Portugal is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. It has a total area of 92,090 square kilometers and borders Spain to the north and east and the Atlantic Ocean to the south and west. Portugal includes a mainland and two autonomous regions, the Azores and Madeira. Portugal was formed during the Christian reconquest in the 12th century and established its independence from Spain in 1143. It built its first colonial empire during the 15th and 16th centuries, becoming a world power with possessions in Africa, Asia, and South America. Portugal transitioned to a parliamentary democracy after a 1974 revolution that resulted in the independence of its colonies. It is now a developed country and member of the European