The document discusses the rise of international organizations and identifies three essential conditions for their existence: independent political communities, agreed upon rules among those communities, and a formal structure to implement and enforce those rules. It then outlines the development of international organizations in the 19th century due to factors like the industrial revolution and European imperialism. European imperialism contributed to the emergence of a global economic network and the need for agreed regulations, standards, and dispute resolution, which led to the proliferation of international governmental organizations in that period.

1. Rise of International Organizations

2. Regional Organizations in the World

3. Three Essential Conditions for IOs to
Exist
Independent
political
communities
• Without which a
regulatory structure
would be essentially
imperial or hegemonial
Rules of agreed
among such
communities that
purport to regulate
their relations with
each other
• Without which orderly
relations would be a
random consequence of
informal interaction
among sovereign entities
A formal structure to
implement and
enforce the rules
• Without which rule of
enforcement would
depend on diplomacy
and statecraft rather that
at least some element of
management by a
standing body created for
that purpose

4. Rise of IOs
• Significantly shape the modern
world order
• For some, they are considered
the earliest IGOs
– Amphictyonic Council of ancient
Greece
• Members engaged in common
religious obervance and protect the
shrine of Delphi
– Ancient international societies
like Imperial China, Egypt, and
India
– Medieval Christendom
• Composed of ecumenical councils,
chivalric orders, and complex and
far-reaching international legal
structures

5. The 19th Century Development
• The most favourable
climate for the
proliferation of IGOs
• The impact of
Industrial Revolution
• The European
imperialism
contributed for the
emergence of a highly
complex worldwide
economic network in
four distinct ways.

6. The Impact of European Imperialism
The greater the number of international transactions increased the
risk of conflict arising out of some trivial dispute.
Agreed regulations and common standards had to be determined for
such purposes as patenting inventions, classifying good for custom
duties and deciding exchange rates between currencies.
Traditional insistence by states upon a rigid interpretation of their
sovereign rights was emerging a significant barrier to the efficient
conduct of international business.
The economies of the major powers were becoming increasingly
interdependent, which provided them with certain interests to set
against their many rivalries.

7. The Impact of European
Imperialism
• Growing tendency to
accept international
arbitration or various types
of disputes
• A standard formula ran:
“neither honour nor
vital interests” were involved
The greater the
number of
international
transactions
increased the risk
of conflict arising
out of some trivial
dispute.

8. The Impact of European
Imperialism
• Public international
institutions were
established to deal with
such matters
• At the end of 19th century,
there was an international
standardisation even to
affect less technical and
more obviously political
areas like protection of
workers and children
Agreed regulations and
common standards had to
be determined for such
purposes as patenting
inventions, classifying good
for custom duties and
deciding exchange rates
between currencies.

10. The Impact of European
Imperialism
• IGOs reduced these barries
• Example
– The Universal Postal Union
(formerly General Postal
Union) in 1818 adopted
procedures that are still
quite radical including the
compulsory arbitration of
disputes and majority
voting.
Traditional insistence
by states upon a rigid
interpretation of their
sovereign rights was
emerging as a
significant barrier to
the efficient conduct
of international
business.

11. The Impact of European
Imperialism
• Major powers attempted to
translate this interdependence
into institutional form through
the establishment of
international commissions to
regulate the trade in specific
commodities, such as sugar.
• Turning once purely national
questions into matters of
general concern
• The aim to control diseases
culminated in the conception of
Sanitary Convention of 1903 and
International Office of Public
Hygiene in 1907.
The economies of the
major powers were
becoming increasingly
interdependent, which
provided them with
certain interests to set
against their many
rivalries.

12. END