The document discusses several topics related to developing countries and fair trade, including:
1) Fair trade aims to help developing countries get fair prices and standards in international trade. It promotes higher prices for exporters and social/environmental standards.
2) Least developed countries are defined by the UN based on low income, human weakness, and economic vulnerability. They face many socioeconomic challenges.
3) "Third world countries" originally referred to non-aligned countries during the Cold War, and now typically refers to undeveloped countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. They struggle with problems like poverty, hunger, health issues, war, and lack of freedom.
Text to check together with the video and powerpoint presentation "Post-Colonial Africa" by John Jones. Presentation for the seminar "Why is Africa (still) poor?", April 30, 2013, UMB, Norway.
http://africapoor.wordpress.com/
This document provides an overview of business opportunities in the North of Latin America (NOLA) region. It summarizes key economic, social, and investment indicators for countries in South America, Central America, the Caribbean, and Mexico. The document also outlines Expertia and CYMA's experience developing business in the NOLA region and their methodology for identifying opportunities and helping companies enter new markets through various internationalization strategies.
Marketing Intelligence - Domino's Pizza Gamze Saba
The wide range of product diversity in our world has resulted in a cluster of options and opportunities from which customers can choose. In order to be perceived by consumers, companies have to apply various marketing concepts and ideas to distinguish themselves from their competitors. Marketing Intelligence can be understood as a way of gathering and analyzing relevant information as far as a company’s decision making and market opportunities are concerned. It determines the intelligence needed, collects it by scanning the environment and delivers it to marketing managers who need the information. These evidences are necessary for shaping a company’s strategies and decisions. The aim of this project is to examine a variety of strategic Marketing Intelligence concepts employed by the world’s largest pizza chain Domino’s Pizza with specific emphasis being attributed to its Sales strategies.
This document appears to be a term paper for a consumer behavior course focusing on Apple's iPad. The paper includes 3 chapters: a literature review on attitudes and focus group research, an implementation and analysis of a focus group conducted on consumer attitude change regarding the iPad, and a conclusion. The first chapter provides background on concepts like the power of attitudes, how attitudes are formed, focus group research methodology, and models of attitudes and their effects on consumer behavior. The second chapter will discuss conducting and analyzing a focus group on attitudes toward the iPad. The third chapter will draw conclusions.
Global Marketing - Turkish Textile Industry and Its Competition PowerGamze Saba
This document provides an overview of the Turkish textile industry and its competitive position globally. It begins with an introduction to the textile industry in general and the history of textile production in Turkey. It then analyzes the competition in the global textile industry using Porter's Five Forces framework and identifies competitive advantages of the Turkish industry, such as low labor costs and a favorable geographic location. Finally, it provides a brief comparison of the Turkish and German textile industries and performs SWOT and PEST analyses of the Turkish industry.
Text to check together with the video and powerpoint presentation "Post-Colonial Africa" by John Jones. Presentation for the seminar "Why is Africa (still) poor?", April 30, 2013, UMB, Norway.
http://africapoor.wordpress.com/
This document provides an overview of business opportunities in the North of Latin America (NOLA) region. It summarizes key economic, social, and investment indicators for countries in South America, Central America, the Caribbean, and Mexico. The document also outlines Expertia and CYMA's experience developing business in the NOLA region and their methodology for identifying opportunities and helping companies enter new markets through various internationalization strategies.
Marketing Intelligence - Domino's Pizza Gamze Saba
The wide range of product diversity in our world has resulted in a cluster of options and opportunities from which customers can choose. In order to be perceived by consumers, companies have to apply various marketing concepts and ideas to distinguish themselves from their competitors. Marketing Intelligence can be understood as a way of gathering and analyzing relevant information as far as a company’s decision making and market opportunities are concerned. It determines the intelligence needed, collects it by scanning the environment and delivers it to marketing managers who need the information. These evidences are necessary for shaping a company’s strategies and decisions. The aim of this project is to examine a variety of strategic Marketing Intelligence concepts employed by the world’s largest pizza chain Domino’s Pizza with specific emphasis being attributed to its Sales strategies.
This document appears to be a term paper for a consumer behavior course focusing on Apple's iPad. The paper includes 3 chapters: a literature review on attitudes and focus group research, an implementation and analysis of a focus group conducted on consumer attitude change regarding the iPad, and a conclusion. The first chapter provides background on concepts like the power of attitudes, how attitudes are formed, focus group research methodology, and models of attitudes and their effects on consumer behavior. The second chapter will discuss conducting and analyzing a focus group on attitudes toward the iPad. The third chapter will draw conclusions.
