sheds light on aspects of HIV
health of women prisoners. Then, it suggests remedies that can
be undertaken to address this challenge.
Suares Teixeira Moraes, M., de Oliveira Sousa, FR, Tavares
Marcolino, KM, Barbosa Davim, RM, Fernandes da Silva
Carvalho, C., Barbosa Galvão, MC, & Ximenes Oliveira, S.
(2011). Hellp syndrome: proposta de um assistencial
plan. Saúde Coletiva , 8 (54).
This paper focuses on the health of female inmates with regards
to conditions such as hypertension and provides changes that
can be made to address the problem. This concern is acerbated
by the influx of maternal deaths that are attributable to this
issue. The interest is more significant for female inmates, and
therefore it establishes recommendations to address it. It builds
on different processes in the nursing process to enhance their
efficiency in ensuring the mental health of female inmates. It

12. employed both theoretical and scientific analysis techniques to
study the problem. The paper is of the view that the problem is
dire on female inmates and therefore proper care needs to
accord to this particular group.
Wilson, M., Simpson, P. L., Butler, T. G., Richters, J., Yap, L.,
& Donovan, B. (2017). ‘You’re a woman, a convenience, a cat,
a poof, a thing, an idiot’: Transgender women negotiating
sexual experiences in men’s prisons in
Australia. Sexualities, 20(3), 380-402.
The article focuses on experiences of female inmates in prison
Australians men and women prisons. The paper is based on
analysis of previous cases of sexual punishments that have been
reported on these prisons in the country. In particular, it focuses
on cases of rape that have occurred in the past and how they
were solved. Therefore, the primary aim of the paper is to
establish the state of men and women prisons with regards to
rape. The better understanding of conditions of these prisons is
therefore essential for useful enhancement measure to be
undertaken. It seeks to clarify that concern of men and women
are different in men and women prisons, and consequently
particular interest should be given to this particular group.
Week 7 Written Assignment
General Guidelines:
Writing 20%
• Paper meets APA/Graduate School standards; in-text citations
and references are properly documented in APA format.
• Paper includes a minimum of fifteen (15) (double-spaced,
numbered) pages and at least fifteen scholarly sources.
• Paper is organized; each paragraph flows logically into the
next paragraph. Headings and sub-headings are utilized.
• Appropriate terminology it used; writing is clear and concise.
• Proper spelling and grammar is used; sentences are properly
constructed.

13. • Appropriate font (Times New Roman) and font size (12 point
font).
• The paper is written in a professional tone. Familiar language
is avoided.
Content 80%
• The paper has a strong introduction, main body, and
conclusion.
• The topic is introduced, a purpose is clearly evident and an
overview of the paper is provided; includes a brief history of
the topic/issue, and the importance of studying the topic/issue.
• The research paper goes from general ideas to specific
conclusions within each paragraph. Transitions tie sections
together, as well as adjacent paragraphs. The paper flows
logically from one idea to the next.
• Scholarly research is utilized and effectively described in the
main body of the paper; information is synthesized throughout
the paper; includes a relevant and thorough discussion of
sources that relate to the topic/issue and purpose of the paper.
• The paper demonstrates critical and creative thinking skills.
• Concluding paragraphs provide a summary of key points,
connects to the introduction, and offers suggestions for future
research and/or recommendations for policy
changes/considerations.
Week 7 Written Assignment Rubric (Research Paper)
___/20: Writing/format/title page/length.
___/10: Introduction/purpose/importance.
___/10: Organization/transitions.
___/25: Synthesis of scholarly research.
___/25: Critical and creative thinking.
___/10: Conclusions/recommendations.