The document discusses various types of pollution including air, water, soil, noise, and e-waste pollution. It defines each type of pollution, discusses their causes and effects, and provides suggestions for prevention. Specifically, it covers air pollution from burning fossil fuels and its health impacts. For water pollution, it lists causes like industrial and agricultural waste and effects like diseases. Prevention methods emphasized are proper waste management and reducing chemical usage. The document also analyzes a case study on rising air pollution levels in New Delhi and steps taken to curb it.

1. Presentation on
POLLUTION
SACHIN ,18/66133
Bsc(Hons) Physics
1st Year

2. Definition of Pollution
Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural
environment that cause adverse change.
Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy,
such as noise, heat or light.

3. Types of Pollution
1. Air Pollution
2. Water Pollution
3. Soil Pollution
4. Noise Pollution

4. Air Pollution
Air pollution means the
presence of chemicals or
compounds(Sulphur dioxide)
in the air which are usually
not present and which lower
the quality of the air or cause
detrimental changes to the
quality of life (such as the
damaging of the ozone layer
or causing global warming).

5. Causes Effect
Burning of fossil fuels, such
as coal, oil, natural gas, and
gasoline to produce
electricity and power our
vehicles.
Natural events that pollutes
the air include forest fires and
volcanic eruptions.
Health effects are difficulty in
breathing,asthma,lung
cancer, heart disease and
many more.
Major factor for ozone layer
depletion and global
warming.

6. Prevention
Tree plantation
More use of public
transport like metro
More use of solar
and wind energy
Conservation of
energy

7. Water
Pollution
Water pollution is the
contamination of water
bodies, usually as a result of
human activities. Water
bodies include lakes, rivers,
oceans and groundwater.

8. Causes Effects
Industrial waste
Mining activities
Marine dumping
Accidental oil leakage
Fertilizer and pesticides
Drinking polluted water has
disastrous effect on human
health.It causes typhoid, cholera,
hepatitis and various other
diseases.
Eutrophication
Death of aquatic animals

9. Prevention
Reduce the use of
herbicides,
pesticides, and
fertilizers.
Proper sewage
treatment and
management
Avoid direct
dumping into water
systems

10. Soil Pollution
Soil contamination or soil
pollution is caused by the
presence of xenobiotic
(human-made) chemicals or
other alteration in the natural
soil environment. It is
typically caused by industrial
activity, agricultural
chemicals, or improper
disposal of waste.

11. Causes Effects
Acid Rain
Use of chemicals in agriculture
Improper disposal of waste
Mining activities
Decreases Soil Fertility
And increases soil salinity
Toxic dust
Soil Pollution led to soil
erosion

12. Prevention
Afforestation
Use of biofertilizers
and use of natural
pesticides
Proper disposaal of
industrial and
household waste

13. Noise
Pollution
Noise pollution is unwanted
or excessive sound that can
have deleterious effects on
human health and
environment.

14. Causes Effects
Industrial Sources
Transport Vehicles
Use of loudspeakers in social
events
Unwanted sound can damage
physiological health and can
cause hypertension, high stress
levels, hearing loss, sleep
disturbances, and other harmful
effects

15. Prevention
Proper Lubrication
and maintenance of
machines
Tree plantation
Less use of
loudspeakers
Airport should be
located far from
population.

16. E-Waste
E-waste or electronic waste is
created when an electronic
product is discarded after the
end of its useful life.
The rapid expansion of
technology means that a very
large amount of e-waste is
created.
Electronic scrap components,
such as CPUs, contain potentially
harmful components such as lead,
cadmium, beryllium, or
brominated flame retardants.
Informal processing of e-waste
can lead to adverse human health
effects and environmental
pollution.

17. How to prevent
E-Waste
Do not trash
electronic products
,try to fix them first.
Pass them on for
reuse.
Recycle them.
Sell the electronic
products

18. Solid Waste Management
Types of Solid Waste
● Industrial Waste
● Agricultural Waste
● Biomedical Waste
● Municipal Solid Waste
(MSW)
Methods of Solid Waste
Management
● Composting and
vermicomposting
● Landfilling
● Incineration

19. 3R can be used to manage waste
disposal

20. Case study
Air Pollution in New Delhi
New Delhi is one of megacities which have worst air. New Delhi
is one of India’s most important city and India’s capital.
Causes of Delhi Air Pollution
● the numbers of vehicles on the road have increased by
sixty-five percent since 2003.

21. ● Another main cause of Delhi’s air pollution is simply the
Geography ,New Delhi is a landlocked city unlike Mumbai or
Chennai so there is no coastal breeze eradicating the pollutants.
● Burning of crop residues in Punjab and Haryana.
In November 2017, the air pollution spiked far beyond acceptable
levels. Levels of PM 2.5 and PM 10 hit 999 micrograms per cubic
meter, while the safe limits for those pollutants are 60 and 100
respectively.

22. The steps taken by taken by Delhi government to Curb Rising Air
Pollution Levels In Delhi are:-
1:CNG Buses 5:Odd-Even policy
2:Metro rail 4:Ban on firecrackers