Global Marketing - Turkish Textile Industry and Its Competition PowerGamze Saba
This document provides an overview of the Turkish textile industry and its competitive position globally. It begins with an introduction to the textile industry in general and the history of textile production in Turkey. It then analyzes the competition in the global textile industry using Porter's Five Forces framework and identifies competitive advantages of the Turkish industry, such as low labor costs and a favorable geographic location. Finally, it provides a brief comparison of the Turkish and German textile industries and performs SWOT and PEST analyses of the Turkish industry.
The document discusses standards of living and key indicators used to measure human development such as GDP, life expectancy, and literacy rates. It compares standards of living in developing countries like Mali, newly industrialized countries like India and China, and developed countries like the US and Japan. Developing countries have low infrastructure and rely on cash crops or commodities, while newly industrialized countries are building infrastructure and industries. The document also examines causes of poverty in developing countries such as debt, lack of education, and infectious diseases, as well as responses like debt relief, international aid, and work by organizations like UNICEF and WHO.
UN-WB Value Chain, extractive and conflict prevention discussion paperFlorian Bruyas
This document provides acknowledgments for contributors to a discussion paper on using the extractive industries value chain as a framework for conflict prevention. It thanks over 150 individuals from the World Bank, UN, governments, civil society and private sector in Chile, Peru, Zambia, DRC who provided input. Funding was provided by the UN-World Bank Partnership Trust Fund. The paper had inputs from staff in the World Bank's Sustainable Energy, Oil, Gas and Mining unit and Operations Policy and Country Services for Fragile and Conflict-affected States.
This document provides an overview of South Africa's security situation in 2030 by looking back at developments from 1990 to the present and factors that will influence future security. Key points include the rise of emerging powers like China changing the global balance of power, ongoing conflicts and inequality fueling instability, threats from poverty, crime, pandemics, climate change and competition over scarce resources. South Africa faces growing challenges from urbanization, inequality and changing governance dynamics.
Problems And Challenges Faced By Multinational...Alana Cartwright
Problems and Challenges Faced by Multinational Corporations Operating in Developing Countries
This document discusses some of the key problems and challenges faced by multinational
corporations operating in developing countries, including government instability, ineffectiveness, and
poor regulatory quality. It provides the examples of foreign investors facing new legislation against
them during a financial crisis in Argentina in 2001. Developing country governments also often do
not adequately provide public goods.
This document discusses socioeconomic inequalities and global conflicts. It begins by explaining how inequalities are measured using indicators like GDP, GDP per capita, the Human Development Index, and Multidimensional Poverty Index. It then analyzes the causes of development inequalities, including domestic factors like lack of resource exploitation as well as international factors like colonialism and unequal trading relationships. The document also evaluates recent trends in global inequalities and discusses specific issues around inequalities in Europe and Spain. It concludes by examining proposed solutions to human development issues through increasing economic aid, improving human development, and greater citizen participation.
This document discusses global resource sharing and proposals for a new international economic order. It focuses on how poor countries have struggled due to fluctuating commodity prices and being at the mercy of developed countries and multinational corporations that control markets and prices. The document examines cases in Jamaica, Chile, and Tanzania of countries seeking greater control over their resources and negotiating more favorable trade terms. It also outlines proposals for reforms to achieve a more equitable distribution of global wealth and resources.
02 THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD.pdffffffffffffRonelynAbilar
Here are my responses to the processing questions:
1. Outsourcing to the Philippines provides jobs and economic opportunities that help grow the domestic economy. However, it also increases dependence on foreign companies and markets. Overall the benefits seem to outweigh the risks if the country also invests in developing domestic industries and local entrepreneurship.
2. International organizations like the UN and World Bank help the Philippine economy through development aid, loans, technical assistance, policy advice, and programs that aim to reduce poverty, improve health and education, and build infrastructure. Their efforts support economic growth and progress on social indicators.
3. The dominance of rich countries in global trade and investment does pose challenges for less developed nations to compete. However, economic
The document discusses how globalization creates winners and losers by comparing two contrasting countries, China and Gambia. It analyzes factors like natural resources, population size, investments, and economic policies that have enabled China to benefit from globalization, increasing its GDP per capita. Meanwhile, Gambia lacks resources, receives little foreign investment, and remains dependent on foreign aid, causing its GDP per capita to change little over time and for it to lose out to globalization forces.
The document discusses how globalization creates winners and losers by comparing two contrasting countries, China and Gambia. It analyzes factors like natural resources, population size, education spending, foreign investment, and integration into the global economy to understand why China has benefited more from globalization, while Gambia has struggled and remains dependent on foreign aid.
The document discusses several potential causes of the development gap between wealthy and poor nations:
1. Debt from large capital loans that poor countries have struggled to repay, which has forced them to reduce spending on health, education and development through structural adjustment policies.
