Pollution occurs when harmful substances contaminate the environment. There are six main types of pollution: air, water, noise, land, radioactive, and soil. Various human activities like industry, transportation, agriculture, and waste dumping can pollute the air with gases, water with chemicals, land with trash and debris, soil with toxic materials, and introduce radioactive and noise pollution. Pollution has wide-ranging negative effects on human health, ecosystems, and the atmosphere. Reducing pollution requires changes like using renewable energy, sustainable farming, proper waste disposal, and raising awareness.

1. Pollution
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2. Definition of Pollution
When harmful substances contaminate the
environment it is called pollution.
Pollution refers to the very bad condition of
environment in terms of quantity and quality.

3. There are six types of Pollution
Air Pollution
Water Pollution
Noise Pollution
Land Pollution
Radio Active Pollution
Soil Pollution

4. Causes of Air Pollution
Major source of Air
Pollution
- Industries
- Automobiles and
Domestic Fuels
- High proportion of
undesirable gases,
such as Sulphur
dioxide and Carbon
monoxide

5. Effects of Air Pollution
Air Pollution is mostly harmful for:
- Human Health
- Animals
- Plants
- The Atmosphere as a whole

6. How to avoid air pollution
 We can avoid Air Pollution
by:
- Using Natural Gas instead
of Charcoal
- Using electric cars instead
of fuel powered ones
- Planting more trees to
reduce Carbon dioxide in
the Atmosphere
- Using Bio Gas

7. WATER POLLUTION
What is water pollution?
Water pollution means when water is
contaminated with chemicals and
foreign substances that are harmful to
humans, plants and animals.
-It is affecting the entire
biosphere.
-It is a serious ecological threat.

8. Industrial activities : chemical wastes and
acids.
Agricultural wastes : Fertilizers(containing
nitrates and phosphates) .
Marine dumping : oil spills , garbage
wastes , human wastes etc.
Domestic garbage and wastes :
Dishwasher liquids ,detergents etc.
Main causes of Water pollution:

9. Causes of water pollution:

10. Waterborne diseases such as:
typhoid, dysentery, hepatitis
and cholera.
Destruction of ecosystems
Death of aquatic animals: (
fishes, dolphins, crabs etc.
Disruption of food-chains.
Reproduction rate is reduced
in aquatic organism
Effects of water pollution:

11. How To Avoid Water Pollutions
 Minimizing the usage of pesticides and fertilizers.
 By creating Dams and embankments.
 Limiting the usage of detergents
and bleaches.
 Buying eco friendly cleaning
liquids to use at home and other
public places.
 Using less plastic materials.
 By improving our sanitation
system.

12.  Raising public awareness.
[  Proverb  ]
Think green , stay blue
Clean water starts
with you; 
How to avoid water pollution:

13. Noise
Pollution

14. Noise pollution or noise
disturbance is the
disturbing or
excessive sound that
may harm the activity or
balance of human or
animal life and causes a
temporary disruption in
natural balance.

15. Causes of noise
pollution
• Industrial Sources like welding,
drilling, running machinery, motors,,
operation of cranes, grinding,
packing, transporting.
• Non Industrial Sources like aircrafts
, traffic , trains , loudspeaker ,
automobiles etc.

16. Effects of noise pollution
• Hypertension
• High Stress
level
• Tinnitus
• Hearing loss
• Sleep
disturbance
• Decrease in
working
efficiency

17. How to reduce noise pollution
 Introduction of underground
transportation system to
reduce the level of noise by
reducing the existing surface
transport system.
 Schools and colleges and
hospitals should be built
away from noisy areas.
 Construction of soundproof
rooms for noisy machines in
industries must be
encouraged.
 • Airports and railway stations
should be placed away from
residential areas.

18. Definitionoflandpollution
Land pollution includes any type of waste left on the Earth's surface. It can take many
forms, from garbage on roads or in landfills to oil spills and industrial debris. Pesticides
and other chemical agents can also cause land pollution

19. Causes of land pollution
1. Agricultural activities
2. industrialization
3. Overcrowded landfills
4. Mining activities
5. Sewage treatment
Effects of land pollution
1. Change in climate pattern
2. Environmental impact
3. Effect on human health

20. Prevention of Land Pollution
1. Make people aware about the concept
of reduce, recycle and reuse
2. Trees should be planted everywhere
3. Waste matter should be disposed
immediately
4. Avoid using more fertilizers and
pesticides

21. Radioactive pollution can
be defined as the release
of radioactive substances
or high-energy particles
into the air, water, or earth
as a result of human
activity, either by accident
or by design.
Definition of Radioactive
pollution:

22. Radiation (laser-rays) form
radio active pollution.
Radioactive wastes may spread over a broad
area quite rapidly
Diseases caused by radioactivity is difficult to
detect

23. Causes of radio active pollution:
 Nuclear power plants or
nuclear bombs, accidental
release of radioactive
materials.
 Nuclear weapon testing(ex:
Missiles)

24.  Nuclear fuel mining ex.
Uranium
 Disposal of Nuclear Waste
 Natural sources
of radioactivity are considered
pollutants when they become a
threat to human health.

25.  Pie chart showing causes of radioactivity:

26. Fukushima Accident
 Following a major earthquake
and a tsunami disabled the
power supply and cooling of
three reactors, causing a
nuclear accident on 11 March
2011.
 Official figures show that there
have been well over 1000 in
contrast to little risk from
radiation if early return had
been allowed.
• Greenpeace Japan member Mai Suzuki
removes sediment samples from a remotely
operated grabber at Lake Biwa in Shiga
Prefecture on March 22. | © CHRISTIAN
ÅSLUND / GREENPEACE

27. Effects of Radioactive Pollution:
 Effects of Radioactive pollution
include-
 Ulcer
 Swelling of bone joints
 Cancer:-
Lung cancer
Skin cancer
Bone cancer
Thyroid cancer
 Eye problems

28. How to prevent Radioactive
pollution:
 safety measures should be
enforced strictly against
nuclear accidents
 Prevention of leakage of
radioactive elements from
nuclear reactors
 use of radioactive fuels have
to be reduced
 regular monitoring and
frequent sampling in the risk
areas
 Storage and waste disposal
must be careful
 Use of non harmful energy
sources

29. Thus, we can say that radioactivity causes
long range effects, affecting the future of
humans and hence, the future of our
civilization.

30. Soil Pollution
Soil Contamination With Solid waste, acid rain
excess of fertilizers, insecticides and chemical or
other alteration in the natural soil environment
is called soil Pollution .
There are 2 kind of soil pollution
1.Natural Causes (Landslides,hurricane)
2.Manmade causes

31. Cause of Soil Pollution

32. Effects of Soil Pollution
Causes cancers including leukemia.
Ground water will affect.
Farmers cannot be farming.
Due to land pollution the land cannot be
construct house.
Also cause of headache, eye irritation and also
skin rash
Mercury can increase the risk of kidney damage.
The animal kingdom also suffered through this
land and soil pollution

33. How to control soil Pollution?