2. Resource exploitation and lack of investment in local industries by colonial powers and today by transnational corporations, which has prevented poor nations from developing strong domestic economies.
3. Tariffs and subsidies in wealthy countries that make it difficult for goods from poor nations to compete in global markets and develop export industries, maintaining the global development gap.
Impact Of Globalization On Agriculture In UgandaTiffany Sandoval
Globalization has impacted agriculture in Uganda in both positive and negative ways. Positively, it could attract foreign investment and reduce transportation costs for exports like coffee. However, unrealistic expectations of capital movements have not benefited many rural small-scale farmers in Uganda who lack basic skills and knowledge to engage in international trade. Weak national policies have also limited the benefits of programs aimed at commercializing the agricultural sector. Overall, renegotiating trade terms and developing appropriate domestic policies could help Uganda better leverage globalization for agricultural development.
Globalization, or a series of changes leading to a greater interdependence and integration of the world socially, economically, politically, and culturally, is an ongoing process that commenced centuries before with communication and trade between ancient civilizations, it was only in recent years that globalization became a revolutionary process fundamentally changing the way people live and interact with the rest of the world. The invention of the Internet by Tim Berners-Lee, coupled with cutting-edge transportation technology, paved the way for a greater degree of integration of the world than ever before
The representation of the senior population in advertising
Silver Marketing - Business Opportunity - Stereotypes - Generational Marketing - Segmentation - Thesis
1) Globalization refers to the increasing interdependence and integration of economies, cultures, and political systems resulting from cross-border trade and technological advances. It is driven by international trade and the creation of new business opportunities and jobs. Globalization has affected the environment, culture, politics, and economic development.
2) This document analyzes survey data on how youth in different countries perceive globalization. It finds that youth in emerging economies like China, India, Brazil, and South Africa are the strongest proponents as these countries have benefited the most from globalization. Youth in developed Scandinavian and Western countries also generally view globalization positively. Those in countries hit hardest by economic crisis like Greece and France are more likely to
Connecting cities and communities with the SDGsITU
This flipbook provides an overview of how cities can use information and communication technologies (ICTs) to achieve the SDGs. It also maps the case studies to the various international agreements as well as the SDGs. Based on the mapping in this flipbook, U4SSC aims to derive the best practices and guidelines with the final goal of propelling transitions to smart cities while simultaneously achieving the SDGs. The outputs
presented in this flipbook are expected to provide urban stakeholders with an overview of innovative concepts, policies and frameworks that have been adopted in various countries, to facilitate smart-city transformations.
For more information visit: https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/ssc/united/Pages/default.aspx
Globalization leads to both increased mobility of goods, services, and people, as well as rising inequality. While it allows consumers access to cheaper goods and workers opportunities to find jobs abroad, it also benefits wealthy multinational corporations and widens the gap between rich and poor. However, globalization also improves living standards over time as technology and ideas spread more widely. Countries that embrace open trade see economic growth and improvements in health outcomes. Overall, globalization is defined as the integration of human activity worldwide and is generally a positive force when governments reduce trade barriers and restrictions on mobility to maximize freedom.
Presented at the Sharepoint Connections Amsterdam 2011 congres. Poverty is a challenging and global issue; what is the link to Sharepoint? How can Sharepoint assist people in poverty to help themselves? Through real examples and a little bit of dreaming Marten will invite you to make an out-of-the-box journey to poverty alleviation.
This document summarizes a study on the informal sector in Jamaica. Key findings include:
1. The informal sector represents around 40% of Jamaica's total economic activity and has more than doubled in size over the past decade, contributing significantly to declines in poverty.
2. Informal activities and participants are diverse, ranging from small-scale entrepreneurs to sophisticated businesses. They differ from the formal sector in operating in low-productivity sectors and lacking formal contracts and management practices.
3. Estimating methods produce similar figures of the informal sector representing 39-44% of official GDP in 2001. Electricity consumption data indicates the informal sector grew faster than the formal economy in the 1990s.
This document discusses the need for rural industrialization and decentralized manufacturing as the future of sustainable technology. It argues that centralized, capital intensive technologies have led to skewed economic growth and increasing inequity. Decentralized manufacturing, especially of daily goods in small rural industries, could generate more equitable growth by providing local employment. The IITD-KVIC project aimed to strengthen rural industries through science and technology interventions. Some successes included adapting finishing technologies to improve khadi quality, developing quality control standards, and improving products like soap, leather and pottery through chemical engineering inputs. The project helped set up the Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Industrialization to continue developing appropriate rural technologies.
The document discusses different classifications of countries based on their level of economic development:
1) First World/industrialized nations with market economies like the US, Japan, UK.
2) Emerging markets (BEMs) like Brazil, China, India that have sustained economic growth.
3) Newly industrialized countries (NICs) more advanced than other developing countries.
4) Least developed countries (LDCs/LEDCs) that include poor countries experiencing decline or failed states.
It then outlines the typical path of development from agrarian to industrialized economies through phases including early industrialization, high industrialization, and post-industrialization.
Mali Tablolar Analizi - Yataş Yatak ve Yorgan San. Tic. A.Ş.Gamze Saba
Yataş Yatak ve Yorgan San. Tic. A.Ş’nin 1 Ocak-31 Aralık 2010 ve 1 Ocak-31 Aralık 2011 yılları arasındaki bilanço, gelir tablosu, dikey yüzde ve oran analizlerini içeren yorumlar.
The document discusses standards of living and key indicators used to measure human development such as GDP, life expectancy, and literacy rates. It compares standards of living in developing countries like Mali, newly industrialized countries like India and China, and developed countries like the US and Japan. Developing countries have low infrastructure and rely on cash crops or commodities, while newly industrialized countries are building infrastructure and industries. The document also examines causes of poverty in developing countries such as debt, lack of education, and infectious diseases, as well as responses like debt relief, international aid, and work by organizations like UNICEF and WHO.
UN-WB Value Chain, extractive and conflict prevention discussion paperFlorian Bruyas
This document provides acknowledgments for contributors to a discussion paper on using the extractive industries value chain as a framework for conflict prevention. It thanks over 150 individuals from the World Bank, UN, governments, civil society and private sector in Chile, Peru, Zambia, DRC who provided input. Funding was provided by the UN-World Bank Partnership Trust Fund. The paper had inputs from staff in the World Bank's Sustainable Energy, Oil, Gas and Mining unit and Operations Policy and Country Services for Fragile and Conflict-affected States.
This document provides an overview of South Africa's security situation in 2030 by looking back at developments from 1990 to the present and factors that will influence future security. Key points include the rise of emerging powers like China changing the global balance of power, ongoing conflicts and inequality fueling instability, threats from poverty, crime, pandemics, climate change and competition over scarce resources. South Africa faces growing challenges from urbanization, inequality and changing governance dynamics.
Problems And Challenges Faced By Multinational...Alana Cartwright
Problems and Challenges Faced by Multinational Corporations Operating in Developing Countries
This document discusses some of the key problems and challenges faced by multinational
corporations operating in developing countries, including government instability, ineffectiveness, and
poor regulatory quality. It provides the examples of foreign investors facing new legislation against
them during a financial crisis in Argentina in 2001. Developing country governments also often do
not adequately provide public goods.
This document discusses socioeconomic inequalities and global conflicts. It begins by explaining how inequalities are measured using indicators like GDP, GDP per capita, the Human Development Index, and Multidimensional Poverty Index. It then analyzes the causes of development inequalities, including domestic factors like lack of resource exploitation as well as international factors like colonialism and unequal trading relationships. The document also evaluates recent trends in global inequalities and discusses specific issues around inequalities in Europe and Spain. It concludes by examining proposed solutions to human development issues through increasing economic aid, improving human development, and greater citizen participation.
This document discusses global resource sharing and proposals for a new international economic order. It focuses on how poor countries have struggled due to fluctuating commodity prices and being at the mercy of developed countries and multinational corporations that control markets and prices. The document examines cases in Jamaica, Chile, and Tanzania of countries seeking greater control over their resources and negotiating more favorable trade terms. It also outlines proposals for reforms to achieve a more equitable distribution of global wealth and resources.
02 THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD.pdffffffffffffRonelynAbilar
Here are my responses to the processing questions:
1. Outsourcing to the Philippines provides jobs and economic opportunities that help grow the domestic economy. However, it also increases dependence on foreign companies and markets. Overall the benefits seem to outweigh the risks if the country also invests in developing domestic industries and local entrepreneurship.
2. International organizations like the UN and World Bank help the Philippine economy through development aid, loans, technical assistance, policy advice, and programs that aim to reduce poverty, improve health and education, and build infrastructure. Their efforts support economic growth and progress on social indicators.
3. The dominance of rich countries in global trade and investment does pose challenges for less developed nations to compete. However, economic
The document discusses how globalization creates winners and losers by comparing two contrasting countries, China and Gambia. It analyzes factors like natural resources, population size, investments, and economic policies that have enabled China to benefit from globalization, increasing its GDP per capita. Meanwhile, Gambia lacks resources, receives little foreign investment, and remains dependent on foreign aid, causing its GDP per capita to change little over time and for it to lose out to globalization forces.
The document discusses how globalization creates winners and losers by comparing two contrasting countries, China and Gambia. It analyzes factors like natural resources, population size, education spending, foreign investment, and integration into the global economy to understand why China has benefited more from globalization, while Gambia has struggled and remains dependent on foreign aid.
The document discusses several potential causes of the development gap between wealthy and poor nations:
1. Debt from large capital loans that poor countries have struggled to repay, which has forced them to reduce spending on health, education and development through structural adjustment policies.
2. Resource exploitation and lack of investment in local industries by colonial powers and today by transnational corporations, which has prevented poor nations from developing strong domestic economies.
3. Tariffs and subsidies in wealthy countries that make it difficult for goods from poor nations to compete in global markets and develop export industries, maintaining the global development gap.
Impact Of Globalization On Agriculture In UgandaTiffany Sandoval
Globalization has impacted agriculture in Uganda in both positive and negative ways. Positively, it could attract foreign investment and reduce transportation costs for exports like coffee. However, unrealistic expectations of capital movements have not benefited many rural small-scale farmers in Uganda who lack basic skills and knowledge to engage in international trade. Weak national policies have also limited the benefits of programs aimed at commercializing the agricultural sector. Overall, renegotiating trade terms and developing appropriate domestic policies could help Uganda better leverage globalization for agricultural development.
Globalization, or a series of changes leading to a greater interdependence and integration of the world socially, economically, politically, and culturally, is an ongoing process that commenced centuries before with communication and trade between ancient civilizations, it was only in recent years that globalization became a revolutionary process fundamentally changing the way people live and interact with the rest of the world. The invention of the Internet by Tim Berners-Lee, coupled with cutting-edge transportation technology, paved the way for a greater degree of integration of the world than ever before
The representation of the senior population in advertising
Silver Marketing - Business Opportunity - Stereotypes - Generational Marketing - Segmentation - Thesis
1) Globalization refers to the increasing interdependence and integration of economies, cultures, and political systems resulting from cross-border trade and technological advances. It is driven by international trade and the creation of new business opportunities and jobs. Globalization has affected the environment, culture, politics, and economic development.
2) This document analyzes survey data on how youth in different countries perceive globalization. It finds that youth in emerging economies like China, India, Brazil, and South Africa are the strongest proponents as these countries have benefited the most from globalization. Youth in developed Scandinavian and Western countries also generally view globalization positively. Those in countries hit hardest by economic crisis like Greece and France are more likely to
Connecting cities and communities with the SDGsITU
This flipbook provides an overview of how cities can use information and communication technologies (ICTs) to achieve the SDGs. It also maps the case studies to the various international agreements as well as the SDGs. Based on the mapping in this flipbook, U4SSC aims to derive the best practices and guidelines with the final goal of propelling transitions to smart cities while simultaneously achieving the SDGs. The outputs
presented in this flipbook are expected to provide urban stakeholders with an overview of innovative concepts, policies and frameworks that have been adopted in various countries, to facilitate smart-city transformations.
For more information visit: https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/ssc/united/Pages/default.aspx
Globalization leads to both increased mobility of goods, services, and people, as well as rising inequality. While it allows consumers access to cheaper goods and workers opportunities to find jobs abroad, it also benefits wealthy multinational corporations and widens the gap between rich and poor. However, globalization also improves living standards over time as technology and ideas spread more widely. Countries that embrace open trade see economic growth and improvements in health outcomes. Overall, globalization is defined as the integration of human activity worldwide and is generally a positive force when governments reduce trade barriers and restrictions on mobility to maximize freedom.
Presented at the Sharepoint Connections Amsterdam 2011 congres. Poverty is a challenging and global issue; what is the link to Sharepoint? How can Sharepoint assist people in poverty to help themselves? Through real examples and a little bit of dreaming Marten will invite you to make an out-of-the-box journey to poverty alleviation.
This document summarizes a study on the informal sector in Jamaica. Key findings include:
1. The informal sector represents around 40% of Jamaica's total economic activity and has more than doubled in size over the past decade, contributing significantly to declines in poverty.
2. Informal activities and participants are diverse, ranging from small-scale entrepreneurs to sophisticated businesses. They differ from the formal sector in operating in low-productivity sectors and lacking formal contracts and management practices.
3. Estimating methods produce similar figures of the informal sector representing 39-44% of official GDP in 2001. Electricity consumption data indicates the informal sector grew faster than the formal economy in the 1990s.
This document discusses the need for rural industrialization and decentralized manufacturing as the future of sustainable technology. It argues that centralized, capital intensive technologies have led to skewed economic growth and increasing inequity. Decentralized manufacturing, especially of daily goods in small rural industries, could generate more equitable growth by providing local employment. The IITD-KVIC project aimed to strengthen rural industries through science and technology interventions. Some successes included adapting finishing technologies to improve khadi quality, developing quality control standards, and improving products like soap, leather and pottery through chemical engineering inputs. The project helped set up the Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Industrialization to continue developing appropriate rural technologies.
The document discusses different classifications of countries based on their level of economic development:
1) First World/industrialized nations with market economies like the US, Japan, UK.
2) Emerging markets (BEMs) like Brazil, China, India that have sustained economic growth.
3) Newly industrialized countries (NICs) more advanced than other developing countries.
4) Least developed countries (LDCs/LEDCs) that include poor countries experiencing decline or failed states.
It then outlines the typical path of development from agrarian to industrialized economies through phases including early industrialization, high industrialization, and post-industrialization.
Mali Tablolar Analizi - Yataş Yatak ve Yorgan San. Tic. A.Ş.Gamze Saba
Yataş Yatak ve Yorgan San. Tic. A.Ş’nin 1 Ocak-31 Aralık 2010 ve 1 Ocak-31 Aralık 2011 yılları arasındaki bilanço, gelir tablosu, dikey yüzde ve oran analizlerini içeren yorumlar.
Fons Trompenaars is a Dutch author known for his work on cross-cultural communication and management. He identified seven dimensions of national culture differences: universalism vs particularism, individualism vs communitarianism, specific vs diffuse, achievement vs ascription, neutral vs affective, sequential vs synchronic, and internal vs external control. The document provides definitions and examples of each dimension, such as how individualism values personal responsibility over group responsibility. It also discusses how these dimensions appear differently in cultures like Turkey, China, and the US.
Vor zwei Wochen stellte ikea auf einer Italienischen Designmesse das neue Produkt Knappe vor. Es handelt sich um eine Digitalkamera aus Pappe. Die kamera hat 2komma3 megapixel und speichert bis zu 40 Fotos. Man braucht 2 AA batarien um die kamera zu benutzen. Für die daten übertragung hat die kamera ein USB enschluß. Bei einem Einkauf in ausgewelten Ikea Fillialen bekommt man die kamera kostenlos dazu. Es ist eine Promoaktion von ikea um die Neue Kollektion bekanntzumachen. Die Kunden können Fotos von gekauften ikea Möbeln machen und sie auf der ikea seite hochladen
This document discusses organizational structure and culture. It defines organizational structure as how job tasks are divided and coordinated, and discusses common structural elements like work specialization, departmentalization, and span of control. It also examines why organizational structures differ based on factors like strategy, size, technology, environment, and global implications. Finally, it introduces the topic of organizational culture and the importance of creating an ethical culture.
The document discusses teams and team development, defining teams and groups, describing types of work-related teams like functional, problem-solving, and virtual teams. It also outlines the stages of team development including forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. Key characteristics of effective teams are identified such as having a clear goal, competent members, unified commitment, and receiving external support.
The document provides information about Ege University located in Izmir, Turkey, including that it was established in 1955 and has become a major education and research institution, offering programs through 11 faculties covering fields like science, economics, engineering, and agriculture. Ege University aims to meet the training needs of the region through its programs while also contributing to the industrial, social, and cultural development of Izmir.
The document provides an industry analysis of Daimler AG (Mercedes-Benz) presented by students. It includes:
1) A brief history of Daimler AG and financial information for 2010.
2) An analysis of the external environment using PESTLE factors and Porter's 5 Forces framework to examine opportunities and threats facing the industry.
3) Details on Daimler AG's brand architecture, target groups, and current trends in the German automobile industry.
1. 401395
Management Issues: Business Ethics
(Gruppe 01E)
The access of poor countries to the new markets
Gamze SABA
2. Contents
Fair Trade ...................................................................................................................................................... 3
Least Developed Countries .......................................................................................................................... 3
Third World Countries .................................................................................................................................. 5
Foreign Aid and Development ................................................................................................................. 6
The Problems of Third World Countries .................................................................................................. 6
Economy of Afghanistan .............................................................................................................................. 7
References .......................................................................................................................................... 10
2
3. Fair Trade
Fair trade is a social movement which aims to help developing countries in order to make better
trading and to provide for them fair in trade. The movement defend the payment of higher price to
exporters as well as higher social and environmental standarts. Strategic aim of this idea is helping
strengthless producers and workers, so that they can fastinate profit and development, not
multinational companies. There are several recognized fair trade certifiers, including Fairtrade
International (formerly called FLO/Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International), IMO and Eco-Social
in order to show people the products that produced and traded fairly.
Fair trade contributes sustainable development by offering better trading conditions, protecting
human rights and environment.
The level of the economy in countries around the world is not equal. In some countries it is very
high and in some countries it is really low. GDP, unemployment rate, laborforce participation, total
trade, literacy rate, are several parameters in order to determine the level of country’s economy.
Least Developed Countries
Least Developed Countries (LCD) are the countries that are defined by United Nations according
to the indicatiors of socioeconomic development which shows the process of social and economic
development in a society. Why socioeconomic development important ? Because the changes in
socioeconomic situation causes technological changing, changes in law, changes in the physical
environment and ecological changes and all those are connected to each other and they affect the level
of economy in a county. Only ecomomic indicators are not enough to develop and to increase your
trade.
“the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations used the following three criteria for the
identification of the LDCs, as proposed by the Committee for Development Policy (CDP):
a low-income criterion, based on a three-year average estimate of the gross national income
(GNI) per capita (under $750 for inclusion, above $900 for graduation);
a human resource weakness criterion, involving a composite Human Assets Index (HAI) based on
indicators of: (a) nutrition; (b) health; (c) education; and (d) adult literacy; and
3
4. an economic vulnerability criterion, involving a composite Economic Vulnerability Index (EVI)
based on indicators of: (a) the instability of agricultural production; (b) the instability of exports
of goods and services; (c) the economic importance of non-traditional activities (share of
manufacturing and modern services in GDP); (d) merchandise export concentration; and (e) the
handicap of economic smallness (as measured through the population in logarithm); and the
percentage of population displaced by natural disasters.” (United Nations, website)
1. Zimbabwe 22. Tanzania (United Republic of)
2. Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 23. Djibouti
3. Niger 24. Angola
4. Burundi 25. Haiti
5. Mozambique 26. Senegal
6. Guinea-Bissau 27. Uganda
7. Chad 28. Nigeria
8. Liberia 29. Lesotho
9. Burkina Faso 30. Comoros
10. Mali 31. Togo
11. Central African Republic 32. Nepal
12. Sierra Leone 33. Papua New Guinea
13. Ethiopia 34. Mauritania
14. Guinea 35. Madagascar
15. Afghanistan 36. Benin
16. Sudan 37. Yemen
17. Malawi 38. Myanmar
18. Rwanda 39. Cameroon
19. Gambia 40. Ghana
20. Zambia 41. Bangladesh
21. Côte d'lvoire 42. Kenya
The rankings above were published in the United Nation's 2010 Human Development Report and reflect
the countries with the lowest human development.
4
5. Third World Countries
“The Third World” term came out first by French scientist Alfred Sauvy in 1952. Before French
revolution, it was used in order to distinguish the social classes such as: Clergy, nobles and peasants and
it defined the lowest social class “peasantry”. Then, during the Cold War, its meaning became a
definition of the countries that remain non-aligned with neither capitalism (membership to NATO) nor
communism (membership to Soviet Union) after the First and the Second World War. First World
Countries are the United States and its allies. Second World Countries are the Soviet Union, China, and
their allies. Third World countries as I defined before, neutral and non-aligned countries with them.
Till the end of imperialism, some of those countries were colonies of France, Germany, England,
Spain, etc. After the end of imperialism they came face to face with many challenges on their own for
the first time. They found a chance for the development, after some countries has already developed.
That is the reason why some people call them developing countries. Nowadays, the term Third World
became a stereotype for all undeveloped countries, because of most of the Third World being
excessively poor. It can be used to define poor and less developed countries of Africa, Asia and Latin
America, etc.
5
6. Foreign Aid and Development
By the time Cold War, both First and Second World countries saw those countries as potential
allies. Therefore, they tried to pull them to their side by helping economically, supplying military support
. Cuba could be a good example for Soviet Union and Vietnam for The United States. After Cold War had
ended, they chose the side of one that kept helping them.
The Problems of Third World Countries
In my opinion, the people who live in a 3th World Country have so many problems such as,
poverty, hunger, lodging, health, war, freedom and so on. They are struggle to earn money for their
lifes.
The major problem of Third World Countries is over populace. They have a big population within
the borders to share all resources like water, medicineand to share money. Because of the low money,
citizens also struggle to keep healthy. They are facing so many problems because of too much
population and the people who aware of it, are migrating from their country to developed countries.
Due to over-population and relatively limited resources, China has a 'One child' rule where a couple can
only bear one child (H. A. Reitsma and J. M. Kleinpenning, 1985).
“Another problem in the recent times is Globalization that upholds that everyone must benefit
from modern transformation” (Phil Marfleet, 1998). The third world countries are dealing with all the
problems that i mentioned above. Therefore, they can not achieve development. They can’t benefit
from trade like MNCs. Some MNCs’ revenue is much more bigger than one of third world countries.
MNCs are also benefiting all the time more technology and minimizing their costs with low labor costs,
high technology, poor quality. It causes getting poors poorer and riches richer than ever.
My observation from all articles and news about poor countries, their general problem is that
they face a lack of money needed to set up new profitable businesses and industries. Also, the citizens
of poor countries are uneducated. Because they are suffering from lots of problems. Education is not
their priority. However, education is the most important thing for development. All those countries
6
7. should focus on their strenghts such as mine, fruits and vegetables, human resources. They can increase
education in specific departments such as IT, Customer services.
Economy of Afghanistan
Afghanistan is a country which is in the list of United Nations called Least Developed Countries
and one of the third World country . It has one of the poorest economy in the world. All informations
that are shown below gave me the idea how the level of afghanistan economy low.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$29.99 billion (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 110
$27.36 billion (2010 est.)
$25.91 billion (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$1,000 (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 214
$900 (2010 est.)
$900 (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars
Unemployment rate:
35% (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 182
40% (2005 est.)
Population below poverty line:
36% (FY08/09)
Exports:
$571 million (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 166
$547 million (2009 est.)
Imports:
$5.3 billion (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 123
$4.5 billion (2007)
Resource : Central Intelligence Agency
7
8. Because of the war that lasted 25 years a go, Afghanistan economy could not develop enough. It
has a lack of foreign investment, too. Afghan economy is growing about %10. The backbone of country is
agricultural production and transportation system.Some of agrecultural products are grapes, several
fresh and dry fruits like, melons, apricots, and nuts as well. I found some books that shows Afghanistan
has a quite big amount of gold, lithium, iron ore, copper and other minerals.A delegation from
Afghanistan private sector met at 8 May with the new Assembler of Islamic Republic of Iran. Afghanistan
representatives ,who are trying to improve the relations between Iran and Afghanistan, emphasized that
there is a big potential to expand both countries businesses. They asked Iran to invest in priority sectors
like, oil purification, agriculture and mining (newsletter from ACCI). It is a step in order to fill the lack of
foreign invesment
In todays trade world, using the land of neighboring countries for transit of goods is a common
issue. Afghanistan is trying to increase its export by having some agreements with the countries around
it. For example, they had a problem with Pakistan. There is an agreement between Afghanistan and
Pakistan which is called ATTPA (Afghanistan-Pakistan Transit Trade Agreement). “The agreement
enables Kabul to export goods to India and in return, Pakistani trucks are allowed to reach Central Asia,
Iran and Turkey through travelling Afghanistan. “ ( Siddiqui, 2012).
Deputy Afghanistan Chamber of Commerce and Industries (ACCI) head, Khan Jan Alokozai said in
the past Afghanistan would export 80 percent of its fruits first to Pakistan and then India, but now most
of the fruits could not be delivered to India due to several problems facing Afghan traders in Pakistan.
They were unable to sell their products on time and because of this problem %55 of fruits were sold
with lower rates. Afghan traders are really unhappy with this. Also, one of trader Nijabat said "I don’t
want to export fruits this year to India through Pakistan, where the authorities created similar problems
for us last year." He also asked the government the solution of this problem because the fruit season is
abunt to start these days.
In order to solve this problem the agreement should be reorganized. Maybe, they can decrease
the lengthy of clearance procedures, so that people stop worrying about fruits and vegetables. Fruits
and vegetables could prevent from decomposition because of hitch in the processes. They both benefit
from this agreement and if they do not satisfy each other, it will be canceled or it is already not useful
and utility for them. Therefore, they should solve the problems by improving the agreement.
8
9. In order to extend trade between Afghanistan and neighbours, some fairs should be organized
such th one organized in 26-28 March 2012. Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the Republic of
Tajikistan and Afghanistan Chamber of Commerce and Industry organized the exhibition which hosts 65
companies from 6 countries, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus, China, India, Turkey. The number of afghan
companies was 37 which shows carpets, dried foods, spice, marble, IT and advertisement services. Trade
between Afghanistan and neighboring countries increased in the last ten years and this can duplicate it
every year by the help of this kind of events. To set better conditions for investment and trade, and to
promote visa facilitation for traders could be other improvements that are able to help improvement in
trade. The economic corporation will improve the relations between countries and this could be a key in
order to end terrorism in region.
9
10. References
Tomlinson, B.R. (2003). "What was the Third World", Journal of Contemporary History
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_World#Foreign_Aid_and_Development
http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/third_world_countries.htm
http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/third_world.htm
http://www.un.org/en/
http://ezinearticles.com/?Problems-of-the-Third-World-Countries&id=2450169
http://acci.org.af/component/content/article/122-acci-ask-to-solve-afghan-trades-problems.html
http://www.bgs.ac.uk/AfghanMinerals/docs/Gold_A4.pdf#search='gold%20and%20copper%20discover
ed%20in%20afghanistan'
http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2007/3063/fs2007-3063.pdf
http://www.uvm.edu/ieds/node/568/
10